"Correspondence between nature and human" is the basic thought of ancient Chinese philosophy. It had different meanings at different historical period. In Shang and Zhou dynasty, nature and human were combined together by sorcery; in Han dynasty, "qi" became the link of nature and human; and in Song and Ming dynasty, the link turned to the "Li".The concept of "correspondence between nature and human" improved the formation TCM theory and influenced its development for all the time.

Objective:To investigate the relationship of CXCR4,VEGF-C and SDF-1 in human laryngeal carcinoma and discuss the significance of the three indexs in lymph node metastasis.Methods:The expression of CXCR4,VEGF-C and SDF-1 was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and immuno-histochemical SP in 10 cases of adjacent normal tissue,45 cases of laryngeal carcinoma tissue and cervical lymph node tissue.Results:Not in the mRNA but the level of proteins,The positive rate of the expression of CXCR4 and VEGF-C were 78%,67%and 78%,71%in primary tumor cells,were altogether higher than that in adjacent normal tissue(P

Objective To develop a national reference for nucleic acid detection reagents of Yersinia pestis, so as to use it for the evaluation and quality control of Yersinia pestis nucleic acid detection reagents. Methods Five strains of Yersinia pestis[(EV strain, 0614F strain, otten strain, Tjiusidej(R) strain and Microtus vole 201 strain)] and 10 strains of negative bacteria(3 Yersinia enterocolitica strains, Brucella bovis 104M strain, Bacillus anthracis, Salmonella typhi, Francis tulage LVS strain,Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, Vibrio cholerae and Shigella) were cultured, harvested and inactivated. The stock solution of the reference was obtained and verified by ordinary PCR amplification, and a set of national references composed of 5 positive references, 10 negative references, 1 reference of minimum detection limit(EV strain positive reference was prepared by freeze-drying) and 1 repetitive reference(the same preparation method as the minimum detection limit reference) was prepared. Fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect the coincidence rate, uniformity and stability of the national reference products, and four laboratories were organized for collaborative calibration. Results After ordinary PCR amplification, the corresponding target gene bands were found in the stock solution of all the positive references, and no corresponding gene bands were amplified in the stock solution of negative references. The coincidence rates of the national references detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR were 100%. There was no significant difference in Ct values of 3a gene in 10 minimum detection limit references in three repeated detections(F = 1. 567, P = 0. 193). Compared with the references without freezing and thawing, there was no significant difference in Ct values of 3a gene of the minimum detection limit references and positive references after freezing and thawing for three times(t = 0. 416 and 0. 079, respectively, each P > 0. 05). Compared with the references without high temperature preservation, the Ct value of the minimum detection limit reference stored at37 ℃ for 5 d was significantly different(t = 7. 109, P = 0. 002), while there was no significant difference at 4 and 25 ℃(t = 0. 341and 0. 751, respectively, each P > 0. 05). The Ct values of positive references had no significant difference after preservation at 4, 25 and 37 ℃ for 5 d(t = 2. 442, 0. 373 and-0. 043, respectively, each P > 0. 05). The coincidence rates of positive and negative references in four laboratories were all 100%. The minimum detection limit of the minimum detection limit reference detected by two laboratories was 1 × 10~2/mL, and that by the other two laboratories was 1 × 10~3/mL. The CVs of the repetitive reference detection results in four laboratories were all less than 10. 0%. Conclusion This set of national reference for Yersinia pestis nucleic acid detection reagents developed in this study has good uniformity and freeze-thaw stability, and has good accelerated stability at 4 and 25 ℃, which can be used for the evaluation and quality control of Yersinia pestis nucleic acid detection reagents.

Gene-sequencing technique is the most important techniques in the research of modern molecular biology. After decades of development, it has been widely used in disease detection and monitoring due to its high throughput, fast speed and high accuracy. Therefore, the principle and development process of gene-sequencing technique were summarized in this paper, and the principle of gene-sequencing technique of the first generation, the second generation and the third generation and all kind of gene-sequencing equipment based on various principle of technique were systematic introduced in this paper. Besides, the paper also explored and discussed the selection and application of various kind of gene-sequencing equipment in the emergency and early warning monitoring for bacterial infectious disease. On the other hand, the paper also summarized and prospected the application and development of gene-sequencing technique in biology and biomedical research.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of combination of Beyond cold light whitening and fluoride-removing material bleaching system for treatment of dental fluorosis. Methods: Seventy-five patients with light, medium and heavy dental fluorosis were randomly divided into three groups. Twenty-five patients with 150 dental fluorosis from the experiment group were treated with Beyond cold light bleaching combined with fluoride-removing material;Twenty-five patients with 148 dental fluorosis from the control group one were treated with Beyond cold light bleaching. Twenty-five patients with 148 dental fluorosis from the control group two were treated with fluoride-removing material. The changes of teeth color were evaluated by Vita shade guide matching after treatment. Results: All of the light dental fluorosis in three groups had good lightening efficacy and 100% bleaching efficacy. The Shade value improvement and overall efficacy of observer group were better than the control groups for the medium and heavy fluorosis(P<0.05). Conclusion: Beyond cold light whitening combined with fluoride-removing material in bleaching is a good method for dental fluorosis bleaching.

The linear foot switch,which is the main control part of cataract ultrasonic emulsification system,has important effect on the overall performance of the system.In this paper,the development of a linear foot switch with optical encoder is introduced in such aspects as mechanical constitution,counting circuit and control software.This linear foot switch has many advantages including digital output,simple configuration,easy operation,sensitive response etc,and shows extensive prospects for clinical applications.

Objective To increase the speed of thermoacoustic imaging, a deconvolution reconstruction (DR) algorithm is proposed for small-scale need detecting living beings, on the basis of deconvolution of thermoacustic imaging algorithm. Methods A new function was firstly constructed from the detected acoustic pressure function. Then, the distribution of electromagnetic wave absorption coefficient of the need detecting living beings could be reconstructed from this new function based on the deconvolution method. Computer simulation studies were carried out to compare the DR algorithm with the two popular algorithms: the time-domain reconstruction (TDR) and the filtered back projection (FBP). Results For small-scale need detecting living beings, the accuracy of DR was nearly equivalent to TDR and slightly better than FBP. However, DR was about 4 to 6 times faster than TDR and about 25 to 100 times faster than FBP under the simulation experiment condition. Conclusion DR is a fast and effective algorithm of thermoacoustic imaging for small-scale living beings.

ObjectivesTo study the clinical characteristics, the risk factors and outcomes of arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) and hemorrhagic stroke (HS) in children.MethodsThe clinical data from 142 children with AIS or HS were retrospectively re-viewed and compared from Nov. 2010 to May 2014.ResultsIn these children, 92 cases (64.8%) was diagnosed of AIS, amont whom there were 60 males and 32 females and the onset age of stroke was 4.6±3.6 years (1 months to 16 years old), and 50 cases (35.2%) was diagnosed of HS, among whom there were 34 males and 16 females and the onset age of stroke was 2.6±3.7 years (1 months to 13 years old). The difference in age between two groups was statistically signiifcant (P=0.007). The most common presentation of AIS were focal neurological dysfunction including paralysis (73 cases, 79.3%), central facial palsy (30 cases, 32.6%) and speech impairment (19 cases, 20.7%). The most common presentation of HS were diffuse neurological dysfunction including dizziness (29 cases, 58.0%), nausea/vomiting (22 cases, 44.0%) and headache (14 cases, 28.0%). The major risk factors of AIS were arteriopathy (49 cases, 53.3%), infection (47 cases, 51.1%) and minor head injury (16 cases, 17.4%). The major risk factors of HS were vitamin K deifciency (22 cases, 44.0%), intracranial vascular anomalies (8 cases, 16.0%) and haematological disorders (6 cases, 12.0%). Five cases (6.4%) were died, 48 cases (61.5%) became disabled and 9 cases (11.5%) were relapsed in children with AIS while 15 cases (34.1%) were died, 19 cases (43.2%) became disabled in children with HS. The mortality was signiifcantly higher in children with HS than that in children with AIS (P<0.01).ConclusionsIn childhood stroke, HS occurs more frequently than is commonly appreciated and it has a poorer prognosis than AIS.

Barrett’s esophagus is associated with esophageal adenocarcinoma and cardia cancer,although it has no significant influence on individual’s expectation of life and the canceration rate is comparatively low. However,Barrett’s esophagus has big burden on the psychology and economy of patients. At present,there are still some debates about the diagnosis and management of Barrett ’s esophagus. American Gastroenterological Association, British Society of Gastroenterology and Chinese Society of Gastroenterology have updated their guidelines on Barrett’s esophagus. In this review,we introduced the updated progress in diagnosis and management of Barrett’s esophagus according to these three new guidelines,and compared the similarities and differences between these guidelines.

Objective To evaluate the prognostic value of enhanced CURB and CURB-65 score in patients with community acquired pneumonia.Methods A retrospective study was conducted among 555 patients with community-acquired pneumonia recruited.According to the patient's 28 day outcome, they were divided into effective group(n=510, 57 cured and 453 improved) and ineffective group(n=45, 30 did not improve and 15 died).The prognosis of the two groups was evaluated using the enhanced CURB and CURB-65 score, the sensitivity and specificity of the two scoring methods were compared.Results Compared with the ineffective group, the age, length of hospital stay and the prevalence of the complications of chronic diseases were significantly lower than the effective group(P<0.05).The score of enhanced CURB and CURB-65 of ineffective group were significantly higher than the effective group(P<0.05).The sensitivity of enhanced CURB score was significantly higher than that of CURB-65 (P<0.05) while its specificity was significantly lower than that of CURB-65(P<0.05).Conclusion The CURB and CURB-65 score in community acquired pneumonia can effectively assess the severity of the disease and thus guide the treatment of patients with community acquired pneumonia.