Operation training is the basic training of acupuncture, which includes practicing finger force and finger feeling. During practicing, it is essential to comprehend that needle is the carrier of force, and the force should be exerted through the needle, meaning the finger force should be put into the needle. There are four basic skills, including practicing qi, practicing finger, practicing spirit and practicing technique. Besides, there are three combinations, which are combination of spirit and finger, combination of force and qi and combination of qi and spirit. It is required to seek movement from peace and achieve fast from stable, also it needs to be swift through being steady, be dynamic through being static and be ingenious through being subtle. The techniques in the 24-type simplex manipulation are recorded in the ancient literature, and some arrangement and supplement is added and then summarized to classify this manipulation into six groups, including (1) search and pinch acupoint, activate meridian by finger and by nail; (2) swing, hover, twist and rub the needle; (3) insert, withdraw, lift and thrust the needle; (4) scrape, flip, fly and rub needle handle; (5) pull, push, vibrate and bend the needle; (6) press meridian and acupoint, seek meridian qi and stir the needle. It could provide positive effect on distinguishing and comprehending the manipulation.
Acupuncture ; education ; instrumentation ; manpower ; Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Health Personnel ; education ; Humans

Objective: To investigate the relationship between glycated albumin levels and diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods: From January 2006 to June 2009,78 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in our hospital were enrolled in the study. We used liquid enzymatic to detect glycated albumin,and compare with 50 cases of healthy in the same period as the control group.Results: The glycated albumin was different between the control group and the diabetic nephropathy groups(F=8.953,P=0.000). Glycated albumin in each diabetes group was higher than that in the control group;glycated albumin in diabetic nephropathy groups was higher than that in non-diabetic nephropathy group;glycated albumin in end-stage diabetic nephropathy group was higher than that in the rest of groups.The severity of diabetic nephropathy and level of glycated albumin were related,rs was 0.754(t=6.547,P=0.008).Logistic regression showed that glycated albumin was an independent risk factor impacting on the incidence of diabetic nephropathy and the severity of the disease,multi-adjusted OR value was 2.326,and 95%CI was 2.114-2.538.Conclusions:Glyeated albumin plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy ,and it is closely related to the phases of diabetic nephropathy.

Objective To analyze the ultrasonographic features of breast cancer and axillary lymph, and improve the accuracy rate of diagnosing axillary lymph node metastasis by ultrasonography. Methods The data of ultrasound, operation and pathology in 132 patients with breast cancer were analyzed retrospectively. The ROC curve was made to determine the relationship of the tumor size with axillary lymph node nature. Results The positive rate of axillary lymph node metastasis of 132 cases was 42.4%(56/132), and the accuracy rate of ultrasonographic diagnosis was 92.9%( 52/56). The negative rate of lymph node was 57.6%( 76/132 ),and the accuracy rate of ultrasonographic diagnosis was 85.5%( 65/76). Conclusions The primary tumor and axillary lymph nodes are the main features to determine whether metastatic involvement is present or not. Ultrasonography can provide valuable reference for clinic and operation.

Objective To analyze the accompanied symptoms and prognostic factors for acute low-frequency sensorineural hearing loss (ALHL).Methods Univariate analysis and multiple factors Logistic regression analysis were completed between degree of hearing loss,vertigo,treatment time etc and therapeutic effect in 57 ALHL patients (67 ears).Results In 57 ALHL patients (67 ears),22 cases(24 ears) were cured,13 cases (14 ears) were excellent,8 cases (9 ears) were effective,and 14 cases (20 ears)were ineffective,the total effective rate was 75.4％ (43/57).The results of univariate analysis showed that age,treatment time,hyperacusis,degree of hearing loss and unilateral or bilateral disease were correlated with prognosis (P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01).Multiple factors Logistic regression analysis showed that age,treatment time,hyperacusis,degree of hearing loss and unilateral and bilateral disease were directly correlated with prognosis (P ＜0.05 or ＜0.01).Conclusions The prognosis of ALHL is directly correlated with age,treatment time,hyperacusis,degree of hearing loss and unilateral and bilateral disease,and to reduce or shorten the occurrence of such factors during treatment can treat the disease effectively.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the protective effect of Shuganning injection against liver injury induced by cisplatin in mice. METHODS:100 mice were randomized into normal control group (normal saline),model group,Shuganning injection high-dose,medium-dose and low-dose groups [41.5,20.8,10.4 g(crude drug)/kg] with 20 mice in each group. Except normal con-trol group,other groups were given cisplatin 3 mg/kg,ip,on Monday and Thursday to induce cisplatin toxicosis model;at the same time,they were given relevant medicines from Monday to Friday by intraperitoneal injection,once a day for consecutive 10 weeks. The activities of ALT and AST,the contents of albumin,total protein and globin in serum,total protein/globin(A/G)were determined,and hepatic index was calculated and hepatic histomorphology was observed. RESULTS:Compared with normal con-trol group,the activity of AST,the contents of ALB and globin in serum and A/G all increased in model group (P<0.01),un-clear hepatic cords range,hepatocellular albuminoid degeneration and endochylema puffing were common and obvious acidophilic change was found in hepatic tissue. Compared with model group,the serum content of ALB decreased in Shuganning injection low-dose and high-dose groups,while globin content and A/G increased;and the activity of AST in serum decreased in Shuganning high-dose group(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and pathological state of hepatic tissue was improved. CONCLUSIONS:Shuganning injec-tion possesses a protective effect on cisplatin-induced liver injury in mice.

Mobilization of pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells (CFU-S) into circulation by Ch violaceum endotoxin, and the relationship between sensitivity to endotoxin and the mobilization were studied in mice.It was observed that the circulating CFU-S per 106 MNC had a 2-fold increase on the 5th day after endotoxin.The mobilization of progenitor cells (CFU-GM) by endotoxin was more evident in ICR mice, whichwere more sensitive to endotoxin, than in Kunmin mice.Endotoxin could mobilize more CFU-GM in mice whose sensitivity to endotoxin had been elevated by pretreat-ment with BCG.On the basis of these results, we conclude that the BCG-pretreatment may be an effective measure to raise the yield of CFU-GM.

Objective:To observe efficacy and safety of defibrase in the treatment of 96 patients with the acute cerebral infection. 　Methods:Patients with the acute cerebral infection were randomly divided into two groups of 48 patients each,appling the double-blind method in the same process.One group was the treated group.The other was the controlled group.　Results:The overall effective rate and excellent effective rate of the treated group were higher than those of the controlled group.Fibrinogen and bloodrheology of patients in treated group visibly changed after treatment(P＜0.01).Only one patient bled a little. 　Conclusion:Using defibrase to treat acute cerebral infection was safe and had less side effect.

Objective:To study the effect of losartan on the changes of expression of signal molecule PKC、ERK1/ERK2,and p-ERK1/ERK2 in non-infarction zone of left ventricule(LVNIZ)and left ventricular remodeling(LVRM)in rat with acute my- ocardial infarction(AMI). Methods:The 36 surviving AMI male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 2 groups:AMI group(n= 30)(subdivided into 5 groups according to the different intervals at 1,3,7,14,28 days after AMI.) and losartan group(n=6) (by gastric gavate,20mg(/kg?d),for 4 weeks). used Sham 7d group(n=6) was used as controls. LVEDP was analyzed by ALC -MPA biological signal analysis system. LVWI was measured when the hearts were harvested. The concentration of plas- ma and non-infarcted myocardial tissue AngⅡ were measured with radioimmunoassay. The expression of PKC, ERK1/ERK2, and p -ERK1/ERK2 protein in remote non -infarcted myocardium were evaluated by Western blot. Results:Compared with Sham-operated rats,LVEDP、LVWI and the concentration of LVNIZ AngⅡ in the 28th day after MI group were all markedly increased(P

A more sensitive method based on enzyme reaction was used to determine serum tctal ketone bodies (TKB) and aceto-acetate .(AcAc) separately in 19 IDDM and 34 NIDDM patients and 10 healthy controls as well. In case FBG8.3 mmol / L in IDDM, TKB, AcAc and B-OHBA concentrations showed a positive correlation with FBG respectively. On the basis of these results, it may be suggested that serum ketone bodies determinations should be valuable in differentiating IDDM from NIDDM, and monitoring the control of diabetes mellitus.

Objective] Based on the previous research of TCM col ege students ’intercultural communicative competence, a theoretical exploration is carried on about the elements related to TCM col ege students ’intercultural communicative competence. [Methods] With the method of empirical study, a theoretical presumption is put forward that TCM col ege students ’ intercultural communicative competence is composed of daily intercultural communicative competence and professional intercultural communicative competence, consisting of 18 elements. [Results] The reliability analysis and validity analysis show that the presumption is reasonable. [Conclusion] The result of research is helpful to investigate the status of TCM col ege students ’ intercultural communicative competence and find the problems in TCM col ege English teaching in the fol owing study.