Objective To study the preparation of polylactic-co-glycolic acid(PLGA) nanoparticles carrying arsenic trioxide(As_(2)O_(3)).Methods Polymer PLGA was used to prepare arsenic trioxide nanoparticles with w/o/w double-emulsion evaporation technique,which was optimized by uniform design test.Results The shape of As_(2)O_(3)-loaded PLGA nanoparticle was round,the size was well-distributed,the mean diameter was 178.2 nm,the average encapsulation ratio reached 53.19%,and the average drug loading was 0.64%.Conclusion The technique to prepare nanoparticles is simple and the quality can be easily controlled.

Objective To investigate the difference of the morbidity rate of hypertension among patients with sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) in different stages, and the change in the blood levels of some vasoactive substances and their correlations with severity of SAS, in order to further explore the mechanism of hypertension caused by SAS. Methods 63 patients suspected to suffer from SAS were enrolled, and they were divided into normal, mild, moderate, and severe SAS groups according to respiratory disorder index (RDI) obtained by polysomnography (PSG) monitoring. The diagnosis of hypertension was made by the measurement of blood pressure and 24-hour dynamic measurement of blood pressure. Blood levels of angiotesnin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ), endothelin-1 (ET-1), throboxane B2 (TXB2), calcium gene related protein (CGRP), 6-keto-protagladin factor1?(6-keto-PGF1?) were determined with radioimmunoassay. Results The mobidity rate of hypertension was significantly higher in moderate and severe SAS group than that in the normal group (P0.05). Correlative analysis showed that the blood levels of Ang Ⅱ, ET-1, TXB2 were positively correlative to RDI (r=0.594, 0.523, 0.574, respectively, P0.05). Conclusion SAS is significantly related to the incidence of hypertension. Vasoactive substances with vasoconstrictive effect such as Ang Ⅱ, ET-1, TXB2 play an important role in the pathogenesis and development of hypertension in SAS patients than those with vasodilative effect such as CGRP and 6-keto-PGF1?.

To determine the effect of pulmonary lobectomy on myocardial blood supply and hemodynamics, 18 dogs were randomized into 3 groups. The dogs in group A and C were subjected to about 75% occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. One week later, dogs in group C were sacrificed by arterial bleeding, while dogs in group A and B underwent right upper pulmonary lobectomy, and extremity ECG, blood routine, blood gas, hemodynamics and morphological changes of the myocardium were examined. The results showed that pulmonary lobectomy could result in or worsen myocardial ischemia. There was significant decrease in PO 2 , SaO 2 ; and CI, and significant elevation of LVEDP, PCWP and MPAP. There were more elevation of LVEDP and less decrease in CI after lobectomy in group A compared with group B. It suggested that pulmonary lobectomy could intensify myocardial ischemi and indace hemodynamic disturbances by lowering PO 2 and SaO 2 , especially where there was coronary artery stenosis before the operation.

Objective To evaluate the results of patients operatively treated transverse plus posterior wall fractures of the acetabulum.Methods Review forty-five patients who had operated for transverse plus posterior wall fractures of the acetabulum 1 retrospectively with fracture displacement,from August 1993 to January 2005 in Department of Orthopaedics,Beijing Shunyi Hospital.The radiographs were graded according to the criteria described by Matta.The functional outcome was evaluated using a modification of the clinical grading system developed by Merle d'Aubigné and Postel.Result Forty-five patients were followed up 16 to 48 months with an average of 34 months.The radiographic result was excellent in seventeen patients,good in eighteen,fair in seven,and poor in four.The clinical outcome at the time of final follow- up was graded as excellent in fourteen patients,good in twenty- two,fair in eight,and poor in two.Conclusion Operative treatment for transverse plus posterior wall fractures of the acetabulum has a satisfying therapeutic effect.The appropriate operation time,reasonable operation approach,anatomic reduction and stable internal fixation is the key to obtain good results.

BACKGROUND: Bacterial cellulose, a new nanometer biomaterial, benefits the growth of skin tissue and limits the infection. It may provide advantageous conditions for the biomaterials dressing and temporary skin in the burnt patients and chronic ulcer patients. OBJECTIVE: To study the possibility of bacterial cellulose in the treatment of deep second-degree burn in rats. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: An observational experiment was perforemd at the Central Laboratory of Sixth People's Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University from June to November 2008. MATERIALS: M12 was used to produce non-soluble gel membrane when it was cultured for 6 days at a constant temperature of 30℃, and then the sample was boiled for 20 minutes in 0.1 mol/L NaOH solution. Ivory semitransparent bacterial cellulose was obtained following the removals of thallus in liquid membrane and residual culture medium. METHODS: Skin burn in a size of 2.0 cm×2.0 cm was made in bilateral sides of spinal cord on back with self-made wound meter. One side was treated with bacterial cellulose dressing and sutured, taking as experimental side. While the other side served as control side without dressing. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: At days 4, 7, 14, 21 and 28 after operation, the healing rate of skin burn in rats was calculated, and the skin wound and healing were observed under light microscope. RESULTS: All animals were alive normally without the presence of wound infection. Compared with control side, the wound healing rate of treated side significantly improved at day 21 after operation; there was no significant difference between the treated side and control side at other time points (P < 0.01). The histological results indicated that the pathological lesion and healing had no significant differences between the two sides. CONCLUSION: Bacterial cellulose can promote the healing of skin burn wound to a certain degree.

The effects of testosterone on the mitochondria Ca~(2+)—ATPase activity of uninfarcted ventricular septum following myocardial infarction (MI) was observed dynamically by using the experimental MI model in rat. The results showed that on l day after MI the mitochondria Ca~(2+)—ATPase activity of non—ischemic area was more higher than that of the normal control group (p

Objective To evaluate the feasibility, and clinical efficacy of combined interventional procedure (CIP) in composite cardiovascular diseases (CCD). Methods Twenty one consecutive patients were diagnosed as CCD before the procedures. The algorithm of CIP were individualized by the operators and physicians. The criteria for a successful procedure were defined before the operation. The counterplan for predictable complications was also established beforehand. The successful rate, short and long term efficacy, the incidence of complications and adverse reaction associated with contrast medium and X-ray were observed. All the patients were followed up through special out-patient clinic, telephone, or letters. Results Seven cases accepted electrophysiological testing(EPT) + radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA)+coronary angiogram (CAG)+percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)+stent implantation (SI). Four cases accepted CAG+PTCA+SI+EPT. Three cases accepted EPT+RFCA+CAG. Six cases accepted CAG+PTCA+SI+peripheral artery angiogram (PAG). One cases accepted pacemaker implantation (PI)+CAG+PTCA+SI+percutaneous transluminal septal myocardial ablation (PTSMA). The symptoms of arrhythmia disappeared or alleviater in 19 cases during hospiatalization. Arrhythmia recurred in 2 cases 12 hours after the procedure and accepted RFCA again. No severe complications and adverse reaction occured. The successful rate was 90.5 percent. Two cases suffered from recurrent angina during the follow-up period and one of them had in-stent restenosis proved by CAG and accepted PTCA+SI again. The other patient received medicine therapy. Conclusion Combined interventional procedure operated by experienced interventional cardiologist in a conditioned catheterization laboratory is safe and feasible. The short-term outcomes are satisfied. The long-term outcomes will be proved by accumulating more cases' data. Individualized approaches, counterplans for complications and cautious operation are important to a successful procedure.

Objective To analyze the survival rate and hospitalization information for 81 2 cases of very low birth weight (VLBW)and extremely low birth weight (ELBW)infants.Methods The retrospective study was con-ducted in a single center,Department of Neonatology,Hubei Women and Children Hospital,from January 2009 to De-cember 201 4,where the data of 81 2 infants with birth weight(BW)less than 1 500 g was analyzed in regard to perinatal condition,treatment and complications of these in relation to prognosis.Results (1 )A total of 621 cases(76.5%) had favorable prognosis.(2)There was a significant difference in the favorable prognosis rate between different BW groups (χ2 =28.87,P <0.05)and different gestational age(GA)groups (χ2 =1 4.77,P <0.05).The favorable prog-nosis rate for the male infants(χ2 =4.69,P <0.05),puerpera age between 1 7 -25 and 36 -46 years old (χ2 =1 1 .1 9, P <0.05),usage of prenatal hormones(χ2 =8.02,P <0.05),the infants without intrauterine infection (χ2 =8.61 ,P <0.05),the mother without gestational hypertension (χ2 =7.20,P <0.05)and gestational diabetes mellitus(χ2 =1 9.2, P <0.05)were different compared to the control groups.(3)Infants with peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) (χ2 =33.31 ,P <0.05)and recovery birth weight within 1 0 days(χ2 =29.65,P <0.05)had higher favorable prognosis rate compared to the control groups,which had significant differences.(4)Infants with intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH)(χ2 =1 3.1 6,P <0.05),respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)(χ2 =7.59,P <0.05),necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)(χ2 =1 3.02,P <0.05)and serious asphyxia (χ2 =6.05,P <0.05)had lower favorable prognosis rates than those did not,with significant differences.(5)Logistic analysis:the lower BW,smaller GA,earlier birth,unused PICC, serious asphyxia,IVH,RDS were risk factors for poor prognosis(all P <0.05).Conclusions The favorable prognosis rate of VLBW and ELBW infants has improved gradually,and is closely related to GA,BW,maternal age,perinatal care,prevention complication,treatment of disease and social factors etc.

Objective To observe the short-,mid-and long-term surgical complications of complex acetabular fractures treated by the Kocher-Langenbeck (K-L) approach combined with digastric trochanteric flip osteotomy (DTFO).Methods We reviewed the 40 cases of complex acetabular fracture that were treated at our department from December 2009 through December 2013.They were 34 men and 6 women,from 17 to 73 years of age (average,47.6 years).Of them,19 were treated by K-L approach combined with DTFO,including 17 males and 2 females,with a mean age of 44.7 ± 11.7 years.The other 21 controls were treated simply through the K-L approach,including 17 males and 4 females,with a mean age of 42.8 ± 14.4 years.The 2 groups were compared in terms of intraoperative results,postoperative outcomes and surgical complications like infection,sciatic nerve injury,heterotopic ossification,femoral avascular necrosis,and post-traumatic arthritis.Results The 40 cases were followed up for an average of 29.7 months (range,from 18 to 59 months).The operation time for the DTFO group (248.2 ± 123.2 min) was significantly shorter than that for the control group (276.1 ±50.6 min),the satisfactory reduction rate for the DTFO group (100.0％) was significantly higher than that for the control group (90.5％),the hip intorsion (19.7° ± 3.5°),hip extorsion (26.1° ±4.3°),and hip abduction (40.5° ±4.7°) at one year postoperation in the DTFO group were significantly superior to those in the control group (14.3°± 6.0°,21.0°± 7.2°,31.9°± 10.8°,respectively),and the hospital stay for the for the DTFO group (19.0 ±7.1 d) was significantly longer than that for the control group (13.6 ±4.9 d) (P ＜ 0.05).The intraoperative bleeding and transfusion for the DTFO group were insignificantly greater than those for the control group (P ＞ 0.05).Infection or iatrogenic sciatic nerve injury occurred in none of the patients.There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in terms of positive Trendelenburg test,hip function,heterotopic ossification,femoral avascular necrosis,or post-traumatic arthritis at the last follow-ups(P＞ 0.05).Conclusions In the surgical treatment of complex acetabular fractures,especially those involving the acetabular dome area and the femoral head,K-L approach combined with DTFO can obtain larger surgical exposure field,good fracture reduction and functional recovery,without obviously increasing surgical complications.This technique only slightly increases intraoperative bleeding and transfusion,and results in longer hospital stay.

Objective To evaluate the influence of patellar resurfacing and non-patellar resurfacing on the effect of total knee arthroplasty to provide the evidence-based basis for selecting the clinical treatment scheme.Methods The clinical randomized controlled trials(RCT)on the whether having patellar replacement in total knee arthroplasty were retrieved from the databases of Pubmed,Cochrane,Medline,Embase,CNKI and WanFang data.The screening was independently performed by two researchers according to the including and excluding criterion.The related data were extracted.The reoperation rate,knee joint pain score and knee joint score served as the measurement criteria.The RevMan 5.2 software was adopted to conduct the meta analysis.Results Fifteen literatures were included to analyze,involving 1 788 patients,among them 871 cases were in the patellar resurfacing group and 917 case sin the non-patellar resurfacing group.The reoperation rate in the patellar resurfacing group was significantly lower than that in the non-patellar resurfacing group(RR=0.50,95 ％CI:0.33-0.76;P =0.001),moreover the knee joint function was significantly improved(WMD=3.04,95％CI:0.41-5.67;P=0.02).However,the anterior knee joint pain(WMD=0.96,95％CI:-0.85-2.76;P=0.30)and knee joint score(RR=0.81,95 ％ CI:0.50-1.32;P =0.41) had no statistical difference between the two operation modes.Conclusion Conducting patellar resurfacing in total knee arthroplasty can reduce the reoperation risk and improves the postoperative knee joint function,but does not improve postoperative knee joint pain score and knee joint score