The performance and clinical application of the skull repair materials differ depending on their variety. Organic glass has ever been widely applied, but its biocompatibility is poor with the high infection rate of subcutaneous effusion; Bone cement is good at histocompatibility but bad at absorption, thus can be only used for parts of skull repair; Medical silica gel polyester grid is cheap and effective, however, local infection and material's expose occur, leading to unsatisfactory appearance; Titanium and Titanium-alloy, as one kind of high polymer materials, have achieved widely application on the clinical practice for repairing skull defects due to their good biocompatibility and physicochemical property, but many shortages are also observed. With the development of the society, patients require more and more, some insufficient materials for the repair have been abandoned, and the materials for repairing skull defects should be selected according to the individual condition. In this paper, various materials of the skull repair were compared concerning the property and clinical application, to search an optimal material for the skull repair, with the good biocompatibility and good clinical efficiency.

[Objective] To investigate the relevant factors of neonatal hemolysis, especial y the association between maternal health and neonatal hemolysis. [Methods]O and Rh positive pregnant women in late pregnancy in 497 cases, make physical identification, and track whether the newborn hemolysis. [Results] There were significant differences in different physical pregnant women in the postpartum hemolysis newborn during pregnancy, the partial repletion heat, phlegm dampness postpartum hemolytic disease of the newborn was a high incidence of pregnancy, the lowest incidence rate and quality of postpartum hemolytic disease of the newborn. [Conclusion]The constitution(partial phlegm, partial heat) pregnant women for health care, to achieve peace and reduce neonatal ABO hemolytic was significant.

Glypican-3 ( GPC3 ) plays very important role in the regulation of cell growth and differentiation in hepatocellular car-cinoma ( HCC ) . GPC3 is closely related to the occurrence and development of HCC. A dramatic elevation of GPC3 expression has been reported in a large proportion of HCC, which suggests that GPC3 is remarkably sensitive and specific to the diagnosis of HCC. GPC3 is a potential therapeutic target of HCC. This paper reviews the structure and function of GPC3, the progress of im-munotherapy based on GPC3 of HCC, and discusses the prospect of therapeutic target of liver cancer in the future.

Objective:To discuss the external factors causing medical equipment malfunction and the way to reduce it.Methods:Based on years of maintenance experience,this paper made an analysis from four aspects.Resuits:In order to keep medical equipment working normally,one should not only provide appropriate environment,steady power supply,good quality grounding,but also use and maintain the equipment correctly.Conclusion:Almost 80%of medical equipment failures are related to working condition,operation procedure service,power supply and grounding.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the knowledge about hand hygiene among the outpatients and then take some valid methods to enhance their understanding about hand hygiene.METHODS By randomly asking patients from two departments in a level A of the tertiary hospital,one was a digestion and the other was a non-digestion department question designed by ourselves.The data were generally described by percentage and ?2 test with SPSS 6.0.RESULTS All the patients had not enough and correct hand hygiene knowledge from both two groups.The patients from digestion department paid more attention on their hand hygiene than from non-digestion one.The most patients from both two groups thought they needed to know more about hand hygiene and hospital should equipped with some fast hands cleaning instruments.CONCLUSIONS It is a very important duty for nurses to explain and publicize more about general hygiene and show patients how to clean their hands in order to decrease hospital infection.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the traits and the related factors of the injured patients who had hospitalized in ICU in order to make the corresponding strategies and decrease the incidence of hospital infection effectively. METHODS The hospital infection and the associated factors of 384 cases in ICU from Jan 2006 to Dec 2007,including the patients age,injuried severity,interventional manipulation,emergency operation before or after admission to ICU,the length of stay in ICU and the use of tranquillizer were investigated. RESULTS Of 384 cases,156 cases occurred in patients with nosocomial infection,with the infection rate 40.6%,infection site or respiratory tract was accounted for 63.3%,followed by urinary tract,skin and soft tissue.Gram-negative bacteria,were accounted for 71.7%,followed by Gram-positive cocci(15.2%) and fungi(13.1%),the severe level of diseases,interventional manipulation,emergency operation,the use of tranquillizer,the length of stay in ICU were related to the hospital infection. CONCLUSIONS The key measures to preventing hospital infection are strengthening the care of the injured patients before admission to ICU,establishing the nursing regulations of the interventional manipulation,performing sterile manipulation strictly,and enhancing the monitoring and administration about environment to control the cross-infection.

Objective: To observe influence of sensation of uncertainty in illness on curative effect of two-week rehabilitation program in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods: A total of 85 AMI patients recently treated in our hospital were selected continuously. They received two-week rehabilitation program treatment and were assessed by Missals uncertainty in illness scale (MUIS). According to MUIS scores, AMI patients were divided into middle-high score group (74.8~117.4 scores, n=51) and low score group (32~74.7 scores, n=34), and they were compared with 43 patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) angina pectoris (CHD control group) received treatment in the same period. Results: Compared with CHD control group, there were significant increase in each dimension score and total score of MUIS [total score (60.61±12.42) scores vs. (78.34±15.20) scores]in AMI patients (P<0.05~0.01). The exercise peak heart rate of MUIS middle-high score group was significantly higher than that of low score group [(137.80±26.49) times/min vs. (126.12±20.51) times/min, P<0.01]. Compared with low score group, there were significant decrease in total scores of activity of daily living (ADL) scale [(84.15±16.38) scores vs. (73.92±14.21) scores] and the 36-item short-form general heath survey [SF-36, (45.22±6.86) scores vs. (37.95±6.43) scores], and significant increase in total score of symptom checklist (SCL)-90 [(138.35±36.47) scores vs. (151.87±42.61) scores], mean days in CCU [(2.53±0.26)d vs. (2.77±0.29)d], mean days on bed [(4.46±0.25)d vs. (5.38±1.22)d], mean hospital day [(20.48±3.16)d vs. (25.37±3.82)d] and mean inpatient fee [(39.1±8.2) thousand RMB vs. (45.7±9.3) thousand RMB] in middle-high score group, P<0.05~0.01. Conclusion: There is significant sensation of uncertainty in illness in patients with acute myocardial infarction, and it makes curative effect of two-week rehabilitation program significantly decrease.

This paper introduces the perioperative nursing of 47 patients undergoing intraperitoneal parastomal hernia repair.After the surgery,two cases suffered from incision infection and two cases with subcutaneous hydrops.Three patients suffered from chronic pain or foreign bodies sensation,which disappeared at 3-6 months later.No recurrence occurred at 6-24 months after the surgery.It is suggested that the key points of perioperative nursing were careful preoperative symptom care and bowel preparation,as well as postoperative observation and correct discharge instruction.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the determination of related substances in Pantoprazole sodium for injec-tions. METHODS:HPLC method was adopted. The determination was performed on Kromasil Hypersil ODS column with mobile phases consisting of 0.01 mol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer solution(pH adjusted to 7.0)-acetonitrile(gradient elution) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 290 nm,and the column temperature was 40 ℃,and injection volume was 20 μL. RESULTS:The linear ranges of impurity A,impurity B,impurity C+E,and impurity D were 0.4168-1.0420μg/mL(r=0.9998),0.1950-0.4875 μg/mL(r=0.9999),0.3890-0.9725 μg/mL(r=0.9998),0.1986-0.4965 μg/mL(r=0.9998), respectively. The limits of quantitation were 0.834,0.780,1.556,0.794 ng/mL;the limits of detection were 0.417,0.390,0.778, 0.397 ng/mL,respectively. RSD of precision test was lower than 1.0%;in repetitive test,RSD for total peak area of impurity was lower than 1.0% ;the recoveries were 98.81% -102.49%(RSD=1.18% ,n=9),95.31% -98.44%(RSD=0.91% ,n=9), 96.88%-98.44%(RSD=0.52%,n=9)and 97.87%-101.28%(RSD=1.05%,n=9). CONCLUSIONS:The method is convenient, accurate and suitable for the determination of related substance in Pantoprazole sodium for injection.

Objective To compare the effects of different composite resins as core material on the degree of microleakage in post-core repairation.Methods A total of 46 recently extracted single-rooted mandibular premolars were distributed into different groups according to different core material including ParaCore,AP-X and Ceramage.Then we used direct or indirect forming method to make post-core restorations.All of the specimens were submerged in dyes.Then,they were demineralized,dehydrated and processed to be transparent.The extent of the dye leakage was examined under a stereomicroscope.Results The microleakage value was significantly higher in Group of direct-mold-cement with ParaCore (4.94± 1.71)mm than in Group of indirect-mold-secondary-cement with ParaCore (0.91 ± 0.33) mm,Group of indirect-mold-secondary-cement with AP-X (0.87 ± 0.27) mm,and Group of indirect-mold-secondary-cement with Ceramage (1.02 ± 0.34)mm.Conclusion Different methods of building and cementing FRC post-core restorations,but not different composite resins as core material,have significant effects on the extent of microleakage in post-core repair.