Objectives To understand the susceptible factors for tobacco use among doctors in Henan province.Methods A random multilevel cluster sampling method was conducted.2 990 subjects were studied with an inquiry and self-reported questionnaire.Results The total smoking rate was 27.5%.The current smoking rate was 22.3%.Daily smoking rate was 13.3%.The main reasons for smoking were social needs,pressure relief,getting refreshing.About 21.4% subjects smoked in front of patients.Majority doctors understood the relationship between smoking and some diseases.The multivariate analysis showed that the doctors'smoking behavior was related with his gender,age,education background,monthly revenue,working section,hospital administration level,knowledge scale of tobacco being harmful on health,knowledge scale on the relationship between smoking and illness,doctors'social norm attitude for smoking.Conclusions The smoking behavior of doctors was complex,which was related to personal,social environment factors.Only comprehensive smoking prevention interventions could be stressed to produce lasting behavior change.

Objective To evaluate transureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy in the treatment of ureteral calculi. Methods 116 cases of ureteral calculi treated with ureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy from Dec.1999 to Feb.2002 were studied retrospectively.There were 49 male patietns and 67 female with an average age of 43,3 being upper ureteral stone,24 middle and 68 lower ureteral stone.21 ureteral stone-street. Results The stone fragmentation rate was 90%(104/116),85%(99/116) of which being fragmented on the first treatment session.The main complications were failure to insert the ureteroscope in 3 cases and ureteral perforation in 4.94 cases were follow-up for one to eighteen months and 91 cases were stone free within one month.No ureteral stricture has been observed on intravenous urogram. Conclusions Treatment of ureteral calculi by transureteroscopic pneumatic lithotripsy has been safe, effective and less invasive.

OBJECTIVETo compare the difference in the clinical efficacy on mild and moderate female stress urinary incontinence (FSUI) between transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation and oral administration of midodrine hydrochloride tablets.

METHODSNinety cases of mild and moderate FSUI were randomized into an observation group and a control group, 45 cases in each one. In the observation group, the transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation was applied to Ciliao (BL 32), Shenshu (BL 23), Zigong (EX-CA 1), Guanyuan (CV 4) and Qihai (CV 6), once a day. In the control group, midodrine hydrochloride tablets were prescribed for oral administration, 2. 5 mg per treatment, three times each day. The duration of treatment was 4 weeks. The score of international consultation on incontinence questionnaire-urinary incontinence short form (ICI-Q-SF) and leakage of urine in 1 h urinal pad test were observed before and after treatment in the patients of the two groups, and the efficacy was compared between the two groups.

RESULTSThe score of ICI-Q-SF and leakage of urine in urinal pad test after treatment were all improved apparently as compared with those before treatment in the two groups (all P<0. 01), and the results in the observation group were better than those in the control group (both P<0. 01). The total effective rate was 86. 7% (39/45) in the observation group, which was better than 68. 9% (31/45, P<0. 05) in the control group.

CONCLUSIONThe transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation achieves the better efficacy on FSUI as compared with the oral administration of midodrine hydrochloride tablets. This therapy effectively improves the patient's urine control ability and reduces leakage of urine.

Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation ; Treatment Outcome ; Urinary Incontinence, Stress ; physiopathology ; therapy

Objective To discuss the nursing measures for patients of hepatocellular carcinoma treated with transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization(TACE)and hish intensive focus ultrasound (HIFU).Methods During the period of Aug.2008-Aug.2009,TACE together with HIFU were performed in 40 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.The perioperative nursing measures were summarized.Results During hospitalization no severe complications,such as dangerous infection,intestinal bleeding,etc.occurred in all patients.Conclusion Correct and proper periopemtive nursing care is of significant importance for the prevention of complications and for the therapeutic effectiveness.

Purpose:To explore the therapeutic effects of combining chemotherapy and TCM recipe “Xiao Zheng Fang” for advanced colorectal cancer.Methods:A prospective and comparable clinical study was made in 85 cases of advanced colorectal carcinoma seen over 6 years , Who were not suitable for radical operation or had metastases after operation. Survival time,life quality, objective effect and blood flow rate indexes were studied and analysed. Results:Integrated therapy of tranditional Chinese and Western medicine is superior to chemotherapy alone in life quality ( P

The genes amplified in breast cancer family,as the novel defined hormone receptor co-activators,of which the key number is amplified in breast(AIB) 1,is critical to the transcriptional activation function of nuclear hormone receptors.The abnormal expression of protein is related to the tumorigenesis and development of many tumors.Recently,emerging evidence suggests that the member of AIB family expresses abnormally and amplifies in ovarian tumors.Collectively,these results suggest that the AIB family is involved in the carcinogenesis and the development of ovarian cancers.Further research is required to explore the mechanism and significance as well as to determine the role of AIB family in ovarian cancers,which will potentially leading to a new prognostic marker and new therapeutic targets.

Objective To preliminarily study effects of polysaccharide of Sijunzi Decoction (SD) on the function of intestinal mucosal humoral immune. Methods NIH mice were equally randomized into 4 groups:normal control group,model group,SD polysaccharide (SDPS) group,and SD free proteoglycan (SDFP) group. The intestinal sIgA content was detected by ELISA. The phynotype of Peyer's nodel cells was examined with flow cytometer. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of TLR4 receptor in the intestine. Results Compared to the normal control group,SDPS and SDFP group,the concentration of sIgA was significantly decreased in the model group (P

Objective To imestigate the effect of total polysaccharides(TP) from Sijunzi Decoction(SD) on the immune function of mice intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes(iIEL).Methods NIH mice were eaqually randomized to 4 groups:control group,model group,TP-SD group,free-protein polysaccharides from SD(FPP-SD) group.Mice iIEL was extracted by discontinuous density method.The percentage of CD3+ and CD69+ in iIEL were detected by flow cytometer.IL-2 and IFN-? expression in iIEL supernatant was detected by ELISA.Results The percentage of CD3+ lymphocyte in iIEL was 88.46 %.The percentage of CD69+ lymphocyte and the levels of IL-2 and IFN-? in iIEL were significantly decreased in the model group compared with those in the normal control group(P

Objective The article aimed to investigate the effect of application of phase learning teaching method in teaching of clinical nursing skills.Methods A total of 97 undergraduate nursing students in grade 2008 were grouped as the experimental group,these students adopted phase learning teaching method,which divided clinical nursing skills course into three stages.A total of 103 undergraduate nursing students in grade 2008 were set as the control group,the students were given traditional teaching method.The teaching effect was compared between two groups.Results Compared with the control group,theoretical knowledge,practical skills,professional emotion and critical thinking were better in the experimental group,the difference was significant,t value was-4.566,-6.332,-2.371 and-4.308.Conclusions The phase learning teaching method is an effective and practical method to improve the teaching effect of clinical nursing skills.

Objective To investigate the occurring time,pathogen distribution and drug resistance in kidney transplant pa-tients with lung infection and to provide basis for clinical treatment.Methods From January 2012 to December 2015,73 kid-ney transplant patients with lung infection were collected in this study.The timing of infection occurrence,the main source of specimen,the pathogenic bacteria and drug resistance of each case were analyzed retrospectively.The drug sensitivity was analyzed by WHONET 5.4 software.Results 83.56% (61/73)cases of lung infection occurred within 1 year in kidney transplant patients,among them,53.42% (39/73)cases occurred within 6 month after kidney transplantation,and 30.14%(22/73)cases occurred within 6~12 months after surgery.The 84.93% (62/73)source of specimen were sputum and blood,and the others were alveolar lavage fluid,pleural fluid and throat swab.Totally 7 9 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated,including gram negative bacilli (49.37%),gram positive bacteria (39.24%)and fungi (11.39%).The most com-mon strains were Pseudomonas aeruginosa 12 strains (15.19%),Staphylococcus aureus 11 strains (13.92%),Klebsiella pneumoniae 10 strains (12.66%),Staphylococcusaureus 9 strains (11.39%),BaumanAcinetobacter 8 strains (10.13%), and Escherichia coli 6 strains (7.5 9%).The detection rate of strains which producing broad-spectrumβ-lactamases were 30.0% in Escherichiacolil and 20.0% in Klebsiellapneumonia,respectively.Furthermore,the detection rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus were 45.45% in Staphylococcusepidermidisl and 22.22% in Staphylococcusaureus,respectively. The drug sensitivity results showed that the Gram-negative bacilli were sensitive to Vancomycin,teicoplanin and rifampicin. The Gram-positive cocci were sensitive to Cefepime,meropenem and imipenem.Conclusion 83.56% (61/73)cases of lung infection occurred within 1 year in kidney transplant patients;Gram-negative bacteria were the main pathogenic bacteria in lung infection in kidney transplant patients;Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive bacteria were multi drug resistant and should be treated as early as possible.