Objective: The antitumor mechanism of Pleurotes sapidus on 4 kinds of tumor cell lines was studied. The active components of its ethanol extracts were studied. Methods:Using techniques of cell culture in vitro, phytochemical methods, FACS and RT-PCR, expressions of p53 and fas gene of four tumor cell lines treated with Pleurotas sapidu were analysed. Results:The apoptosis rates were remarkably increased after treated by ethanol extracts (0.1g/ml) and water extracts (0.1g/ml) for 12 h and 24 h respectively. The expression of P53 protein in the groups of ethanol and water extracts were significantly increased, and the gene expressions of p53 and fas were aslo highly up-regulated. Conclusion:The antitumor effect of Pleurotas sapidus on tumor cell lines in vitro is evident, and its mechanisms are probably associated with the regulation of apoptosis by inducing the gene expressions related to apoptosis.

HOTTIP RNA is a type of long non-coding RNA, which is transcribed from the HOXA gene at its distal tip and coordinates the activation of 5'HOXA genes. Particularly, it regulates the expression of the neighboring HOXA 13 gene. Recently, emerging lines of evi-dence have suggested that increased expression of HOTTIP is observed in digestive system carcinomas, including esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinomas, pancreatic cancer, and colorectal cancer, and is closely associated with the initiation and pro-gression of cancer, and affects the survival and prognosis of cancer patients. Therefore, it is expected to be a diagnosis index marker, prognosis indicator, and a new therapeutic target for the relevant tumors. Here, we focus on the discovery of lncRNA HOTTIP, its mech-anism, and the latest developments in the research on HOTTIP in digestive system carcinomas.

Vine tea has been used as an herbal tea by several ethnic minorities for hundreds of years in China.Flavonoids,a kind of indispensable component in a variety of nutraceutical,pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications,are identified to be the major metabolites and bioactive ingredients in vine tea.Interest-ingly,vine tea exhibits a wide range of significant bioactivities including anti-oxidant,anti-inflammatory,anti-tumor,antidiabetic,neuroprotective and other activities,but no toxicity.These bioactivities,to some extent,enrich the understanding about the role of vine tea in disease prevention and therapy.The health benefits of vine tea,particularly dihydromyricetin and myricetin,are widely investigated.However,there is currently no comprehensive review available on vine tea.Therefore,this report summarizes the most recent studies investigating bioactive constituents,pharmacological effects and possible mechanisms of vine tea,which will provide a better understanding about the health benefits and preclinical assessment of novel application of vine tea.

miRNAs,as a class of endogenous small noncoding RNAs,have come to be a new treatment target for ischemic brain injury as many of them have been discovered to participate in multiple links of the injury.Autophagy,a catalysis process based on lysosomes,has become a current research hotspot because it has been found to participate in and regulate the pathological process of ischemic brain injury.As regulation of autophagy by miRNAs represents a new post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism,autophagy miRNAs after ischemic brain injury have attracted growing interest trom researchers worldwide.It is expected that the role of miRNAs in autophagy regulation can be clarified with the research progress and new therapeutic targets and directions can be found for the treatment of ischemic brain injury.This review gives a brief summary of the research progress conceming the role of miRNAs in regulating autophagy after ischemic brain injury,hoping the information may promote understanding of the important effects and potential therapeutic values of miRNAs-regulated autophagy in ischemic brain injury.

Objective To explore the regulatory effects of HTLV-1 ( human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 ) Tax protein on the expression of HMGB 1 ( high mobility group box 1 ) gene in T cells .Methods Total RNA and protein were extracted from Tax +-T cells ( TaxP ) , Tax--T cells ( TaxN ) and Jurkat cells which were stably transfected with pCMV-Tax and pCMV-Neo, respectively.Then, the expression levels of HMGB1 mRNA and protein in different CD 4+T cells were analyzed by real-time PCR and Western blot (WB).By using liposome-mediated method, pGL3-HMGB1-luc reporter genes and pGL3-neo-luc were tran-siently transfected into TaxP and TaxN cells and the basal transcriptional activity was observed in different T cells.Additionally, pCMV-Tax and pGL3-HMGB1-luc reporter genes were also co-transfected into Jurkat cells and the regulatory effects of Tax protein on HMGB 1 gene was detected .The chromatin immunoprecipi-tation (ChIP) assay was used to identify HMGB1 genomic sites directly targeted by Tax .Results The ex-pression levels of HMGB1 mRNA and protein in Tax+-T cells ( TaxP) were higher than those in Tax--T cells (TaxN).The transcription regulation trends for HMGB1 gene in TaxN and TaxP cells were similar but not identical in diverse T cells.pHLuc3 (containing -504-+83 HMGB1) showed the highest transcriptional ac-tivity of HMGB1 gene in both TaxP and TaxN cells , but HMGB1 transcriptional activity of pHLuc 6 in TaxP cells was significantly stronger than that in TaxN cells .Luciferase assays also showed that Tax protein promo-ted the transcription of HMGB1 gene in a dose-dependent manner .The ChIP assay further confirmed that Tax protein enriched at the HMGB1 region of -1163--1043.Conclusion The region of nt -504--383 is essen-tial for the basal promoter activity of -1163-+83 HMGB1 gene originated from pHLuc 6 reporter plasmid , and Tax protein enriched probably at the HMGB 1 site of -1163--1043 enhances HMGB1 transcription.

Objective:To compare the efficacy, recurrence rate and safety of a single intravitreal injection of ranibizumab between type 1 prethreshold and threshold retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted.A total 100 eyes from 51 ROP patients in Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University from January 2016 to December 2019 were enrolled.Retcam and indirect ophthalmoscope were used to confirm the diagnosis of 39 cases of type 1 prethreshold ROP (70 eyes) and 18 cases of threshold ROP (30 eyes). All the subjects were given a single intravitreal injection of ranibizumab (IVR) 0.25 mg/0.025 ml as the initial treatment within 24-36 hours after diagnosis.Events such as increased intraocular pressure, intraocular bleeding and endophthalmitis were observed and recorded 1 day after IVR.Retcam photography was used to check whether the fundus lesions was subsided 1 week after IVR.Regular follow-up was conducted once every 2-4 weeks until retinal vascularization.Systemic and ocular complications were recorded.The cure rate, the time of retinal vascularization and the recurrence rate of single IVR for type 1 prethreshold disease and threshold disease were compared.This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University.Results:After a single IVR, 86 of 100 eyes (86.00%) were cured, among which 60 of 70 type 1 prethreshold ROP eyes (85.71%) and 26 of 30 threshold ROP eyes (86.67%) were cured, with no significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=0.09, P=0.65). No systemic adverse reactions were observed after a single IVR treatment.The final retinal vascularization time was (11.86±8.60) weeks in the type 1 prethreshold ROP group and (14.45±10.01) weeks in the threshold ROP group, with no statistically significant difference between the two groups ( t=0.88, P=0.22). Recurrence of ROP appeared in 10 eyes after a single IVR, including 4 eyes (5.71%) in the type 1 prethreshold ROP group and 6 eyes (20.00%) in the threshold ROP group, the recurrent rate was significantly different between the two groups ( χ2=4.76, P=0.03). Six recurrent eyes were treated with IVR for the second time, and 4 recurrent eyes were treated with laser photocoagulation.Five eyes presented with preretinal hemorrhage after IVR treatment, and were recovered without intervention. Conclusions:The treatment of type 1 prethreshold ROP and threshold ROP with single IVR in vitreous cavity is safe and effective.The recurrence rate of threshold ROP is higher than type 1 prethreshold ROP.Retreatment can significantly improve the cure rate.

Parasitic infection has the characteristics of both endemic and infectious diseases, and its incidence is regional and has the attribute of transmission. Although the incidence of parasitic infection due to blood transfusion is low, it is still reported in developing countries and regions. With the development of society and economy, the travel of blood donors between different countries or regions increases, and the chances of blood recipients being exposed to parasitic infections also increase. Research on transfusion-transmitted parasites is limited compared to transfusion-transmitted viruses and bacteria. Serologic testing is not available in most countries to screen blood donors for transfusion-borne parasites such as Plasmodium, Babesia, Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania, Toxoplasma gondii and Microfilariae. In order to have a more comprehensive understanding of transfusion-transmitted parasites, this paper reviews the current situation of transfusion-transmitted parasites from the perspectives of epidemiological characteristics, detection techniques, and prevention and control methods of transfusion-transmitted parasites.

Objective:To explore any effect of repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on the upper limb motor function and cerebral cortex activation of stroke survivors.Methods:Sixty stroke survivors were randomly divided into an intervention group and a control group, each of 30. In addition to routine rehabilitation training (including drug therapy, comprehensive hemiplegic limb training and physical factor therapy), the intervention group received 15 minutes of rTMS daily, five days a week for 4 weeks while the control group was given false rTMS. Upper limb motor function was evaluated before and after the treatment using the Fugl Meyer upper limb motor function rating scale (FMA-UE). Functional near-infrared spectroscopy was used to detect and compare the activation (β values) of the prefrontal cortex, the motor cortex and the primary somatosensory cortex in the 2 groups. The correlation between the FMA-UE scores and the β values was quantified.Results:①There was no significant difference in the average FMA-UE scores between the two groups before the treatment. Afterward, though both groups′ average scores had increased significantly, there was significantly greater improvement in the treatment group. ②There was also no significant difference in average β value between the two groups before the experiment, but afterward the average βs of channels 27 and 13 in the intervention group were significantly higher than in the control group. Moreover, in patients with lesion in the left brain, the β-values of CH27 and CH13 were also significantly higher than the control group ( P<0.05). ③The FMA-UE scores of the intervention group were moderately correlated with the CH27 and CH13 β values, but those of the control group were only weakly correlated with the β values of CH27. Conclusion:Transcranial magnetic stimulation activates a lesioned left brain region, improving upper limb motor function. The improvement is correlated with the activation of the left prefrontal cortex and the left primary somatosensory cortex.

Objective:To explore the predictability cytokines in aqueous humor affecting optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) parameters after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment in patients with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV).Methods:A cross-sectional study was carried out.Twenty eyes of 20 patients with PCV were included in Xuzhou First People's Hospital from July 2017 to July 2020.All PCV eyes were treated by intravitreal injection of conbercept (IVC) following 3+ PRN regimen.One hundred μl of aqueous humor was collected before treatment and before the third injection, respectively.Thirteen kinds of cytokines in the aqueous humor were detected with Luminex bead-based multiplex array.The aqueous humor of 16 eyes of 16 cataract patients with age and gender matched were collected in the same way during phacoemulsification surgery as control.The values of center macular thickness (CMT), subretinal fluid height (SRFH), pigment epithelial detachment height (PEDH) and pigment epithelial detachment diameter (PEDD) of the eyes in the PCV group were examined with OCTA system.The target cytokines in aqueous humor affecting OCTA parameter change values (the difference between before and after treatment) was analyzed.This study protocol was approved by an Medical Ethic Committee of Xuzhou First People's Hospital (No.xyyll[2020]27) and complied with Declaration of Helsinki.Written informed consent was obtained from each patient prior to any medical invention.Results:The concentration of interleukin-8 (IL-8), Leptin, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), endothelin-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) were significantly higher in aqueous humor of the PCV group before treatment than those in the cataract group (all at P<0.05). After treatment, the concentration of VEGF-A in aqueous humor of the PCV group was significantly lower than that before treatment ( P<0.001). The values of CMT, SRFH, PEDH and PEDD were significantly reduced in comparison with before treatment, showing statistical significances (all at P<0.05). The concentration of VEGF-A in aqueous humor was positively correlated and endothelin-1 in aqueous humor was negatively correlated with the change value of CMT ( r=0.592, -0.485, both at P<0.05). The concentration of IL-8 and HGF were positively correlated with SRFH change value ( r=0.492, 0.466, both at P<0.05). VEGF-A and IL-8 concentraions of aqueous humor before treatment were the risk factor of the change value of CMT and SRFH.Every 1pg/ml increase of baseline VEGF-A, the CMT change value reduced 0.836 μm ( P=0.006), and every 1pg/ml increase of baseline IL-8, the SRFH change value reduced 12.522 μm ( P=0.028). Conclusions:The concentrations of VEGF-A and IL-8 in aqueous humor might predict the CMT and SRFH improvement in PCV eyes after anti-VEGF therapy.

Objective:To compare the clinical effects of minimally invasive vitreous surgery with and without anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs for polypoid choroidal vascular disease (PCV) complicated with vitreous hemorrhage.Methods:A cohort study was performed.Thirty-six consecutive cases (36 eyes) with PCV combined with vitreous hemorrhage who underwent 25G minimally invasive vitreous surgery in Xuzhou First People's Hospital from June 2015 to June 2020 were enrolled.According to surgical methods, the patients were divided into pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) group (24 eyes) receiving vitrectomy only and PPV+ anti-VEGF group (12 eyes) receiving vitrectomy first and intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF drugs one week after the operation.All patients were followed up for at least 6 months.The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central retinal thickness (CRT) of the two groups before treatment, 1 month after treatment and at the last follow-up were measured and compared.Postoperative complications such as recurrence of vitreous hemorrhage and macular scar formation were recorded.This study followed the Declaration of Helsinki and was reviewed and approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Xuzhou First People's Hospital (No.xyyll[2021]014).Written informed consent was obtained from each patient before surgery.Results:Statistically significant differences were found in BCVA between the two groups before and after treatment ( Fgroup=8.552, P=0.006; Ftime=31.775, P<0.001).The BCVA of the two groups at 1 month after operation and at the last follow-up were significantly improved in comparison with before treatment, and the BCVA at the last follow-up was significantly better than that at 1 month after operation (all at P<0.05).One month after operation and at the last follow-up, the BCVA of PPV+ anti-VEGF group was better than that of PPV group, showing statistically significant differences (both at P<0.05).Statistically significant differences were found in CRT between the two groups before and after treatment ( Fgroup=4.797, P=0.041; Ftime=295.764, P<0.001).One month after operation and at the last follow-up, the CRT of both groups was significantly improved in comparison with before treatment, and the CRT was significantly better at the last follow-up than 1 month after operation (both at P<0.05).The postoperative 1-month CRT of PPV+ anti-VEGF treatment group was lower than that of PPV group, with statistically significant difference ( P<0.05).No statistically significant difference was found in CRT between the two groups at the last follow-up ( P>0.05).Elevated intraocular pressure occurred in 2 eyes and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in 1 eye in PPV group, accounting for 8.33% and 4.17%, respectively.Cataract aggravated in 2 eyes in PPV+ anti-VEGF group.The incidence of vitreous rebleeding in PPV group and PPV+ anti-VEGF group was 16.67%(4/24) and 8.33%(1/12), respectively, with no significant difference ( P=0.646).The incidence of macular scarring in PPV group and PPV+ anti-VEGF group was 4.17%(1/24) and 33.3%(4/12), respectively, showing a statistically significant difference ( P=0.030). Conclusions:Minimally invasive vitreous surgery is a safe and effective way to treat PCV combined with vitreous hemorrhage.It can improve vision, reduce CRT, and the effect is gradually enhanced in the short term.Intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF drugs can enhance the postoperative effect of PPV and present better vision and anatomical structure of retina.