Tuberculosis(TB),a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB), is the outcome of the interaction between polygenes and environmental factors,which has been shown in lots of genetic studies. In recent years,the research of TB susceptibility genes and their single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)loci has become a hot topic,but genes and SNPs exactly associated with TB susceptibility are rarely reported. What's more,some susceptibility genes are different among races, populations and geographical distributions, resulting in inconsistency, or even contrary conclusions drawn from local studies of different populations or areas. In order to obtain susceptibility genes that are widely applicable and exactly associated with TB,it is necessary to screen the genes preliminarily in the laboratory animals with gene diversity, and thereafter, verify those genes in animals or humans. The Collabrative Cross(CC)mice have the advantages of diverse and clear genetic background,which can provide a new tool for the research of TB susceptibility. This review summarizes the advances in the studies of TB susceptibility genes and their SNPs, and looking forward to the application of CC mice in these studies and its significance.

OBJECTIVETo develop human recombinant neutralizing IgG monoclonal antibodies to hepatitis A virus (HAV) by baculovirus expression system.

METHODSThe heavy and light chain genes of two human-derived neutralizing Fab antibodies to HAV were cloned into baculovirus expression vector Pac-kappa-Fc and Pac-L-Fc, and further expressed in insect cells as IgG antibodies. The IgG products were purified and well characterized.

RESULTSThe baculovirus expressed McAb HAFc16 fully retained the specificity of binding to hepatitis A virus and the competition with mouse anti-hepatitis A virus McAb using ELISA. The viral neutralization assay in vitro demonstrated the retention of antibody function after expression of the human antibody in insect cells. The other expressed antibody HAFc78 also has the neutralizing activity but it is directed against different epitopes of HAV when compared with HAFc16.

CONCLUSIONThe recombinant baculovirus/insect cells expressed human neutralizing IgG antibodies to hepatitis A virus retained all biological functions specific for hepatitis A virus. The results provided the possibility of using these antibodies to rapidly protect high risk or early exposure populations from hepatitis A virus infection.

Antibodies, Monoclonal ; biosynthesis ; immunology ; Baculoviridae ; genetics ; Hepatitis A virus ; immunology ; Hepatitis Antibodies ; biosynthesis ; immunology ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments ; biosynthesis ; immunology ; Immunoglobulin G ; biosynthesis ; immunology ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains ; genetics ; Immunoglobulin Light Chains ; genetics ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo identify the type of the intermediate filament (IF) protein of Angiostrongylus cantonensis and analyze its tissue localization.

METHODSRecombinant pET-IF of antigen IF was expressed in E.coli with IPTG induction, and the expression products were purified by His.Bind column and identified for determining the type of the IF protein by Western blotting. Anti-IF antibody was prepared by multi-spot subcutaneous injection into mouse and used to detect the tissue slices of A. cantonensis by immunohistochemical analysis.

RESULTSThe antigen IF were correctly expressed and purified, and identified as a keratin located in the intestine wall and cytoplusma.

CONCLUSIONThe antigen IF is distributed in the intestine wall of A. cantonensis.

Angiostrongylus cantonensis ; cytology ; metabolism ; Animals ; Cell Nucleus ; metabolism ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Intermediate Filament Proteins ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Protein Transport

Objective To investigate the clinical impact of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis.Methods The study included 97 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 95 patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) from June 2009 to June 2016.The differences of NLR between the two groups were analyzed and the result of sensitivity and specificity were calculated.The differencesn of NLR were analyzed between the groups of different severity and in different lesionsseparately.Results NLR were significantly higher in ulcerative colitis than in irritable bowel syndrome (t=2.327,P＜0.021).Sensitivity was 69.1 ％ and specificity was 75.8 ％.There was statistic different in groups of different severity determination of newly diagnosed ulcerative colitis (F=8.221,P=0.001)and there was no statistic different between different lesions (F=0.737,P=0.483).Conclusion NLR is valuable in the diagnosis of UC and IBS can determine the degree of inflammation of ulcerative colitis.

OBJECTIVETo explore a more effective therapy for retention of urine induced by spinal cord injury.

METHODSEighty-four cases were randomly divided into a treatment group of 46 cases and a control group of 38 cases. The treatment group were treated with electroacupuncture at Baliao and Huiyang (BL 35), and the control group with electroacupuncture at acupoints routinely selected.

RESULTSThe total effective rate and the cured rate were 82.6% and 43.5% in the treatment group and 63.2% and 23.7% in the control group respectively, with a very significant difference between the two groups (P < 0. 01).

CONCLUSIONElectroacupuncture at Baliao and Huiyang (BL 35) has obvious therapeutic effect on retention of urine induced by spinal cord injury.

Acupuncture Points ; Adult ; Aged ; Electroacupuncture ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; complications ; Urinary Retention ; therapy

Objective:To explore the kinematics characteristics of obstacle crossing in old people with high or low falling risks in Community. Methods:From July to September, 2016, 27 old persons in community were divided into high falling risk group (H group, n = 15) and low fall risk group (L group, n = 12) according to the performance of Timed "Up and Go" Test and Five Times Sit to Stand Test. The kinematics characteristics were analyzed with Ariel Performance Analysis System as obstacle crossing. Results:The total time of crossing and the swing time of crossing legs were longer in H group than in L group (t > 2.073, P < 0.05), and the maximum height of standardized centre of mass was less in H group than in L group (t =-2.014, P < 0.05). As the crossing leg was just above the obstacle, the angle of knee of crossing leg was more in H group than in L group (t > 2.106, P < 0.05), the velocity of hip of crossing leg was less in H group than in L group (t = -2.119, P < 0.05), and the acceleration of ankle of swinging leg was less in H group than in L group (t = -3.038, P < 0.05). Conclusion:When the old people cross the obstacle, they trend to fall if they spend more time to overcome, lower in mass centre, in less speed of crossing hip and less acceleration of swinging ankle.

Objective To determinate the seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus (HEV) exposition among HIV-infected people in Hubei Province so as to provide basic data for effective prevention and control of HIV and hepatitis E virus． Methods A total of 335 serum samples of HIV-infected people were collected from January to June 2017．Serum samples were subjected to anti-HEV IgG andanti-HEV IgM screening. Data were statistically analyzed. Results In 335 HIV-infected people，0.89% (3/335) of serum samples were anti-HEV IgM positive and 41.49% (139/335) of them were anti-HEV IgG positive．The anti-HEV IgG positive rate was not linearly correlated with age ( 2linear=0.756，P=0.385), and there was no significant difference between the age groups (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in anti-HEV IgG positive rate between different gender( 2=0.085，P=0.771)．Anti-HEV IgG positive rate for the crowd with CD4 value ≤ 200 cell/μl was higher than that with CD4 ＞200 cell/μl，but showed no significant difference( 2=1.016，P=0.314)，and CD4 indexes of three positive anti-HEV IgM patients were 222, 446 and 198 in cell/μl．The anti-HEV IgG positive rate in HIV-infected population in eastern Hubei (30.77%, 32/1 041) was statistically different from that in central Hubei (47.92%, 46/96) ( 2=6.169，P=0.013) , and it was also different from that in southeastern Hubei (45.79%， 49/107) ( 2=5.034，P=0.025). Conclusions There were higher HEV infection rate among HIV-infected people in Hubei Province; thus, it is essential to positively carry out double-way screening for these two diseases at the same time, and effective prevention and control of these viruses are required.

BACKGROUNDAlthough thrombolytic therapy with rescue percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a common treatment strategy for ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (STEMI), scant data are available on its efficacy relative to primary PCI, and comparison was therefore the aim of this study.

METHODSThis multicenter, open-label, randomized, parallel trial was conducted in 12 hospitals on patients (age < or = 70 years) with STEMI who presented within 12 hours of symptom onset (mean interval > 3 hours). Patients were randomized to three groups: primary PCI group (n = 101); recombinant staphylokinase (r-Sak) group (n = 104); and recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) group (n = 106). For all patients allocated to the thrombolytic therapy arm, coronary angiography was performed at 90 minutes after drug therapy to confirm infarct-related artery (IRA) patency; rescue PCI was performed in cases with TIMI flow grade < or = 2. Bare-metal stent implantation was planned for all patients.

RESULTSAfter randomization it required an average of 113.4 minutes to start thrombolytic therapy (door-to-needle time) and 141.2 minutes to perform first balloon inflation in the IRA (door to balloon time). Rates of IRA patency (TIMI flow grade 2 or 3) and TIMI flow grade 3 were significantly lower in the thrombolysis group at 90 minutes after drug therapy than in the primary PCI group at the end of the procedure (70.5% vs. 98.0%, P < 0.0001, and 53.0% vs. 85.9%, P < 0.0001, respectively). Rescue PCI with stenting was performed in 117 patients (55.7%) in the thrombolytic therapy arm. Rates of patency and TIMI flow grade 3 were still significantly lower in the rescue PCI than in the primary PCI group (88.9% vs. 97.9%, P = 0.0222, and 68.4% vs. 85.0%, P = 0.0190, respectively). At 30 days post-therapy, mortality rate was significantly higher in the thrombolysis combined with rescue PCI group than in primary PCI group (7.1% vs. 0, P = 0.0034). Rates of death/MI and bleeding complications were significantly higher in the thrombolysis with rescue PCI group than in the primary PCI group (10.0% vs. 1.0%, P = 0.0380, and 28.10% vs. 8.91%, P = 0.0001, respectively).

CONCLUSIONSThrombolytic therapy with rescue PCI was associated with significantly lower rates of coronary patency and TIMI flow grade 3, but with significantly higher rates of mortality, death/MI and hemorrhagic complications at 30 days, as compared with primary PCI in this group of Chinese STEMI patients with late presentation and delayed treatments.

Aged ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Coronary Angiography ; Female ; Fibrinolytic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; drug therapy ; therapy ; Thrombolytic Therapy

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effectiveness of small interfering RNA (siRNA) on inhibiting severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-associated coronavirus replication, and to lay bases for the future clinical application of siRNA for the treatment of viral infectious diseases.

METHODSVero-E6 cells was transfected with siRNA before SARS virus infection, and the effectiveness of siRNA interference was evaluated by observing the cytopathic effect (CPE) on Vero-E6 cells.

RESULTSFive pairs of siRNA showed ability to reduce CPE dose dependently, and two of them had the best effect.

CONCLUSIONsiRNA may be effective in inhibiting SARS-associated coronavirus replication.

Animals ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; RNA, Small Interfering ; pharmacology ; SARS Virus ; drug effects ; Transfection ; Vero Cells ; Virus Replication ; drug effects

Aim To investigate the effect of adenosine on the autophagy and proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells, and improve the curative effect of a-denosine on hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods HepG2 cells were incubated with adenosine, CCK-8 method was used to study the changes of cell prolifera-tion,Western blot was used to study the expression of LC3-Ⅱ and LC3-Ⅰ, and MDC staining was used to observe the number of autophagosomes. Results HepG2 cells were incubated with adenosine(1.0~4.0 mmol·L-1) for 48 h,the proliferation of HepG2 cells were detected at the different time points (12,24,48 h),and the result showed the proliferation was signifi-cantly inhibited by adenosine (P < 0.01). HepG2 cells were incubated with adenosine (0.2,0.5,1.0, 2.0,4.0 mmol·L-1) for 24 h,the ratio of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ decreased significantly in low concentration of adenosine group (0.2, 0.5 mmol·L-1, P <0.05;1.0 mmol·L-1,P<0.01),and the ratio of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ increased significantly in higher concentration of adenosine group (4.0 mmol·L-1, P <0.05). HepG2 cells were incubated with adenosine(1.0 mmol·L-1) for 24 h, the ratio of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ de-creased significantly at 6,12 and 24 h detecting point, the number of autophagosomes were reduced, the low-est ratio of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ and autophagosomes were observed at 12 h detecting point(P<0.01). Conclu-sions Adenosine inhibits the proliferation of hepato-cellular carcinoma cells,the low concentration of aden-osine inhibits the autophagy,while the high concentra-tion of adenosine increases the autophagy, which is of great significance to reduce multi-drug resistance and improve the therapeutic effect of anti-hepatoma drugs.