Objective:To investigate the value of prenatal ultrasound combined with MRI in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of fetal pulmonary sequestration.Methods: The prenatal examination data of 9 cases with pulmonary sequestration confirmed by autopsy and postnatal follow-up was analyzed retrospectively. All fetuses were examined by MR examination performed within 24 hours after ultrasound examination. The results of prenatal ultrasound and MRI were analyzed, and the results were compared with the follow up results.Results: The diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound was 77.78%(7/9), 2 cases were misdiagnosed(one case was misdiagnosed as abdominal mass and one case as pulmonary cystadenoma). The diagnostic accuracy of MRI was 100%.Conclusion: Prenatal ultrasound is the primary method for pulmonary sequestration. As the supplement, MR can display directly the location, shape, size of the lesion. There is high value in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of fetal pulmonary sequestration. The combination of ultrasound and MRI can further improve the diagnostic accuracy of the disease.

Objecfive To investigate the expression of erbB4 and PTEN in cutaneous squarnous cell carcinoma(SCC)tissue and their significance.Methods Immunohistochemical Elivision method was used to measure the protein expression of erbB4 and PTEN in tissue specimens from 52 patients with SCC (11 cases with and 41 cases without lymph node metastasis)and 10 normal human controls.Results The positivity rate of erbB4 was significantly higher in the patients with SCC than in the normal human controls (75%vs.10%,x2=12.77,P<0.01),and in the patients with lymph node metastasis than in those without (100%vs.68.29%,P<0.05).Significant differences were also observed in the expression rate of PTEN between the patients with SCC and the normal controls (48.08%vs.100%,x2=9.20,P<0.01),between the patients with well-differentiated SCC and those with poody differentiated SCC(78.57%vs.36.84%,P<0.05),and between the patients with lymph node metastasis and those without (9.09%vs.58.54%,P<0.01).The expression of erbB4 was negatively correlated with that of PTEN (r=-0.42.P<0.01).Conclusion The disturbalice in mutual regulation between erbB4 and FIEN seems to be involved in the initiation.progression and metastasis of SCC.

Objective To investigate the value of narrow band imaging (NBI) and lugol chromo-endoscopy (LCE) in the diagnosis of advanced esophageal carcinoma.Methods The clinical data of 162 patients with advanced esophageal carcinoma who received NBI and LCE at the Cancer Hospital of Peking University from November 2010 to May 2012 were retrospectively analyzed.Esophageal mucosa was first examined using white light imaging (WLI),and then followed by NBI and LCE,and the lengths of the lesions were recorded.Biopsy histology was obtained in all abnormal mucosa which were detected by NBI or LCE.Difference in the length of lesions detected by the NBI/LCE and WLI was calculated.Surgical approach and method of anastomosis were recorded for patients who received surgical treatment,and the final treatment method was recorded for patients who did not receive surgical treatment.Difference in the treatment methods was compared before and after endoscopy.Results The length of the lesions detected by the 3 methods was identical in 121 patients,different in 41 patients.The difference ranged between 1 and 3 cm was observed in 22 patients,＞3 cm and ≤5 cm in 8 patients,＞5 cm and ≤10 cm in 7 patients,＞ 10 cm in 4 patients.Of the patients in the above mentioned 4 categories,there were 1,2,2,4 patients in each category received neo-adjuvant therapy,and the rest patients received operation.Superficial cancer contiguous to the primary lesion was found in 41 patients,including squamous cell carcinoma in 31 patients,carcinoma-in-situ in 3 patients and severe dysplasia in 7 patients.Of the 153 patients who received surgery,the surgical plan for 12 patients was modified.Intrathoracic anastomosis was changed to cervical anastomosis in 2 patients,anastomosis under the aortic arch was changed to anastomosis above the aortic arch in 3 patients,trans-abdominal operation was changed to thoraco-abdominal operation in 7 patients.Conclusions The combination of NBI and LCE is more accurate to evaluate the extent of lesions of advanced esophageal carcinoma,and is useful to decide the treatment protocol.Pathological examination of the adjacent abnormal mucosa should be carried out for patients whose lesion length was inconsistent under different observation methods.

Effective chemotherapy is the mainstay of malaria control. However it is undergoing the serious threat by resis?tance of falciparum malaria to antimalarial drugs. In recent years with the development of molecular biology technology molec?ular markers have been widely used to monitor antimalarial drug resistance. This paper reviews the researches on the common molecular markers related to Plasmodium falciparum drug resistance.

Objective To elucidate whether down-regulation of homo sapiens eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2 (EEF1A2) expression induces apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells and its possible mechanisms. Methods Two siRNAs targeting human EEF1A2 were synthesized and the siRNA/liposome complexes were transfected into the pancreatic cancer cell line BxPC-3. RTPCR and Western blot were used to analyze the change of EEF1A2 expression and the apoptosis rate of BxPC-3 cells was studied using Annexin-V/PI assay. To identify the mechanisms involved, the apoptosis associated proteins such as caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, PARP, cytochrome C and Bid were detected by Western blotting. Results Both EEF1A2-targeting siRNAs reduced the EEF1A2expression, and the No. 2 siRNA inhibited EEF1A2 expression to less than 25 % in mRNA and protein levels. Down-regulation of EEF1A2 expression in BxPC-3 cells enhanced cell apoptosis (15.28% ±3.65%) at a greater level than negative siRNA-expressing cells (10. 11% ± 3. 05%) or mock cells (9.41 % ±4.14 %). Furthermore, reduction of EEF1A2 activated the pro-caspase-8, pro-caspase-3,pro-caspase-9,PARP and Bid to their active forms, and increased the expression of cytochrome C.Conclusions These data suggest that EEF1A2 down-regulation could significantly induce apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cell line BxPC-3, which is likely mediated by the death receptor and mitochondrial apoptotic pathways.

AIM:To study the effect of integrin β1 on multidrug resistance in gastric cancer and its possible mechanisms .METHODS:The expression of integrin β1 at mRNA and protein levels in the SGC-7901 cells and SGC-7901/DDP cells was determined by qPCR and Western blot .The expression of integrin β1 in the SGC-7901/DDP cells was silenced by antisense oligodeoxynucleotide .The cell viability was detected by the CCK-8 assay, the cell apoptosis were ana-lyzed by flow cytometry, and the protein levels of integrin β1, Bcl-2/Bax, cleaved caspase-3/caspase-3, cytochrome C ( Cyt-C) and p-AKT/AKT were determined by Western blot .RESULTS:The expression of integrin β1 at both mRNA and protein levels was significantly upregulated in SGC-7901/DDP cells.The expression of integrin β1 was increased in SGC-7901 cells treated with chemotherapeutic agents such as cisplatin , paclitaxel and 5-fluorouracil .Knockdown of integrin β1 induced apoptosis of SGC-7901/DDP cells with an increased sensitivity to the chemotherapeutic agents .Meanwhile , knock-down of integrin β1 downregulated the protein levels of Bcl-2/Bax, p-AKTSer473 and p-AKTThr308 , while promoted the release of Cyt-C and upregulated the protein level of cleaved caspase-3.CONCLUSION:Knockdown of integrin β1 increases the sensitivity of SGC-7901/DDP cells to the chemotherapeutic agents , and promotes the cell apoptosis via mitochondrial apop-tosis pathway .The mechanism may be related to the attenuation of AKT pathway by inhibiting phosphorylations of AKT at Ser473 and Thr308.

Objective: Combining with national drug sampling program,to evaluate the current quality situation and problems of compound Yinqiao and paracetamol and chlorphenamine maleate capsules by testing and analyzing 78 batches of samples collected from the realm of drug production and circulation all over the country in 2015.Methods: As the current standard could not control the product quality, and combined the prescribed examination with exploratory research, the method of HPLC was used to determine the contents.GC and TLC was respectively used to identify peppermint oil and study on forsythin.Near infrared spectrum database was established by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), which provided the basis for rapid testing.The results of the prescribed examination and exploratory research were statistically analyzed.Results: There were significant differences in the results of the prescribed examination and exploratory research.Conclusion: The results of exploratory research show that there are many defects in the statutory standards.The product quality of different manufactures was divers, and it is necessary to guide them to improve the preparation process and the quality.More exclusive, accurate and sensitive methods should be used to comprehensively control the quality.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of covered self-expanding metal stent in the treatment of malignant esophageal stricture.Methods The clinical data of 512 patients accepted stent were retrospectively analyzed,which included patients' profiles,relief of dysphagia,incidence of complications and survival period.The data were analyzed by t test.Results A total of 596 stents were placed in 512 patients.There was significant difference in mean dysphagia score between before and after stent placement (grade 3.4±0.6 vs grade 1.1±0.8,t=54.09,P＜0.01).After the placement,the overall incidence of complications was 14.5％ (74/512),of which there were 21 cases of severe retrosternal pain (4.1％),16 cases of bleeding (3.1 ％),29 cases of stent displacement (5.7％),six cases of food impaction (1.2％),two cases of fistula without completely blocked (0.4％).The survival period of 238 patients with complete follow-up ranged from 30 to 1445 days,the mean time was 218.9 days.Conclusion Endoscopic covered self-expanding metal stent placement may effectively relieve dysphagia symptoms in patients with malignant esophageal stricture.

Objective To explore the effect and the possible mechanisms of silent homo sapiens eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 2(EEF1A2)gene on the growth of pancreatic cancer cell in vivo.Methods The pancreatic cancer xenograft models in mice were established.The mice were equally divided into control group,negative control group and EEF1A2 group,which were injected with PBS,negative control siRNA and EEF1A2 siRNA into xenograft tumors respectively.The size and weight of tumors in each group were measured.The expression of EEF1A2 and PCNA in tumor tissue of each group was detected by immunohistochemistry.The cell apoptosis rate in tumor tissue of each group was determined by TUNEL.Results In xenograft nude mice models,since the 17th day of injection,the growth of tumor size in EEF1A2 group was obviously slower than that of negative control group and control group(all P＜0.05).By the end of the treatment,the tumors were cut off and weighted.The weight of tumors in EEF1A2 group(0.27g± 0.06g)were significantly lower than those of control group and negative control group(0.39g± 0.08g and 0.43g± 0.07g,P＜0.05).EEF1A2 mostly expressed in cytoplasm of pancreatic cancer cell.In negative control group and control group,the positive cells distributed densely and the positive rate was(72.58 ± 25.47)％ and (76.75±23.19)％ respectively.The distribution of positive cells in EEF1A2 group was scattered and the positive rate was(34.78±21.36)％,the difference was statisically significant(P＜0.01).The expression of PCNA at protein level in EEF1A2 group was significantly lower those that of control group and negative control group(P＜ 0.01).The result of TUNEL test indicated that the cell apoptosis rate in EEF1A2 group was higher than those of control group and negative control group (P＜0.01).Conclusions The EEF1A2 gene can be effectively silented in vivo,which significantly inhibits the growth of pancreatic cancer cell.It may be related with inhibition of cell proliferation and promotion cell apoptosis.

Aim To study the effect of As_2O_3(arsenic trioxide) on the expressions of telomeric repeat binding factor1,2 and telomeric stability of human gastric cancer MGC803 cells, and explore the mechanism of cell apoptosis. Method MGC803 cell growth inhibition was measured with MTT assay. Apoptosis was analyzed with flow cytometry. Influence on chromosome distal end was analyzed with chromosome end-end fusion analysis. Expressions of TRF1 and TRF2 were determined with Western blot analysis. Results MTT assay showed that As_2O_3 clearly inhibited the growth of MGC803 cells, depending on time and dosage. The apoptosis rates were significantly higher than those of the control group in a concentration and time-dependent manner. These changes were not found in the control group. After disposal with 5 ?mol?L -1 As_2O_3, chromosome fusion rate was obviously increased in 48 h. After 48 h of disposal with 5 ?mol?L -1 As_2O_3, the TRF1 of MGC803 cells was up-regulated while TRF2 was down-regulated. Conclusion As_2O_3 induced chromosome fusion and MGC803 cells apoptosis through up-regulating expressin of TRF1 and down-regulating expressin of TRF2.