Objective To investigate the relationship between the different embolization agent and the spinal cord ischemic injury. Methods Bilateral of intercostal arteries were embolized with gelatin sponge and lipiodol to block the blood supply of spinal cord. To detect the somatosensory evoked potentials(SEPs), 6 canines in both groups of gelatin sponge and lipiodol were treated by bilateral intercostal arteries embolization. The median nerve and fibular nerve were recorded and the ratio of lower extremity to upper extremity SEPs amplitude (LE/UE ratio) were calculated; the results were compared with the pathologic findings and the motor function. Results The baseline, LE/UE, evoked potential amplitude ratios in all dogs before operation ranged from 0.22 to 0.92 with a combined total mean of 0.49?0.07. The SEPs changes at 30 minutes post operation were more obvious than pre operation in gelatin sponge group and lipiodol group with statistic significance. The LE/UE ratio of gelatin sponge group recovered one hour after operation, but this was absent in lipiodol group. So did the latency SEPs changes. Conclusion The SEPs could not be used to evaluate the motor function of spinal cord comprehensively.

To further analyze immunoglobulin (Ig) properties of panel reactive antibodies (PRA) and their potential harmful effects on allogeneic renal transplants. Methods Since dithiothreitol (DTT) is able to crack disulphuric bond of Ig and to depoly-merize IgM with heavy molecular weight, PRA study was performed with treatment of DTT. Thus, a DTT-ERA method was established, which can identify immunoglobulin class in sera of high PRA patients. Results Among 701 recipients, whose sera were positive by the standard PRA, the positive rate of DTT-PRA was 33.2% . Besides, positive PRA patients could be divided into three groups according to their sera's sensitivity to DTT: Group 1 consisted of patients whose sera contained exclusively IgM antibodies; Group 2 consisted of patients whose sera contained of IgG antibodies only; Group 3 consisted of patients whose sera were found to contain both IgM class antibodies and IgG antibodies. Conclusion IgM class antibodies are not associated with posttrans-plant rejection, while IgG antibodies alone and mixture of IgG and IgM antibodies may mediate acute, or even hyperacute rejection.

Objective:To construct the Helicobacter pylori infected C57BL/6 mice model to observe the activation of NOD1/NF-κB signaling pathways in the gastric tissues,and study its roles in inflammatory response during Hp infection.Methods:6-8 week-old C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into two groups,the Hp infection group and the control group,and mice were given by gavage every 48 h for five times with Hp or PBS,respectively.All the animals were sacrificed at different time point and the gastric tissue were stained with hematoxylin-eosin( HE);The mRNA expression of NOD1 and RIP2 in gastric tissues were examined by RT-PCR;Levels of IFN-βand IP-10 in mice serum were assessed by ELISA;Nuclear translocation of p65 in gastric tissue was detected by Western blot.Results:Hp infection elicits an inflammatory cell response,glands in gastric tissue were reduced or atrophic,as compared with that in the control group.The levels of IP-10 and IFN-βincreased in the model group, and peaked at 16 weeks after Hp infection.Hp infection increased the mRNA expression of NOD1 and the p65 content in nuclear between 24-120 h(P<0.05),and the highest level at 48 h,subsequently the expression levels were began to decrease.The mRNA expression level of RIP2 was up-regulated after Hp was administrated, peaked at 48 h and declined after 72 h.However, the expression levels would rise again at 120 h.Conclusion: Hp infection can activate the NOD1/NF-κB signaling pathways and induce the production of IFN-βand IP-10 in gastrics of mice.

Crohn Disease ; pathology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male

Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) is a non-selective positive ion channel that is mainly expressed in sensory neurons and a member of transient receptor potential (TRP) family. The receptor could be activated by mechanical irritation, chemical irritation or endogenous ligand to mediate pains and cause injury to body functions. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the mechanism of pain is that "stagnation leads to pain". Specifically, both of the contracture and tautness caused by cold and the blood stasis could result in blood impassability and pain. Most of traditional Chinese medicines for clearing heat and removing toxicity have the anti-inflammatory effect, while those for warming interior, and promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis have the effect in smoothening blood vessels. Therefore, either with the anti-inflammatory effect or the effect in smoothening blood vessels, traditional Chinese medicines for clearing heat and removing toxicity, warming interior, and promoting blood circulation have the analgesic effect In this paper, the authors summarize the analgesic effect of the above three traditional Chinese medicines, with TRPV1 as the target.
Analgesics ; administration & dosage ; Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Pain ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; TRPV Cation Channels ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; metabolism

Bacterial Infections ; epidemiology ; microbiology ; China ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests

dialysis.

Objective To analyze the clinical features,epidemiologic information and outcome in confirmed cases of human infection with a highly pathogenic influenza A(H5N1).Methods The clinical features and epidemiologic findings in 2 confirmed cases of avian influenza A(H5N1)in Anhui province,in November 2005.Clinical data on vital signs,physical findings,laboratory tests and roentgenology were obtained by means of retrospective review of the hospital records.Epidemiologic data were collected through interviews of the patients and their relatives.Results In both cases,the diagnosis of influenza A(H5N1)was confirmed by means of viral culture and real-time polymerase chain reaction with specific primers for H5 and N1 in samples obtained from tracheal aspiration.All patients were previously healthy young women and resided in village.They had a clear history of di- rect contact with sick/dead poultry and prepared dead chickens at home for eating(removed feathers, washed,cut)hut no report of confirmed HSN1 animals in the village.The time between exposure and onset of illness were 5 days,no one else in family sick.The time between the onset of illness and hos- pitalization were 5 days and 6 days,respectively.Two patients have initial symptoms of high fever (typically a temperature more than 38℃).The prominent clinical features were those of influenza syndrome,including fever,cough,and shortness of breath.Upper respiratory tract symptoms were absent.The platelet counts were decreased.In both patients,there were marked abnormalities on chest radiography,radiographic changes include bilateral and unilateral lobular consolidations with air bronchograms,and had dramatic worsening of findings.Two patients developed acute respiratory dis- tress syndrome(ARDS)complicated multiple organ dysfunction syndrome(MODS)and died of pro- gressive respiratory failure.Conclusions Exposure to dead poultry within a week before the onset of illness was associated with Influenza A(H5N1)infection in humans,but no definitive evidence of hu man-to-human transmission has been found yet.Influenza A(HSNI)infection,characterized by fe- ver,an influenza-like illness with lower respiratory tract symptoms,carries a high risk of death.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the occurrence of ADR induced by Shuxuening injection in Beijing area,and to pro-vide reference for rational drug use in clinic. METHODS:ADR induced by Shuxuening injection in Beijing area during 2003-2013 was classified statistically in respects of population,organs/systems involved in ADR,clinical manifestations,occurrence time, drug combination and prognosis. RESULTS:Of 1648 ADR cases,the incidence of ADR in the elderly patients was higher than young patients,and that of female patients (60.92％) was higher than that of male patients (39.14％). Multiple organs/systems were involved in Shuxuening injection-induced ADR,and top 3 were nervous system (422 cases,21.33％),skin and its appen-dants (411 cases,20.78％) and others (305 cases,15.42％). Clinical manifestations were skin rash,itching,dizziness and ner-vousness,palpitation,arrhythmia,etc. ADR mostly occurred within 5-30 min after medication. In ADR reports,there were a vari-ety of drugs combined with Shuxuening injection. Shuxuening injection combined with Alprostadil injection was most common(61 cases,accounting for 23.46％ of drug combination). Among 1648 ADR cases,there were 622 cured cases and 1039 cases im-proved,4 cases were not improved,3 cases had sequelae and 1 case died. CONCLUSIONS:Clinical application of Shuxuening in-jection should strictly follow the indications of drug package inserts;differentiation of symptoms and signs is based on specific dos-age,solvent,route of administration,etc. It is necessary to strengthen the prescription check,and strengthen the observation after medication especially for the elderly and other special groups so as to reduce and avoid ADR.

AIM:To investigate the effect of miRNA-181a inhibition on the proliferation, migration and cell cycle of the human multiple myeloma cell line RPMI 8226.METHODS:Real-time PCR was used to detect miRNA-181a expression in serum samples from multiple myeloma or healthy subjects .After transfection with miRNA-181a inhibitor, the cell viability was examined by CCK-8 assay and colony formation assay .The cell migration ability was analyzed by wound healing assay .The cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry .Moreover , the protein level of cyclin D 1 and the phosphoryla-tion of PI3K and Akt were determined by Western blot .RESULTS:The expression of miRNA-181a was significantly in-creased in the serum from multiple myeloma patients as compared with healthy group .Inhibition of miRNA-181a expression by transfection with miRNA-181a inhibitor remarkably decreased the cell viability , migratory ability, the population of G0/G1 phase and cyclin D1 protein expression in the RPMI8226 cells.However, the population of S phase and the phosphory-lation of PI3K and Akt were reduced .CONCLUSION:Down-regulation of miRNA-181a inhibits the viability and migra-tory ability in the RPMI8226 cells via inhibition of cell cycle and PI 3K/Akt signaling pathway .