Objective:To study the expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme(ACE),extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK),and the changes of atrial fibrosis in patients with rheumatic heart disease(RHD) and atrial fibrillation(AF) treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor(ACEI).Methods:Atrial tissues were obtained from the right appendage during open surgery in 35 patients with RHD.The mRNA of ACE and ERK2 were semi-qualified by reverse transcription-ploymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and normalized to the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GAPDH).Western blotting analysis was employed to examine the expressions of ACE and phosphorylated ERK(pERK).Atrial collagen volume fraction(CVF) was detected by Masson's stain.Results:The mRNA of ACE and ERK2 or the protein of ACE and pERK were significantly increased,and CVF was significantly increased in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation(CAF) compared with sinus rhythm group(SR)( P 0.05).Conclusion:The expressions of ACE,ERK2 and pERK increase,and fibrosis is more severe in RHD patients with CAF as compared with those with SR.Compared with CAF patients treated without ACEI,the expressions of ERK2 and pERK significantly decrease( P 0.05)in CAF patients treated with ACEI.This suggests that the increasing expression of ERK2 and pERK resulting from local renal angiotensin-converting enzyme system activation mediates the development of atrial fibrosis,and ACEI may contribute to lesser atrial fibrosis in RHD patients with AF.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive disorder characterized by abnormally elevated blood pressure of the pulmonary circulation. PH progresses rapidly to right ventricular (RV) failure and even death without treatment. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is an accurate and reproducible tool for the assessment of RV morphology and function, which plays an important role in the prognosis of patients with PH. The aim of this study is to review the clinical application and research progress of CMR in evaluation of PH.

According to the sera aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4), neuromyelitis optica (NMO) can be classified into two types as AQP4 antibody positive (AQP4+) and negative (AQP4-). However, the NMO patients with AQP4- are prone to delayed treatment, and may have a different pathogenesis compared to that in patients with AQP4+. Scientific researches and the clinical trials on NMO with AQP4- will deepen the understanding of NMO pathogenesis and help to make an early accurate diagnosis and rational therapy for NMO with AQP4-. This review aims to summarize the progress in clinic diagnosis for NMO patients with AQP4-.

The acupuncture medical literature during the Republic of China is divided into four categories, including theoretical literature, acupuncture channels and acupoints drawing literature, translations, and teaching materials and medical cases. It is found that the theoretical literature focuses on inheriting the traditional theories as well as combining traditional Chinese and Western medicine. The drawings are becoming more and more precise, and in these drawing works anatomy begins to appear at that time. Translations are the achievements of communication between TCM and Western medicine, which promote the scientization of acupuncture greatly. Teaching materials are also influenced by Western medicine, presenting a rough frame of modern acupuncture disciplinary system. As important clinic data, medical cases have great clinical value. Overall, acupuncture medical literature during the Republic of China is widely published, which is influenced greatly by the Western medicine and presents a significant tendency of scientization.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; Books ; history ; China ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Translations

Acupuncture scientization was a consensus of most of acupuncture scholars who had long-term perspectives in the 20th century, among them Ms. ZHULian was the important one. Ms. ZHU Lian built a systemic new acupuncture" academic structure in practice and theory aspects. At the same time, as the main architect of Institute of Acupuncture-moxibustion of China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ms. ZHU Lian was the first one who began to carry out the acupuncture clinical trail and laboratory experiment in modern way, which meant "acupuncture therapy" was transformed into "acupuncture science" by Ms. ZHULian's endeavor.
Acupuncture ; education ; history ; standards ; Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; methods ; standards ; China ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Science ; history

The concept of seven emotions evolves dynamically around the concept of the nature, emotion and desire. This paper genetically expounds the literal origins of nature (Xing), emotion (Qing) and desire (Yu) and their connotations and inter-relationships.It also points out the roles that heart (Xin) and external material (Wu) play in the evolution of the concept of emotion, of which is significant to the understanding of the scientific connotation of the seven emotions in traditional Chinese medicine.

Objective To study the effects of irbesartan and amlodipine on blood pressure variability (BPV) by observation of irbesartan and amlodipine in treatment of essential hypertension before and after the change of blood pressure.Methods 119 hypertensive patients were randomly divided into group A and group B according to age,sex, blood pressure,left ventricular mass index.60 patients were treated with irbesartan (group A),and another 59 patients were treated with amlodipine(group B).Liver and kidney function,blood glucose,cholesterol,low density lipoprotein,24h systolic blood pressure variation coefficient (24SCV),coefficient of variation of daytime systolic (dSCV),night systolic blood pressure variability index (nSCV),24h diastolic blood pressure coefficient of variation (24DCV),day-time diastolic blood pressure variability (dDCV),nocturnal diastolic blood pressure variation coefficient (nDCV),left ventricular mass index (LVMI),urine micro albumin,carotid intima -media thickness (IMT)level were examined at the 24th week of the therapy.Results (1 )The levels of 24h SCV,dSCV,nSCV after treatment were significantly lower than before treatment both in group A and group B (group A:24hSCV t =4.42;dSCV t =3.46;nSCV t =4.70, group B:24hSCV t =3.93;dSCV t =2.38;nSCV t =5.00,all P <0.01).Comparison of BPV between group A and group B after treatment,the 24hSCV,dSCV,nSCV of group A were lower than those of group B(24hSCV t =3.16;dSCV t =2.95,;nSCV t =2.26,all P <0.05).(2)The levels of 24hDCV,dDCV,nDCV after treatment were signifi-cantly lower than before treatment both in group A and group B(group A:24hDCV t =9.96;dDCV t =3.31;nDCV t =5.93,all P <0.01;group B:24hDCV t =5.38;dDCV t =2.19;nDCV t =5.76,all P <0.01).Comparison of BPV between group A and group B after treatment,24hDCV,dDCV,nDCV of group A were lower than those of group B (24hDCV t =2.42;dDCV t =1.44;nDCV t =2.45,all P <0.05).(3)The level of LVMI after treatment was signifi-cantly lower than before treatment both in group A and group B (group A:t =8.11,P <0.01;group B:t =7.28,all P <0.01).Comparison of LVMI between group A and group B after treatment,the LVMI of group A was lower than that of group B(t =3.75,P <0.01).(4)The level of urine micro albumin after treatment was significantly lower than before treatment both in group A and group B (group A:t =25.04;group B t =11.59,all P <0.01).Comparison of urine micro albumin between group A and group B after treatment,the level of group A was lower than that of group B (t =8.23,P <0.01).(5)The level of IMT after treatment was significantly lower than before treatment both in group A and group B (group A:t =5.58;group B t =4.10,all P <0.01).Comparison of IMT between group A and group B after treatment,the level of group A was lower than that of group B(t =1.98,P <0.05).Conclusion Irbesartan and amlodipine both can effectively reduce blood pressure and BPV.They both can protection of target organs in patients with hypertension.Irbesartan is better than amlodipine.

ObjectiveTo evaluate a new cross-linking reagent—polyepoxy compound(PC)in vivo. MethodsTo reconstruct abdominal aota with jugular homografts of SD rats (diameter 0.8～1.1mm) pret4reated by glycero polyglycidyl ether(a kind of PC) or glutaraldehyde(GA). Grafts were explanted at different elapsed time, and their histological changes were studied. ResultsThere was no difference between the patencies of the PC and GA prepared homografts ( P >0.05), but the inci-dence of aneurysms in GA is higher than that in PC group ( P < 0.05). The healing procedures of endothelial cells in two experimental groups were basically same at the end of second month after transplantation. The endothelial cells cover the whole inner wall of the grafts. ConclusionCompaired PC graft with GA graft, it shows that PC are more unbreakable and compliant, lower rate of aneurysms and less calcification. PC might be a potential vessel-crosslink-reagent.

An old educational mode is conducted in the teaching and research section for a long time,which is not in conformity with the development of higher education.It is urgent to strengthen the administration reform of the teaching and research section.It is significant in improving educational quality for a college to make the assessment of the educational level,and these activities promoted the management level of the teaching and research section.

AIM: To study the regular change of scutellarin in Erigeron mul tiradiatus (Wall.) Benth, from different areas, different seasons and differ ent parts of plant by means of RP-HPLC. METHODS: The herbs of Erigeron multira diatus were extracted with CH 3OH-H 2O(1∶1) wixture, The sa mples were separated on an ODS column with the mobile phase CH 3OH-H 2O-HAC(39∶61∶0.6). The flow rate was 0.8ml/min, the detection wavelen gth was set at 335nm and the temperature was at 35℃. RESULTS: The determination of scultellarin was different from diffe rent areas and different seasons, Scutellarin content of terraneous including stem、leaf and flower was higher than that of subterraneous root. CONCLUSION: Variation in Erigeron multiradiatus was influenced by the combined effects of genotype and ecological conditions.