Objective To discuss the selection of different operation methods for cesarean scar pregnancy ( CSP ) . Methods A retrospective analysis was made on clinical data of 71 CSP patients treated in our hospital from January 2010 to January 2015.All the patients were accurately diagnosed by transvaginal color ultrasound examinations.Hysteroscopic evacuation was performed in 45 endogenous CSP patients, while in 26 exogenous CSP patients, 15 of them were treated by hysteroscopy and the other 11 patients were given laparoscopic operation. Results For the 45 endogenous patients, the success rate of hysteroscopic therapy was 92%( 41/45 ) .For the 26 exogenous patients, the success rate was 80% ( 12/15 ) for hysteroscopic and 82% ( 9/11 ) for laparoscopic therapy. Conclusions Preoperative categorizing of CSP is important for choosing different surgery methods. Hysteroscopic evacuation is the first choice for endogenous CSP.For exogenous patients, both hysteroscopic evacuation and laparotomy can be chosen.Therefore, the two minimally invasive procedures have limits, and transvaginal and laparotomy resection of lesion is still necessary sometimes.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the necessity of developing pharmaceutical services on the retailed pharma?cy.METHODS:The current state of the pharmacy retailers in China and the necessity of developing pharmaceutical services on the retailed pharmacy were analyzed.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:Only through developing specialized pharmacy services actively can the pharmacy retailer strengthen their competitive ability in the pharmacy market.

Cardiomyopathy, Dilated ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Europe ; Humans ; United States

Objective To study the effects of the monomers of ginsenoside Rb1 (GSRb1) on the concentrations of intracellular calcium in ischemic neurons of rats.Methods Hippocampus neurons from embryo of rats were cultured in vitro, then placed into normal extracellular fluid (normal control group), simulated ischemic extracellular fluid (ischemia group), simulated ischemic extracellular fluid without calcium (ischemia without calcium group) and simulated ischemic extracellular fluid with different concentration of GSRb1. The fluorescence intensity of intracellular calcium in each group was measured by laser scanning confocal microscope technique, and the corresponding percentage was calculated by comparison with normal control.Results Compared with normal control group, fluorescence intensity of intracellular calcium increased by ( 73.5?10.31)% in ischemia group, ( 4.5?2.58)% in ischemia without calcium group,( 20.2?3.41)%, ( 13.6?2.98)%,( 10.5?3.62)% and ( 12.7?4.51)%, respectively, in simulated ischemic extracellular fluid with different concentration of GSRb1 groups (20, 40, 60 and 80 ?mol/L). The decreases of fluorescence intensity of intracellular calcium in simulated ischemic extracellular fluid with different concentration of GSRb1 groups were significantly different compared with ischemia group (all P

In the present study,50 patients were treated by mesh & plug hernia repair with Bard R Mesh & FerFix R Plug. Operation time ranged from 24 min to 71 min with mean time being 43.2min.There was no need for analgestic.Hospitalization time ranged from 3d to 7d with mean time being 4.5d.The patients were followed up for 6w to 20 months.No recurrence occurred.

BACKGROUND:Bioartificial liver could partial y replace the major liver functions, including detoxification, synthesis, secretion and biotransformation. OBJECTIVE:To use bibliometric indexes to track study focuses on bioartificial liver, and to investigate the relationships among geographic origin, impact factors, and highly cited articles indexed in Web of Science. METHODS:A list of citation classics for bioartificial liver was generated by searching the database of Web of Science-Expanded using the terms“artificial liver support system”or artificial liver or“bioartificial liver”. The top 33 cited research articles which were cited more than 100 times were retrieved. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS:Of 4 144 articles published, the 33 top-cited articles were published between 1992 and 2010. The highest citations paper was published in 2002, with a total of 668 citations, mean cited 55.67 per year. The total citations of 33 articles were 6 094 times, with a mean of 12.64 citations per article. These top-cited papers came from 11 countries, of which 12 articles came from the United States. University of Rostock led the list of classics with five papers. Harvard University and Massachusetts General Hospital ranked the second with four papers each. The 33 top-cited articles were published in 18 journals, predominantly Annals of Surgery and Hepatology, fol owed by Artificial Organs and Biotechnology and Bioengineering. Our bibliometric analysis provides a historical perspective on the progress of bioartificial liver research. Articles originating from outstanding institutions of the United States and published in high-impact journals are most likely to be cited.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of the bone graft fusion of the posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) combined with posterolateral fusion(PLF) in treating lumbar spondylolisthesis .Methods 63 cases of lumbar spondylolisthesis were performed the posterior unilateral or bilateral vertebral plate resection ,nerve root canal decompression ,clearing the slippage space , reduction ,fixation short-segment vertebral pedicle nail-stick system for reduction and fixation ,bone graft fusion with the interverte-bral space Cage and posterior-lateral bone graft fusion ,vertebral pedicle isthmus cracking was performed the clearance and bone graft fusion(PLIF combined with PLF ) .The JOA scores ,lumbar lordosis ,segment lordosis ,intervertebral space height ,slippage rate and complications were recorded before operation ,in postoperative 1 week ,6 ,12 months .Results All cases had no serious complications .The JOA scores were increased to some different degrees from the beginning of postoperative 1 week ,with the reha-bilitation time extension ,the JOA scores were gradually increased ,the improvement rate of the postoperative JOA score averaged 85 .00% .The lumbar lordosis ,segment lordosis ,intervertebral space height and slippage rate after operation were significantly im-proved compared with before operation ,the fusion failure rate was 4 .76% .Conclusion The bone graft fusion of PLIF combined with PLF is one of ideal methods to treat lumbar spondylolisthesis .

Objective To investigate the location,fine structure of melanocytes in human fetal scalp hair follicles.Methods The scalp with hair follicles was obtained from a dead fetus of 6 months of age,and divided into two parts.One part was embedded in paraffin,tissue sections were prepared with a width of 7 μm and stained with NKI/beteb,monoclonal antibodies to HMB-45,tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein 1(TRP1),respectively.The other part with hair follicles was treated with collagenase type Ⅱ 0.1 g/L and trypsin,then,cell suspension was collected and cultured.After 14-day culture,follicle melanocyte cells (FMC)were separated from keratinocytes by differential trypsinization,and fibroblasts were removed with geneticin.Following three times of pure passage,FMC were seeded and fixed on mica for scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and atomic force microscope(AFM)scanning.Results Histopathological examination showed that NKI/beteb positive cells located at the outer root sheath of human hair follicles,and these cells stained negatively for HMB-45,tyrosinase and TRP1 antibodies.However,in the hair bulb,lots of cells expressed HMB-45,tyrosinase and TRP1 antigens.After fibroblasts and keratinocytes were removed,two kinds of melanocytes remained in the culture:one was small in number and showed abundant melanin,which was lost after subsequent passage;the othgr was large in number and had no melanin initially,but proliferated very rapidly.After three passages,almost all the melanocytes were positive for NKI/beteb.As SEM and AFM showed,most cultured melanocytes appeared fusiform with two(rarely three)dendrites,and the cell body was round or oval with a few melanosomes scattered in but no clear secondary branches on the dendrites.Conclusions The melanocytes in outer root sheath of hair follicles from the fetal scalp are presumed as melanocyte stem cells or their progenies.In vitro,these cells proliferate very rapidly during early phases,but the morphology and function of them still remain immature,which is unfavorable for melanosome transport.

Objective To evaluate the serum concentrations of estradiol and testosterone in hyperuricemia patients and possible correlations of the two factors and uric acid (UA) in hyperuricemia (HUA) patients.Methods This was a case control study.We involved 90 hyperuricemia patients,103 healthy controls.Estradiol,testosterone,UA,serum glucose,lipid profile,creatinine and body mass index (BMI) were estimated in two groups.The statistical analysis of the data were performed using SPSS version 19.0 software.The estradiol,testosterone,UA,serum glucose,lipid profile,serum creatinine and BMI levels between the two groups were compared using the Student's t-test.Pearson correlation test was used to assess the correlation between serum UA levels and these indexes.Results Serum levels of estradiol in healthy subjects and hyperuricemia patients were 82.2 (55.6-108.8) pmol/L,65.8 (36.6-95.0) pmol/L respectively ;the serum levels of UA were 300.8(207.2-394.4) μmol/L,426.9(370.1-483.7) μmol/L,respectively.The levels of estradiol were higher in the healthy control group than those in the hyperuricemia group.There were significant differences of estradiol levels between these two groups (P ＜ 0.05).Estradiol was negatively correlated with UA (r =-0.319,P ＜ 0.01),so was testosterone (r =-0.312,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The findings of the present study suggest that in hyperuricemia patients,there are associations between estradiol and UA and the levels of serum estradiol might be used as biomarkers in hyperuricemia.