Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Genes, ras ; genetics ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; methods ; Mutation ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; ras Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism

Administration, Oral ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; adverse effects ; Female ; Hematuria ; chemically induced ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Sulfonamides ; adverse effects

Objective To investigate the expression of neurotrophic tyresine kinase receptor TrkB in the eutopic and ectopic endometium of women with endometriosis and evaluate the role of TrkB in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Methods Seventeen women with endometriosis and 9 controls were studied. Expression of TrkB was investigated using RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and Western blot, respectively. Results TrkB mRNA was expressed in eutopic endometrium in secretory phase and ectopic endometium of women with endometriosis, (23.51±0.51)% vs (35.29±0.67) % (P<0.05), but TrkB mRNA expression was not detected in control endometrium and eutopic endometrium in proliferative stage of women with endometriosis by RT-PCR. TrkB was expressed both on membrane (glycosylated receptor) and in cytoplasm (non-glycosylated receptor) of the glandular epithelial cells of ectopic endometium, and more often observed in cytoplasm of glandular epithelial cells of eutopic endometrium in secretory phase of women with endometriosis by IHC. In eutopic endometrium in secretory phase and ectopic endometium of women with endometriosis, the expression of TrkB protein was (0.12±0.02)% vs (0.37±0.01)% (P<0.05) by Western blot. Conclusions There is an overexpression of TrkB in eutopic endometrium in secretory phase and ectopic endometium of women with endometriosis. Full-length (glycosylated receptor) TrkB more often is overexpressed in ectopic endometium of women with endometriosis, and TrkB may act as a pathogenic role in formation of endometriosis.

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is found to express at high levels in a variety of solid tumors including gliomas. This study was to examine the effect of an EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (AG1478) alone or in combination with cisplatin (CDDP) on the growth of glioma cells (U87). U87 glioma cells were treated with AG1478 (10 μmol/L) or CDDP (25 μmol/L) as a single agent or in combination for 24 or 48 h. The expression of EGFR and the components in its downstream signaling pathway [extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), protein kinase B (AKT)] in U87 glioma cells was detected by Western blotting. Cell growth, cell cycle distribution and cell apoptosis were determined by MTT method and flow cytometry, respectively. The results showed that CDDP could induce the activation of EGFR and the components in its downstream signaling pathways in a concentration-dependent manner. The combined treatment of AG1478 with CDDP could inhibit the proliferation of U87 glioma cells, arrest the cell cycle and promote cell apoptosis. In the EGFR signaling pathway, AG1478 decreased the phosphorylation of ERK, AKT and EGFR in U87 glioma cells. It was concluded that the combined treatment of AG1478 and CDDP may exert synergistic inhibitory effects on the growth of glioma cells by suppressing the activities of EGFR, AKT and ERK.

Objective:To analyze the current hotspots of international research on patient safety in recent 10 years, and to provide reference for the scientific research and practical management of patient safety in China.Methods:Based on Web of Science database, CiteSpace visual analysis software was used to analyze the related literature on patient safety collected from January 2009 to December 2018. Word frequency analysis and Co-word clustering were performed on research institutions, authors, countries, journals, cited literature and high frequency keywords.Results:At present, the international research on patient safety is mainly concentrated in European and American higher educational institution with Harvard University as the core; the core journals are The Journal of the American Medical Association, New England Journal of Medicine, Lancet and other journals with the highest international academic influence; the patient safety phase is excavated through keyword co-occurrence cluster analysis. There are 9 international research hotspots, such as safety practice management, safety index research, safety education and safety culture construction. Conclusion:The relevant research background and current situation in the international field of patient safety are in a mature and stable stage. The research team is mainly concentrated in developed areas such as Europe and the United States, and a more closely cooperative and shared research model has been formed. The research hotspot and focus are closely around the multi-disciplinary and multi-field research theme of "patient-centered" advocated by the World Health Organization, which is worthy of domestic researchers' reference and learning. Also, the research and exploration work cored on patient safety domestically needed to be further structured and promoted.

Objective To study the infection condition of AmpC ? lactamases producing strains for reasonable use of antibiotics in clinic. Methods Adopting modified three dimensional extract test was adopted to detect enterobacteriaceae strains, and 12 antibiotics were determined by the antimicrobial disk diffusion susceptibility tests in specimen collected from 233 senile infectious patients. Results The total isolating rate of AmpC ? lactamases producing enterobacteriaceae strains in senile patients was 8 6%. The incidence of AmpC ? lactamases producing strains was found most often in E.cloacae. The AmpC ? lactamases producing strains were susceptive to imipenem and there the resistance rates to imipenem were 100 0%. The resistance rates to cefepime were 85%～100% to the third generation cephalosporins and aztreonam Conclusions The drug resistance of AmpC ? lactamases producing enterobacteriaceae is very serious. It is important to surveillance and control drug resistance of AmpC producing strains.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the therapeutic effect of Xincang Decoction on chronic airway inflammation in children with asthma in clinical investigation. METHODS: Xincang Decoction was composed of Flos Magnoliae (Xinyi) and Fructus Xanthii (Cangoerzi), the traditional Chinese herbs for expelling wind. Sixty cases of children with bronchial asthma in remission stage were randomly divided into two groups. Thirty cases in the treatment group were treated with Xincang Decoction and the others in the control group were treated with ketotifen fumarate. The therapeutic effects of the two groups were compared, and the peripheral eosinophil (EOS) count, the levels of immunoglobulin E (IgE), interleukin 4 (IL-4) and interleukin 5 (IL-5), and the pulmonary functions were observed before and three months after the treatment. RESULTS: After three months treatment, the results showed that the total response rates of the treatment and the control group were 83.3% and 80.0%, respectively, without marked difference (P>0.05). The levels of EOS and IL-5 were obviously decreased after the treatment, and the levels of EOS and IL-5 of the patients in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Meanwhile the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV(1)) was improved after the treatment, and the FEV(1) of the patients in the treatment group was higher than that of the patients in the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Xincang Decoction can decrease the levels of EOS and IL-5 and improve the pulmonary function in treating chronic airway inflammation in children with bronchial asthma in remission stage.

Objective To analyze the clinical features of melioidosis spleen abscess.Methods A retrospective analysis of 26 cases with melioidosis spleen abscess at Hainan People′s Hospital between October 2002 and March 2015 was performed.Data with general conditions, clinical characteristics, imaging features, treatment and outcome were all extracted and analyzed.Results High fever (100.0%) and splenomegaly (73.1%) were the main clinical symptoms and signs.Laboratory examinations showed that white blood cell and neutrophil percentage increased, with a mean value of 12.6×10.9/L and 0.86, respectively.88.5% cases had diabetes mellitus which was the main underlying disease.Apart from spleen abscess, pulmonary infection (73.1%) and liver abscess (38.5%) were the majority.Imaging showed multiple small abscess (92.3%).All patients had at least one positive blood culture of Burkholderia pseudomalleiand were treated with imipenem, ceftazidime and sulfamethoxazole alone or in combination.Hospitalization days ranged between 8 to 65 days with the mean of 29.5 days.Twenty-three cases (88.5%) were cured, the remaining 3 cases (11.5%) abandoned treatment and were all lost for follow-up.Conclusions Melioidosis should be suspected in patients from epidemic areas, who have diabetes and imaging shows spleen abscess and other organ infections including pulmonary infection and liver abscess.Microbiological culture is needed immediately.

Background Retinopathy of prematurity is mainly due to retinal neovascularization.Objective This laboratory work was to evaluate the efficacy of different dosage of avastin for inhibiting retinal neovascularization.Methods Ninety 7-day-old clean C57BL/J6 mice were randomized into six groups as follows:air control group,hyperxia control group,hyperxia BSS group and avastin groups.C57BL/J6 mice in air control group were raised in regular air environments.The fifty mice were fed under the environment with 75％ ±2％ oxygen for 5 days to establish the retinal neovascularization models.The 1.25,2.50 and 5.00 g/L avastin (0.5 μl) were injected inteavtreally in forty-five mice models as low,moderate and high dosage avastin groups respectively,and 0.5 μl BSS was used at the same way in fifteen models as hyperxia BSS group.The mice were sacrificed in the 17-day-old age using excessive anesthesia method and the retina sections were prepared for the calculation of the numbers of vascular endothelial cell nuclei broken retinal inner membrane after hemotoxylin and eosin staining.The expression of CD34 in the retina was detected by immunochemistry.The morphology and distribution of retinal neovascular vessel in various groups were observed using retinal flat.The use of the animals followed the Regulations for the Administration of Affairs Concerning Experimental Animals by State Science and Technology Commission.Results The numbers of cell nuclei broken the inner limiting membrane was significant increased in the hyperxia group compared with the air control group( P＜0.01 ),and those in difference doses of avastin were considerably reduced in comparison with hyperxia BSS group (P＜0.01) and hyperxia group (P＜0.01 ).The decrease of numbers of cell nuclei broken the inner limiting membrane was obvious in low dose of high dose of avastin compared with low dose of avastin (P＜0.05 ).CD34 was positively expressed in retina internal membrane of hyperxia group.Retinal flat revealed the regular distribution and normal structure of retinal vessels in air control group and avastin groups.However,retinal and vitreous cavity neovascularization,leakage and enlarged non-perfusion regions in the perimeter of the retina were seen in hyperxia group and hyperxia BSS group. Conclusions Intravitreal injection of avastin can arrest retinal angiogenesis in oxygen-induced retinal neovascularization models in a dose-dependent manner.

Objective To investigate whether Bushen-Huoxue compound adjuvant therapy can be effective on mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease and the influence on plasma phospholipids(PLs) levels. Methods 87 PD patients were recruited and collected for the general information. The patients were evaluated by Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale(UPDRS) Ⅲ and Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA). According to MoCA scores, patients with PD-MCI were divided into a Bushen-Huoxue compound treatment group and a control group(basic L-dopa or dopamine agonist). Reevaluating cognitive function by MoCA and plasma phopholipids levels at posttreatment 12 month and 18 month. Plasma PLs was assayed by measuring its inorganic phosphorus after separation by chromatograph.Results 39 cases in 87 PD patients(44.8%)were with PD-MCI.After 12 months or 18 months treatment period, MoCA scores was significantly higher in Bushen-Huoxue compound treatment group than in controls(P<0.05 or 0.01 respectively). Plasma PLs levels were significantly decreased in Bushen-Huoxue compound treatment group than in controls(P<0.01 or 0.01 respectively). Conclusions Bushen-Huoxue compound could be effective in the adjuvant treatment of PD-MCI, and could delay cognitive rate of decline in patients with PD. Meanwhile, Bushen-Huoxue compound could significantly decrease plasma PLs levels in PD-MCI. The evidence from present study suggested that Bushen-Huoxue compound have neuroprotective effects on patients with PD-MCI.