Liver cancer stem cell plays an important role in hepatocarcinoma occurrence and metastasis.Presently, the two theories about the source of liver cancer stem cells are mature hepatocytes' dedifferentiation and hepatic stem cells' blocked differentiation.Side population cell sorting and different surface antigen labeling are general sorting methods of hepatocarcinoma stem cells.Targeting the liver cancer stem cells population provides an effective way to the treatments of liver neoplasms.

BACKGROUND:Stem cel transplantation has incomparable superiorities in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. But stem cel s have a very low efficiency to differentiate into myocardial cel s spontaneously, and there are many factors influencing stem cel differentiation. OBJECTIVE:To clarify the pros and cons of different sources of stem cel s in the treatment of myocardial infarction, to investigate the methods for improving the differentiation efficiency of myocardial cel s, optimal differentiation conditions and mechanism underlying exercise-induced stem cel mobilization and endogenous myocardial cel regeneration. METHODS:A computer-based search of CNKI and PubMed databases was performed by the first author for articles related to stem cel therapy for myocardial infarction and stem cel differentiation into myocardial cel s, exercise effect on stem cel proliferation and myocardial cel regeneration published from 1985 to 2015. The key words were“stem cel s, myocardial infarction, myocardial regeneration, cardiac cel , exercise”in Chinese and English, respectively. Final y, 54 articles were included in result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In recent years, a variety of chemical inducers and biological components have been used in the myocardial differentiation of stem cel s. Simulation of myocardial microenvironment and vascular cel growth factors are the main methods of inducing myocardial differentiation. Aerobic exercise-induced stem cel mobilization can induce ischemic cardiac angiogenesis and upregulate a variety of vascular endothelial growth factors so as to promote myocardial proliferation and repair. However, in-depth exploration is stil needed in the harvesting of stem cel s, transplant rejection, and regulatory mechanisms underlying the directed differentiation of stem cel s into cardiomyocytes.

Objective\ To investigate the effect and safety of LMWH on treatment of nephrotic syndrome(NS).Methods\ We randomized 43 patients with primary NS into 2 groups.Steroid and cyclophosphamide were given in control group.LMWH with the dosage of 3200～5000IU twice per day was added in the treated group.Results\ After 4 to 6 weeks of treatment,a significant increase in AT-Ⅲ,anti-Xa activity and serum albumin and decrease in fibrinogen and proteinuria were observed in LMWH.Conclusion\ LMWH should be recommended as a useful treatment of NS.

Objectives To investigate the incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of lower limbs and pulmonary embolism (PE) caused by hypercoagubility in patients with nephrotic syndrome and to estimate the indication and clinical effect of anticoagulation therapy. Methods 54 patients with nephrotis syndrome(thirty-one males and twenty-three females with mean age: 44 13?15 88, 24 hours proteinuria:8 43?5 64g, albuminemia: 20 48?5 41g/L) were enrolled in this study.DVT of lower limbs and PE were confirmed by radionuclide imaging (RNV) with 99mTc-MAA and the clinical effect of subcutaneous injection of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and oral antiplatelet coagulation therapy were evaluated as well. Results 41 out of 54 cases (76%) had DVT of lower limbs, 14 8% of which had clinical manifestations. 32 out of 54 cases (59 25%) had PE, 7 4% of which had symptoms. 70 7% of PE were caused by DVT of lower limbs. No patient died of PE after the LMWH treatment.Conclusions DVT is one of the most important complications of NS. RNV can be used to make early diagnosis of DVT of lower limbs and PE. Early anticoagulation therapy might ameliorate the prognosis of NS and lower the mortality of PE.

Objective To investigate the effects of gene transfection with human growth/differentiation factor 5(hGDF5)on the differentiation and proliferation of rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs).Methods BMSCs were obtained from adult New zealand rabbits and purified by gradient centrifuge.Exogenous recombinant human GDF5 was transfected into BMSCs with liposome method.Then hGDF5 expression at mRNA and protein level was measured separately by reverse transcription-polymerase reaction and indirect immunofluorescence method.Activity of alkaline phosphates(ALP),expression of TypeⅡcollagen(ColⅡ),proteoglycan and growth of the cells were all measured by biological methods to evaluate the effects of hGDF5 gene transfer on the differentiation and proliferation of rabbit BMSCs.Results After hGDF5 gene transfection,BMSCs expressed hGDF5 mRNA and protein,and compared with the control groups,expression of proteoglycan and ColⅡ increased significantly,but no significant difference appeared in ALP activity and cell proliferation.Conclusion Gene transfer with hGDF5 is an effective way to enhance the expression of GDF5 at mRNA and protein.The expression of heterogenetic hGDF5 gene can induce BMSCs' differentiation to chondrogenic cells.But the gene transfection has no obvious effects on the proliferation and ALP activity of BMSCs.

Audiometry, Speech ; Congresses as Topic

Objective To explore the application effect of strengthened pulmonary rehabilitation exercise in lung cancer patients with severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction during perioperative period. Methods A total of 96 patients receiving lung cancer radical treatment under thoracoscope in our hospital during March 2013 to April 2015 were collected, and for all these patients, pulmonary function test before treatment showed that there was severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction. The patients were divided into the routine group and the intervention group by random digital table method, with 48 patients in each group;patients in the routine group received routine perioperative nursing, and those in the intervention group received the strengthened pulmonary rehabilitation intervention plan; change in pulmonary function before treatment, duration of mechanical ventilation, time of oxygen therapy, retaining time of chest tube, length of hospital stay and occurrence of complications after treatment were compared between the two groups. Results After strengthened pulmonary rehabilitation intervention in the intervention group, the FVC was (2.63±0.47) L, the MVV was(53.14±9.40) L, the DLCO was(19.26±2.63) ml·min-1·mmHg-1, the VO2 was (23.15±4.36) ml/kg and the O2Pulse was(10.98±2.52) ml·min-1·times-1, Which were significantly improved compared with those before treatment, (2.41±0.40) L,(46.98±8.91) L,(17.56±2.83) ml·min -1·mmHg -1, (20.17±4.35)ml/kg and(9.82±2.07) ml·min-1·times-1, t=2.521, 3.512, 3.112, 3.421, 2.515, P<0.01 or 0.05. While there was no obvious change in the above- mentioned indexes of those in the routine group. After treatment of patients in the intervention group the duration of mechanical ventilation was (9.42±3.17) hours, time of oxygen therapy was (76.23±21.18) hours, retaining time of chest tube was (3.58±1.44) days and length of hospital stay was (6.62±2.14) days, which were significantly shorter than those in the routine group, (17.29±4.79) hours,(92.14±24.29) hours, (4.73±2.15) days and(8.68±2.96) days. The occurrence rates of complications such as pulmonary infection, pulmonary atelectasis and respiratory failure were 12.50%(6/48),10.42%(5/48) and 4.17%(2/48)in the intervention group, significantly lower than those in the routine group, 41.67%(20/48),29.17%(14/48) and 18.75%(9/48), χ2=10.338, 5.315, 5.031, P <0.01 or 0.05. Conclusions Strengthened pulmonary rehabilitation intervention can improve pulmonary function of lung cancer patients with severe pulmonary ventilation dysfunction before treatment, reduce the occurrence rate of post- operative complications and enhance safety during the perioperative period; it is worth of being further promoted clinically.

Objective To detect the expression and correlated significance of inducible nitric oxide synthase and p53,Bax in benign and malignant diseases of gallbladder. Methods In 16 cases of chronic cholecystitis,11cases of chronic cholecystitis with adenomyoma and 24 cases of gallbladder adenocarcinoma,the expression of iNOS,p53 and Bax in gallbladder's wall was detected by SP immunohistochemistry. Results 1^Inducible NOS and Bax expressed in both benign and maligmant diseased gallbladders' wall,compared with benign diseased gallbladders,the expression of iNOS and Bax in adenocarcinoma was decreased(P

0.05).The transfected HepG2 cells by infection of SL3261 containing the vector were shown with GFP and the 930 bp target expression by RT-PCR.Conclusion:Attenuated Salmonella typhimurium SL3261 containing recombined eukaryotic expressing plasmid pIRES2-EGFP-4-1BBL is successfully constructed which can deliver recombinant plasmid into HepG2 cells.

Objective To investigate the biosynthesis of arbutin by suspension culture of crown gall of transgenic Panax quinquefolium. Methods Hydroquinone in methanol(60 mg/mL) was added to the medium of the crown gall of P.quinquefolium after precultured for 20 d,then they were co-cultured for another 60 h.The product was isolated and purified by column chromatography and its structure was identified by physicochemical properties and spectroscopic data.The dynamic curve of biotransformation was investigated by quantative analysis of arbutin with HPLC.Results The product could be obtained from both of the culture and medium,which was isolated and elucidated as 4-hydroxyphenyl-?-D-glucopyranoside(arbutin).After co-cultured for 60 h,the mole conversion ratio of hydroquinone is 88.4%,the product contents in culture and medium are 63.69 mg/flask and 1.86 mg/flask,respectively,and the excretion ratio of arbutin reaches the highest(2.92%).Conclusion It's the first time around the world that the crown gall of transgenic P.quinquefolium is used as a biotransformation system and arbutin which shows varied pharmacological activites have been got successfully.