BACKGROUND: What deserves exploration is the relationship between menstrual cycle phase and athletic ability of female athletes, especially the mechanism of athletic performance influenced by different menstrual cycle phases.OBJECTIVE: To compare the hormone level of different menstrual cycle phases and the changes of athletic performance as well as its effect on athletic performance.DESIGN: Single sample and single factor analysis.SETTING: Zhejiang Insftute of Sport Science; College of Education,Zhejiang University; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital.PARTICIPANTS: Specially designed menses card were distributed to all the female athletes in the gig team and track & field team in Zhejiang Province in 2000. Consecutive 3-month recording was made to investigate the status of menstrual cycle phases of female athletes. Twenty-five athletes with regular menses were chosen as subjects, among whom 12 were specialized in gig racing with the average age of 19 years and 13 were specialized in track & field events with the average age of 18 years. They all had more than 3-year training experience, 6 days a week and 4-6 hours a day. They were healthy, had regular menstrual cycle, and had not taken any drug which influences the menstrual cycle.METHODS: Blood samples of the testees were collected at hour 8-9 AM at follicular phase (days 6-10) and luteal phase (days 19-23). Full-automatic chemiluminescence immunoassay equipment was used to measure the level of estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), progesterone, and testosterone in serum. coefficient of variability in batch of reagent was ＜5%. Testees accomplished test of their athletic performance and the test of lactic acid 1 to 2 days after blood sample collection. Gig athletes performed 2000 m and 500 m full-strength pull with Concett Ⅱ boating ergometer while track & field athletes performed 100 m and 200 m full-speed running; the time needed was recorded. Gig athletes conducted 2000 m movements on the ergometer with the frequency of 26 times per minute. Track & field athletes carried out three times of 300-meter running with 90% of intensity with 3-minute intervals. Immediately after movements, the lactic acid value was measured following blood collection.Paired t test of the small sample study was used for significance detection.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The level of E2, FSH, LH, proges-terone and blood lactic acid in serum; 2000 m and 500 m performance of gig athletes as well as 100 m and 200 m performance of track & field athletes were measured by the ergometer.RESULTS: Twenty-five athletes accomplished detection of all the indexes and entered the result analysis. The level of FSL, progesterone and testosterone of gig athletes was higher at luteal phase than at follicular phase;however, E2 and LH level did not significantly differ. The level of progesterone and testosterone of track & field athletes was higher at luteal phase than at follicular phase; however, E2, FSH and LH level did not significantly differ. 500 m performance of gig athletes detected by the ergometer, and 100 m and 200 m full-speed running performance of track & field athletes at luteal phase were superior to those at follicular phase, but no significant difference was found in 2000 m performance of gig athletes. When the same loading was accomplished at follicular phase and luteal phase, the lactic acid value at luteal phase was significantly lower than that at follicular phase.CONCLUSION: Tested athletes at luteal phase have good functional status, which may be related to the changes of menstrual cycle hormone level and synergistic effect of various hormones under thes state of athletic movements. It suggests that sufficient attention should be paid to the menstrual cycle of female athletes.

Objective To explore and summarize the heart-shape anastomosis for hirschsprung′s disease .Methods Before the operation,the colon was cleaned thoroughly ,31 cases of this group (8 month-6 years old)underwent colonic pull-through and the dilated segment of colon was pulled out and resected.Normal colon and lower segment of rectum′s stomosis were stomosed as heart-shape (higher anterior and lower posterior).After replacing the colon and stomosis ,close the abdomen layer by layer.Results All 31 cases anus sphincter muscle were retained at most degree,so that retained their function of normal defecation .All 31 cases were healed and discharged, without one case with early complications as stomosis fistila,et al.No stomosis stenosis or other late period complication were found in 24 cases with long period follow-up.Conclusions Heart-shape stomosis is a good method for hirschsprung′s disease,especially fitful to the common type and short-segment type and long-segment type with diseased part in sigmoid colon .This method is easy,convenient,no special equipment was needed,easy to be publicized.

Objective To study the relationship between social support and quality of life in surgical patients with breast cancer. Methods Quality of life and social support status of 78 patients with breast cancer were evaluated by FACT-B and SSRS,and their correlation analysis was carried out Results The scores of emotional status and functional well - being in the aspact of life quality were lower (9.10±3.99,12.81 ±7.99) for patients with breast cancer, while total score of social support (36.93 ± 6.42) was higher than the average (34.56 ± 3.73). Life quality of breast cancer patients in terms of physiological condition, social/family status and emotional status were significantly positively related with total score of social support. Conclusions Social support was an important factor affecting the quality of life in breast cancer patients. Nurses should pay more attention to and make full use of social support resources of patients, in order to improve and enhance patients' quality of life through a variety of interventions.

Recently the combination of acupuncture with assisted reproductive technology (ART) to increase the outcomes of ART is being widely studied. In this article, the literatures concerning random controlled clinical trials since 2002 are reviewed and the designs of the trials, especially the timing of acupuncture, are evaluated. Over the past 5 years, the related clinical trials have primarily showed that acupuncture done immediately before and after embryo transfer might increase the assisted reproduction rates, but still requiring further high quality trials with large samples; in addition, different stimulation modes could produce different result, and so far there has not been a consensus as to the optimal time-point for the acupuncture intervention during the in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) course. Since the effects of acupuncture change with women's endocrine cycles, it is important and possible to make a breakthrough in ART outcomes if acupuncture is performed at a suitable time point during the cycle of IVF/ET combined with ART.

Objective To clarify insulin resistances and pancreatic ?-cell hypofunctions in cases with different glucose tolerance. Methods 5523 Chinese underwent OGTT and were classified into normal glucose tolerance (NGT), isolated impaired fasting glucose (IFG), isolated impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), IFG with IGT (IFG+IGT) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) groups based on OGTT results. HOMA-IR, HOMA-?△I30/△G30and AUCI of different groups were statistically analyzed by SPSS12.0. Results Compared to NGT group, HOMA-IR was increased by 41%, 19%, 47% and 69% respectively in IFG, IGT, IFG+IGT and T2DM groups (all P

Through approaching the mixed ability training of clinical post-graduates, the following conclusions were drawn: necessity to take turns in the clinical specialties, establishment of its program, the details and contents were pointed out, meanwhile, it is necessary to guarantee progression of the plan and its training effects, and to improve the cultivation quality.

Through developing resident standardization training,we established programs of resident standardization training,defined training aims,standardized training items,and established guarantee system,evaluation system,quality-monitoring system and encouragement system,which guaranteed the quality of residency training,and acquired satisfactory effects.

ObjectiveTo observe the effects of all-transretinoic acid (ATRA) on cell apoptosis and p53 expression in rabbits' carotid atherosclerosis. Methods40 New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided 4 groups: normal group (NOR), control group (CON), surgery group (SUR) and treat group (TRE). Each group was fed with high cholesterol forage. The SUR and TRE groups were made up carotid atherosclerotic model by air desiccation injury after 2 weeks. The TRE group was fed with ATRA before surgery. On the 2nd and 4th week after operation, the target vessel was taken out. The intima hyperplasia was observed by microscopy through HE staining. Cell apoptosis was determined by TUNEL staining and p53 was observed by immunohistochemistry staining. ResultsOn the 4th week, the area of neointima in SUR, TRE and CON were (0.389±0.021) mm2, (0.113±0.038) mm2, (0.069±0.016) mm2 (P<0.01). The positive cells rate of TUNEL (8.40±0.45)% and p53 (3.02±0.38)% in TRE were higher than those of SUR (8.59±0.42)% and (2.23±0.29)%, respectively (P<0.01). ConclusionATRA may induce cell apoptosis in atherosclerotic plaque and inhibit the proliferation of intima associated with p53 in vessel injury.

Objective To study the effect of labeling esophageal carcinoma with sliver clips on two sides by esophagoscopy in mapping the target for conformal radiotherapy (CRT). Methods Eighty patients with esophageal carcinoma (28 patients in early stage, 52 patients in late stage), who were eligible for CRT, were collected and the tumor volume was detected by three methods: CT (A),CT combined with X-ray (B) and CT combined with sliver clip labeling by esophagoscopy (C). The differences of the tumor length and position in head-foot site (Y-axsis) among three methods were compared. Results The comparison of average length of tumor in early stage patients showed significant difference among three methods in all types of tumor (F= 4.07 ～ 7.43, P＜0.05 ) except papillary type (F= 1. 71, P＞0. 05). There was difference (ranged from 0. 5 cm to 2. 0 cm) in detection of position in head-foot site between A and B methods and C method. Significant difference was found in determining the displacement on head-foot site among three methods (F = 34. 36 ～193.50,P ＜0.01). The comparison of average length of tumor in middle or terminal stage patients showed significant difference among three methods in all types of tumor (F=4. 07～30.10 ,P＜0.05) except mushroom type (F = 2.44, P＞ 0. 05). Significant difference was found in determining the displacement on head-foot site among three methods (F= 12.00 ～ 21.16, P ＜ 0. 01 ). Conclusion These findings indicate that C method is more sensitive and correct in mapping the target for CRT in comparison with other two methods.