Objective Better drying methods of Forsythia suspense leaves was studied to provide some basis for the development and utilization of Forsythia suspense leaves. Methods A RP-HPLC method was used on XTerraTMRP8 (3.9 mm?150 mm, 5 ?m) column with acetonitrile-0.1% acetic acid solution (12 : 88) as mobile phase for forsythoside. The detection wavelength of forsythoside was at 328 nm and detection temperature was 30 ℃. Results The contents of forsythoside was higher when dry, microwave drying, absorbent paper drying, steaming 2～10 min, cooking 2～10 min was used to deal with Forsythia suspense leaves. The contents of forsythoside was lower when dried, drying, infrared drying, vacuum drying was used to deal with Forsythia suspense leaves. Conclusion Steaming 2～10 min, cooking 2～ 10 min is more appropriate for drying of Forsythia suspense leaves, when factors of the contents of forsythoside, the cost and ease of operation were considerd.

The maxillary sinus is the largest paranasal sinuses. Foreign bodies of nosal sinus can caused by car accidents, firearm attacks, or iatrogeniccause. We reported two rare cases of foreign body of pulp needle and loach. The clinical manifestations might include facial numbness, facial paresthesia, swelling, nasal congestion, facial pain, eye discomfort, limited mouth opening and relapse and etc. Both CT scan and the medical history were helpful in diagnosis. Functional endoscopic surgery would be the first choice of treatment.
Chronic Disease ; Endoscopy ; Facial Pain ; Foreign Bodies ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Maxillary Sinus ; pathology ; Paranasal Sinus Diseases ; etiology ; pathology ; Paresthesia ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective To improve the understanding and diagnosis of pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis (PLAM) by the comprehensive review of domestic literatures in the past ten years.Methods Three new cases with PLAM were reported and integraed with other 45 cases reported domestically in the past ten years for analysis of their clinical features.Results The newly reported three cases of PLAM were all women at child-bearing age, with initial symptom of dyspnea after activity. Two of them complicated with extra-pulmonary PLAM. All the three cases were free of chylous effusion. Forty-seven of 48 cases with PLAM were pathologically diagnozed, with ages of onset of 5~69 (mean?s of 34?10) years. Their clinical manifestations were mainly respiratory, including dyspnoea (95.8%), haemoptysis (52.1%), pneumothorax (45.8%), chylous effusion (33.3%),cough (31.3%) and chest pain (12.5%). Abnormal manifestations in abdomen, including renal mass, retroperitoneal mass and retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy, were detected in 16 cases. Thirty-nine cases had their high-resolution CT (HRCT) examined and appearance of multiple cysts distributed throughout the bilateral lung fields could be discerned in 38 of them. Obstructive ventilation disturbance could be observed in 23 of 30 cases with the data or conclusions on pulmonary function tests, and mixed ventilation disturbance in seven cases. Respiratory failure was complicated in 17 of 28 cases with the data of arterial blood gas analyses.Conclusions HRCT had confirmative value for diagnosis of PLAM. In practice, HRCT, as well as other routine abdominal and pelvic imaging examinations, should be performed in time for child-bearing-age women with progressive dyspnoea, haemoptysis, or spontaneous pneumothorax, to detect if they complicate with PLAM.

Objective: To investigate the protective factors and risk factors of nosocomial infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) among health care workers (HCWs) , and thus provide the scientific basis for prevention and control of nosocomial infection. Methods: With the case-control study,a standardized questionnaire was used for data collection in three general hospitals where nosocomial infection had occurred. Univariate analysis was done at first. All concerned factors about SARS infection were scanned by using Chi-square test and Fisher' s exact test one by one, and determined as to whether they were risk factors or protective factors according to odd ratio (OR) score. Then, multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to re-analyze the picked-out factors for finding out which factors played independent roles. Results: Twenty-two factors (nineteen protective factors and three risk factors), among the total fifty-six factors, were significantly associated with SARS infection. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression revealed that factors such as double exposure suits ( OR = 0.053 ), education ( OR =0.072), gloves ( OR =0.102), hands sterilized by iodine ( OR =0.231 ), room air ventilation (OR = 0.32), were significantly protective; conversely, tracheal intubation ( OR = 30.793 ) was a significant risk factor. Conclusion: Strict defense and antisepsis measures were pivotal in preventing SARS infection among high-risk medical personnel. Education about associated knowledge and effective air ventilation were also important factors.

Objective To investigate the micro -channel percutaneous nephrolithotomy under ultrasound guidance in clinical studies of renal calculi in non -dilated collecting system.Methods Clinical data of 126 patients with renal calculi in non -dilated collecting system treated by ultrasound -guided percutaneous nephrolithotomy microchannel were retrospectively analyzed.Ureteroscopy up to the renal pelvis or ureter segment,zebra guide wire was placed along the guide wire indwelling ureteral catheter end connected to the blood transfusion needle while external saline suspension 100cm.Ultrasound -guided puncture target cup,established 16 -18F channel percutaneous nephro-lithotomy,ureteroscopy downlink percutaneous nephrolithotomy lithotripsy.The clinical data of operation time,stone clearance rate,blood loss,complications were analyzed.Results 124 patients with successful puncture,puncture fail-ure in two patients,conversion to open surgery.118 cases of successful implementation of a single -channel stone, nine cases of postoperative residual stones was found,again two stone surgery in 6 cases,3 cases refused surgery again;six cases were due to stones larger load,operation time exceeded 2h,to 2 stage of stone surgery in 4 cases, 2 cases changed to standard channel.Operation time was 30 -150min,average 78min.A stone clearance rate was 87.3%,summarize stone clearance rate was 95.2%(118 /124).Postoperative hemoglobin level decreased to (16.0 ± 7.6)g/L,7 patients with postoperative bleeding more blood transfusion 400 -800mL,none embolization.4 cases of postoperative fever,septic shock in 1 case,1 case of pneumothorax.Conclusion The micro -channel percutaneous nephrolithotomy under ultrasound guidance in the treatment of renal calculi in non -dilated collecting system is safe and feasible,it is the preferred method of treating renal calculi in non -dilated collecting system.

Objective To construct a cDNA expression library from unfed female tick Haemaphysalis longicornis for screening and cloning potential antigenic genes.Methods Total RNA was isolated from unfed female ticks,mRNA was purified and a library of oligo(dT)-primed cDNA with added directional EcoR Ⅰ/Hind Ⅲ linkers was constructed from the purified mRNA.The constructed cDNA was ligated to the EcoRⅠ/HindⅢ arms of the ?SCREEN vector.Pure phage stocks were harvested by plaque purification and converted to plasmid subclones by plating phage on host strain BM25.8.Recombinant plasmids that were subcloned to E.coli BM25.8 were isolated and transformed into E.coli JM109.Recombinant plasmids abstracted from JM109 were identified by PCR and sequencing.Rusults The recombinant phage DNA was packaged by using phage-marker packaging extracts,resulting in a primary cDNA library with a size of 1.8?106 pfu.Data showed 100% of the library were recombinant and the titer of the amplified library was 2.4?109 pfu/ml.Forty-two clones of encoding immunodominant antigens were obtained from the cDNA library.Sequence analysis revealed 12 unique cDNA sequences and the encoded putative proteins showed similarities to H.longicornis tropomyosin mRNA,Rhipicephalus annulatus unknown larval protein mRNA,chromosome 2R of Drosophila melanogaster,mitochondrial DNA of H.flava,clones HqL09 unkown mRNA and Hq05 mRNA of H.qinghaiensis,and myosin alkali light chain protein mRNA.Conclusion The cDNA expression library from unfed female H.longicornis was successfully constructed and screening of protective genes may provide candidate antigens of the tick.

Aim:To compare the effect of cilazapril and metoprolol on the compliance o f brachial artery in essential hypertension(EH). Methods:Compliance of brachial artery was determined by Pulsed Doppl er techniques. Brachial artery diameter(Dd),flow velocity(Vm),volumic blood flow (Q) and the distensibility(Dis) increased markedly,the resistance(R) used as the indexes of compliance of brachial artery. Results:Sixty seven EH were divided into two groups(A,B) random ly. Group A were treated with Cilazaril,Group B with Metoprolol. Aft er 6 months treatment, BP in all the patients decreased. In Group A,the Dd,Vm,Q and Dis increased markedly,but R of brachial artery decreased obviously. In group B,no obvious changes of branchial artery were found. Conclusion:Cilazapril may improve the compliance of brachial artery partially.

Objective To compare the efficacy of three endoscopic surgery in impacted upper ureteral calculi treatment.Methods 218 patients with impacted upper ureteral calculi were treated with minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy (MPCNL),transurethral ureteroscope lithotripsy(URL)and retroperitoneal laparoscopic urerolithotomy (RLU)respectively.The operation safety,efficacy and complication were compared in the three groups.Results In the MPCNL group,URL group,RLU group one success rate of lithotripsy were 100.00%,85.19%,100.00% respec-tively.The mean operative time were (76.35 ±16.20)min,(46.26 ±15.30)min,(89.20 ±19.60)min respectively. Decreased hemoglobin values were (22.24 ±8.63)g/L,(4.15 ±1.89)g/L,(10.68 ±4.55)g/L respectively.The stone -free rates of one month postoperation were 96.32%,79.59%,100.00%.Length of hospital stay were (8.56 ± 2.13)d,(6.58 ±1.76)d,(9.79 ±2.14)d,respectively,the differences were statistically significant(t/χ2 =36.916, 27.629,all P <0.05).Conclusion MPCNL and URL for impacted upper ureteral calculi is safety and has good efficacy and less complications,but the MPCNL is recommended the first choice,some cases can try URL.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical characteristics of nasopharyngeal teratomas (NPT), improve the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. METHOD: We reported a 14 years old girl with NPT, and reviewed the literatures. RESULT: NPT was transorally expected under nasal endoscope, no recurrence was found over a 5 year follow-up. CONCLUSION NPT is rare,the diagnosis of the disease relies on clinical manifestations, imaging and pathological examination. Transoral endoscopic surgery is an effective method of treatment.
Adolescent ; Female ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; Teratoma

Objective To investigate the expression of proline rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2) in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer,and analyze its correlation to clinicopathologic features and prognosis of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.Methods 114 surgical specimens and 50 normal bladder mucosa specimens were collected from 114 non-muscle invasive bladder cancer patients who underwent TURBT at our hospital,from June 2013 to March 2018.Of the 114 patients,63 were male and 51 were female,aged 42-87 years,average age of (63.6 ± 13.8) years,73 cases of tumor ＜3 cm,41 cases of tumor ≥3 cm,83 cases were single and 31 cases were multiple tumor,53 cases were high grade and 61 cases were low grade,59 cases were Ta and 55 cases were T1 stage.Pyk2 protein expression was detected by immunohistochemistry and western blot.The correlation of the expression of Pyk2 with clinicopathologic features,including gender,age,tumor size,the number of tumors,histological grade and clinical stage were analyzed.Survival analysis was calculated by using the Kaplan-Meier method,and the difference in survival curve was analyzed by using the log-rank test.Association of Pyk2 expression with prognosis of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer analyzed by using the Cox proportional hazards regression model.Results Compared with normal bladder tissues,expression of Pyk2 protein was increased in bladder cancer tissue significantly(0.571 ±0.230 vs.0.253 ± 0.152,P ＜0.01).The expression of Pyk2 protein was closely related to clinical stage(P =0.027) and grade(P =0.010),rather than gender (P =0.275),age (P =0.419),tumor size (P =0.317),and tumor number(P =0.208).The recurrence rate in the Pyk2 positive group and negative group were 46.1％ (35/76)and 28.9％ (11/38)respectively.The progression rate in the Pyk2 positive group and negative group were 35.5％ (27/76) and 10.5 ％ (4/38) respectively.Survival analysis suggested expression of Pyk2 in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer had a significant relation to recurrence-free survival rate(P ＜0.001) and progression-free survival rate(P =0.003).In the multivariable Cox analysis,we found that Pyk2 protein was an independent predictor of recurrence-free survival rate(HR 0.245,95％ CI 0.078-0.768,P =0.016) and progression-free survival rate (HR 0.095,95％ CI 0.012-0.764,P =0.027).Conclusions The expression of Pyk2 in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer was significantly increased.The expression of Pyk2 has a significant relation to recurrence and progression of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.High Pyk2 expression is an independent prognostic factor in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.