Objective To explore the preliminary significance of overexpressed MUC-1 mRNA in the pathogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma. Method Total RNAs of 23 paired fresh lung samples and lung adenocarcinoma samples were extracted by routine Trizol way. After total RNAs were transcribed into cDNA, the expression of MUC-1 gene was detected in these samples by real-time PCR. Finally, the correlation of MUC-1 expression with the pathogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma was analyzed. Result Compared with normal lung tissues, the expression of MUC-1 in 20( 87% ) lung adenocarcinoma samples was markedly increased. Compared with early and mid-stage lung adenocarcinoma samples,. the overexpressed MUC-1 in late stage lung adenocarcinoma samples was increased by 2.2 folds. In addition, compared with primary lung adenocarcinoma samples without lymph node metastasis, MUC-1 mRNA was increased in primary lung adenocarcinoma samples with lymph node and distant metastasis ( 2.5 folds). Conclusion Overexpressed MUC-1 may participate in the pathogenesis of lung adenocarcinoma.

Objective To discuss the feature of the ultrasonic image of the fetal congenital absence of the radius. Methods Five cases with congenital absence of the radius were examined by colour Doppler sonography and compared with normal fetuses. Results There were four characteristics of ultrasonic imaging:①The length of three radius was 0 cm in the six disabled limbs,others were 4 time s shorter than the normal identical pregnant fetuses. ②All the disabled limbs showed that the forearm was short and bent, and the hand was lopsided. ③All the cases were combined with hydramnios. ④Three abnormal fetuses were combined with other deformies.Conclusions Ultrasound is superior to other methods in diagnosing fetus congenital absence of the radius.

Objective To evaluate the role of interventional ultrasound technique in prenatal diagnosis of fetal chromosomal abnormalities.Methods Percutaneous ultrasound-monitored amniocentesis and cordocentesis were performed on 186 pregnant women with indicantions for prenatal diagnosis to detect karyotype of the fetus.Results All the cases were punctured successfully.Percutaneous ultrasound-monitored amniocentesis was performed in 105 pregnant women.The archievement rate of the aminiotic fluid was 97.1%,and the detection rate of the chromosomal abnormality was 8.8%.Percutaneous ultrasound-monitored cordocentesis were performed in 81 pregnant women.The archievement rate of the cord blood was 98.8%,and the detection rate of the chromosomal abnormality was 5.0%.There was no significant deviation between them.The valid indications of the puncture included the abnormal serology screening results of pregnant women,the history of abnormal deliveries,the history of the trisomy 21,and the abnormal fetus detected by ultrasound,the last of which was higher than the other indications at the detection of the chromosomal abnormality.Conclusions Interventional ultrasound technique proves to be valid in the prenatal diagnosis,and ultrasound detection of abnormal fetus indicates the possibility of the fetal chromosomal abnormality.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value and effectiveness of ultrasound screening for fetal chromosomal abnormalitie in the middle and late pregnancy. Methods Fetuses who were detected with abnormal ultrasound findings during the middle and late pregnancy, and high risk of maternal serum screening underwent amnioeentesis or eordocentesis for fetal chromosome karyotypes. Results (1) A total of 31 cases with fetal malformation diagnosed by ultrasound were analysed for fetal chromosome karyotypes, and 8 (25.8%) cases were proved with fetal abnormal chromosome karyotypes. There were 3 cases of cervical springwater cyst accompany with edema,and all were fetal abnormal chromosome karyotypes. There were 3 cases of cervical pachyderma,and 2 were fetal abnormal chromosome karyotypes. There was one case with multiple malformations, one with Dandy-Walker malformation and one with holoprosencephaly malformation,all were revealed fetal abnormal chromosome karyotypes. (2) A total of 516 cases with high risk of Down's syndrome and trisomy 18 by maternal serum screening were analysed for fetal chromosome karyotypes,and 14(2.710%) cases were proved with fetal abnormal chromosome karyotypes, which include 7 cases of Down's syndrome and 7 cases of other fetal abnormal chromosome karyotypes. (3) A total of 544 (516 + 28)cases with high risk by the combination of ultrasound and maternal serum screening were analysed for fetal chromosome karyotypes, and 21 (3.86%) cases were proved with fetal abnormal chromosome karyotypes, the rate of detection higher than only maternal serum screening 42.43%.Conclusions Fetal structure abnormalities were the effective ultrasound signs for fetus chromosomal abnormalities screening in the middle and late pregnancy. The combination of ultrasound and maternal serum screening can improve the rate of fetus chromosomal abnormalities screening and be an effective way to retrieve false-positive and lower risk of maternal serum screening.

Objective To investigate the relationship between obesity and esophageal high resolutionmanometry ,24‐hour pH monitoring and gastroscopic results of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) .Methods A total of 196 patients with GERD(DeMeester score>14 .72) were selected and divided into normal weight group (18 .5 kg/m2 < BMI < 24 kg/m2 ) , overweight group (24 kg/m2 ≤BMI<28 kg/m2 ) and obese group (BMI≥28 kg/m2 ) according to body mass index (BMI) . Esophageal high resolution manometry ,gastroscopy and 24‐hour pH monitoring were performed with DeMeester score calculated . The classification of esophagitis was according to Los Angeles standard . Normal distributed measurement data were compared by analysis of variance .Non normal distributed measurement data were repesent as M(P25 ,P75) ,and were compared by rank sum test .Chi square test was for count data comparison .Results Compared with normal weight group and overweight group , abdominal length of low esophageal sphincter (LES) of obese group was shorter (1 .90 cm ,0 .85 cm to 2 .45 cm ;2 .85 cm ,2 .23 cm to 3 .20 cm ;2 .50 cm ,1 .98 cm to 3 .0 cm ) , and the differences w ere statistically significant (Z=19 .913 ,P<0 .01) .But there was no significant difference in pressure ,total length of LES and distal esophagus amplitude (all P>0 .05) .The percent total time pH≤4 of obesity group was 15 .42% (10 .31% to 21 .49% ) ,percent supine time pH≤4 was 14 .21% (5 .75% to 34 .98% ) and percent upright time pH≤4 was 14 .25% (8 .19% to 18 .13% ) .The reflux episodes (106 .50 ,67 .00 to 145 .75) and the longest duration of reflux episodes (28 .10 min ,10 .90 min to 47 .93 min) were more than those of normal group (9 .74% ,5 .35% to 15 .96% ;7 .31% ,3 .25% to 11 .80% ;8 .45% ,5 .43% to 17 .48% ;72 .50 ,53 .00 to 100 .50;15 .80 min ,9 .90 min to 21 .28 min) and overweight group (11 .36% , 6 .74% to 15 .87% ;7 .74% ,2 .36% to 15 .05% ;11 .27% ,3 .37% to 14 .73% ;85 .50 ,58 .75 to 117 .75;21 .40 min ,11 .50 min to 39 .90 min) ,and the differences were statistically significant (Z=7 .054 ,11 .181 , 6 .429 ,6 .452 ,8 .246 ,all P<0 .05) .The incidences of hiatus hernia and reflux esophagitis of the obese group (both 56 .67% (17/30)) were both higher than those of normal weight group (36 .46% (35/96) and 30 .21% (29/96)) and overweight group (30 .00% (21/70) and 27 .14% (19/70)) ,and the differences were statistically significant (χ2=6 .439 and 9 .000 ,both P<0 .05) .However ,there was no statistically significant difference among the three groups in the incidence and severe degree of asthma as an extra esophageal appearance (all P>0 .05) .There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of Barrett′s esophagus among three groups (all P>0 .05) .Conclusions Compared with that of normal weight group and overweight group of patiento with GERD ,abdominal length of LES of obesity group was shorter .With an increase in BMI , acid exposure and the incidences of reflux esophagitis and hiatal hernia also increased .

Objective To explore the effects of H2S on cerebral injury after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and its mechanism.Methods Forty-five healthy Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly (random number) divided into shame-operated group ( group A,n =5 ),resuscitation group ( group B,further divided into four subgroups as per rats sacrificed 6 h,12 h,24 h,and 72 h after resuscitation,n =5),and NaHS pretreatment group ( group C,further divided into 4 subgroups as done in group B).The ratio of water content in brain tissue was calculated.The content of H2S in cerebral cortex of rats in all groups was determined by using universal microplate reader. Immunohistochemistry method was used to count the Nestin-positive cells. Results The content of H2S in hippocampus area of brain showed dramatic changes from rising up at first and then to lowering down to the minimum and finally returning to the original level in 72 h in B group.Compare to group B,brain water content was lesser ( P ＜0.05 or P ＜ 0.01 ) and the levels of Nestin in hippocampus increased in group C(P＜0.05 or P ＜0.01).The neurological deficit score (NDS) was improved (P ＜0.05 or P ＜0.01) and pathological changes in hippocampus of rat brain detected by using hemotoxylin - eosin staining were slighter in group C in comparison with group B.Conclusions Endogenous H2S may involve in the course of formation and progress of cerebral injury after CPR and small dose of NaHS (exogenous H2S) can improve NDS by decreasing cerebral edema and up-regulating Nestin level in hippocampus of brain,playing a protection role in cerebral injury after CPR.

Objective To determine whether prenatal ultrasonography (US) score is more effective than renal pelvic anterior posterior diameter (PAPD) for the prognostic evaluation of fetal hydronephrosis.Methods Fetuses with hydronephrosis (PAPD≥ 10 mm) were examined by prenatal US in the third trimester.PAPD,renal parenchyma thickness (RPT) and pelvicaliceal morphology (PM) were measured and graded from 0 to 3 score on the basis of severity of hydronephrosis,then the total US score of each kidney was obtained.According to the follow-up results after birth,all the cases were divided into two groups:physiological and pathological hydronephrosis.Via Z test,paired comparison was made to analyze area under the curve (AUC) of US score and each of the other three factors.Results Confirmed by postnatal US and other clinical examinations,of 198 kidneys (158 cases ) with hydronephrosis,139 (70.20％ ) were physiological hydronephrosis and 59 (29.80％ ) were pathological hydronephrosis.AUC of PAPD,RPT,PM,US score was 0.897 (minimum),0.957,0.944 and 0.982 (maximum) respectively,and there was significant difference between AUC of US score and each of the other three ( P ＜0.05).US score was the best approach for differential diagnosis of fetal hydronephrosis.Conclusions Prenatal US score is more effective and accurate than the single factor (PAPD,RPT,PM) to differentiate fetal physiological and pathological hydronephrosis.It was a new quantitative method to evaluate the prognosis of fetal hydronephrosis,and should be disseminated and applied clinically.

Objective To observe the normal configuration and size of the third ventricle in the second and third trimester fetuses in a normal population by ultrasonography. Methods The third ventricular width and configuration were obtained by antenatal ultrasonography in 765 fetuses with gestational age between 27 weeks and term.The relationship Between the width and the gestational age was analyzed.Results The third ventricle width 0～3 mm and showed the increased tendency; the correlation coefficient ( r ) between the width of the third ventricle and the gestationl week was 0.473 ( P＜0.01).The third ventricle was seen as a single echogenic line in 8(4.8%) of 165 fetuses, 145(61.5%) of all fetuses had parallel echogenic lines outlining a fluid-filled lumen, the V-shaped configuration of the third ventricle was seen in 12(7.3%) of the fetuses.Conclusions The third ventricle width shows the increased tendency in the second and third trimester.The parallel echogenic line becomes the prominent ultrasonography appearance in the second and third trimester fetuses.It's usefull to observe the normal ultrasonic apperance of the third ventricle in diagnosing the fetal central nervous abnormities.

Objective:To screen antigen of Helicobacter pylori outer membrane proteins by murine infection model.Methods:Parallel two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D) of outer membrane proteins extracted from Helicobacter pylori strain SS1 was performed.Western blot of a duplicate 2D gel hybridized with serum from H.pylori-infected murine was employed.Immunogenic H.pylori proteins identified in this way were digested in gel by trypsin and the mass of generated peptides were measured by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS).The data obtained from peptide mass finger-printing (PMF) were searched using the internet available database.Results:32 proteins were identified and they are in good agreement with typical protective antigens which reacted with serum from H.pylori-infected patients.Conclusion:The results suggest that murine model of H.pylori may be valid to screen antigens for human vaccination and the proteins identified in this paper are valuable for the selection of H.pylori protective antigens as well.

OBJECTIVE: Tacrolimus is widely used in organ transplant. However, the long-term effects of tacrolimus on Asian, in particular in Chinese people, are few. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of long-term curative effect of tacrolimus used in kidney transplantation patients in China.DATA SOURCES: Electronic and manual retrieve of Medline database, Chinese journal full-text database, Cochrane library, and CEBM/CCD, and relevant medical journals in China were applied.DATA SELECTION: Published randomized controlled trials on tacrolimus in kidney allograft recipient were retrieved, and the data were underwent Meta analysis. Odds ratio (OR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were used as the measurement parameter of efficacy comparison. The statistical analyses were performed using Stata software.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①The survival ratio of patient/kidney after 1 year. ②The survival ratio of patient/kidney after 3 years. ③Rejection ratio after 3 years. ④Infection rate after 3 years. ⑤Incidence of liver dysfunction after 3 years. ⑥Blood glucose disorder after 3 years.RESULTS: A total of 3 trials were eligible for the inclusion efficacy, including 3 Chinese trials and 0 foreign trials. Results of meta-analysis indicated that tacrolimus prevented the recipients of kidney transplantation from rejection effectively in three years [OR=0.40, 95%CI (0.27-0.61), P < 0.000 1]. Tacrolimus prevented the recipients of kidney transplantation from impaired liver function in three years [OR=0.28, 95%CI (0.15-0.52), P < 0.000 1]. No statistical difference of the 1-year and 3-year survival rate of patients/ kidney was found in the patients between group tacrolimus and group cyclosporine. Statistical difference of blood glucose disorder were found in the patients between group tacrolimus and group cyclosporine [OR=2.39, 95%CI (1.41-4.05), P=0.001].CONCLUSIONS: Tacrolimus prevented the recipients of kidney transplantation from rejection and impaired liver function effectively in three years in China. No statistical difference of the 1-year and 3-year survival rate of patients/kidney was found in the patients between two groups. In addition, the main side effect of tacrolimus is blood glucose elevation.