Objective To investigate the application value of intraoperative ultrasound (IOUS) in living donor liver transplantation(LDLT). Methods In LDLT, IOUS techniques (gray scale ultrasound and color Doppler flow imaging) were adopted in 26 donors and recipients for parenchymal and vascular examinations. The abnormal sonograms were observed, and the anatomic findings of hepatic veins were recorded. All the reanastomosed blood vessels were examined by gray scale ultrasound and color Doppler flow imaging before the operations were completed. Results A hepatic parenchymatous tumor was revealed by IOUS in one donor. Besides, middle hepatic veins in 13 donors and secondary hepatic veins with diameter﹥0.5 cm in 5 donors were confirmed by IOUS. Furthermore, one operation procedure was changed and one hepatic artery stenosis was established according to IOUS findings. Conclusion IOUS is a very useful means in evaluation of parenchymal and vascular conditions of donors and recipients in LDLT, which helps to select the best cross section and provides evidence for the change of surgical procedures.

Objective: To observe the clinically curative effect of Jiangtong Xifeng liquid (JTXFL,降通 熄风液)combined with conventional therapy of western medicine on acute cerebral hemorrhage.Methods:Ninety cases were randomly divided into 2 groups.The treated group (n=60) was treated by JTXFL combined with conventional therapy of western medicine.The control group (n=30) was treated with conventional therapy alone.Before an d after therapy the changes in scores of neural functional defect,state of cons ciousne ss,blood pressure,and CT and the curative effects were observed for both groups.Results:The total effective rate was 88.3% in treated group,but it was 76.7% in contro l group, so that it in treated group was significantly superior to that in contr ol group (P<0.05). Conclusions:The curative effects of JTXFL combined with conventional therapy of western med icine on acutely cerebral hemorrhage is very obvious.

Objective To investigate the ultrasonographic manifestations of traumatic neuroma after neck dissection in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).Methods A retrospective analysis was performed in 21 patients with 26 lesions who underwent neck dissection.The ultrasonographic characteristics were reviewed,including numbers,location,size,shape,margin,echogenicity,with or without direct continuity to the nerve fiber,the presence of internal hyperechogenicity and blood supply.Results Among the 26 lesions of 21 patients,25 lesions were in the lateral cervical area while the other one was in the central cervical area.The mean shortest diameter of the lesions was (3.5±1.0)mm and that of longest diameter was (9.1±2.9)mm.Totally 13 lesions were oval in shape and the other 13 were round.The clear margin was found in 13 lesions and fuzzy margin was observed in another 13 lesions.All the lesions were heterogeneously hypoechoic.The presence of internal hyperechoic areas were found in 16 lesions.The direct continuity with the nerve fiber was found in 20 lesions,while the other 6 lesions were not continued to the nerve directly.Color Doppler flow imaging showed that 20 of the 26 lesions existed a little blood flow signal and the other 6 lesions showed no flow signal.During the ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (US-FNAB),21 patients complained about the intolerable serious pain and the pain relieved when the needle removed.Conclusion Traumatic neuromas are hypoecho lesions located in the operation area after neck dissection in PTC with distinctive ultrasonographic features,especially the direct continuity with the nerve fiber,as well as the clinical histories and sharp pain during US-FNAB,which can help to diagnose.

Objective To investigate the related prognostic factors of stage Ⅳ gastric cancer.Methods The clinical data of 248 patients with stage Ⅳ gastric cancer and intact follow up data in the Tumor Prevention and Treatment Center of Sun Yat-Sen University from 2000 to 2010 were retrospectively summarized.The twelve clinicopathological parameters served as the observation indicators,including age,sex,body mass reduction,H b,CEA,CA19-9,Borrmann type,tumor location,tumor size,pathological pattern,operative mode,metastatic sites and therapeutic model.The survival curve was drawn by using the Kaplan-Meier method.The median survival time was calculated.The univariate analysis was conducted with Log-rank test.The prognosis multivariate analysis was conducted by the Cox's proportional hazards regression analysis.Results MST in the patients of whole group was 254 d.The univariate analysis showed that sex,Borrmann type and therapeutic mode were the related factors afecting gastric cancer prognosis,while the Cox regression model revealed that above 3 indicators were also independent factors affecting the prognosis of the patients with stage Ⅳ gastric cancer in this group(P＜0.05).Conclusion The treatment mode is an important independent factor affecting the survival of stage Ⅳ gastric cancer,the translational medicine model of palliative chemotherapy combined with palliative operation conduces to improve the prognosis in the patients with stage Ⅳ gastric cancer.

Objective:To establish the fingerprint analysis method for the aqueous extracts of Eucommia ulmoides from Enshi by HPLC. Methods:The fingerprint of aqueous extracts of ten batches of Eucommia ulmoides from Enshi were analyzed by HPLC. The columnwasWondaSilC18(250mm×4.6mm,5μm). Themobilephaseconsistedofacetonitrile-0.1% phosphoricacidwithgradient elution. The flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1 , the detection wavelength was 230 nm, the column temperature was 25℃, and the injection volume was 10 μl. Results:The fingerprint consisted of 12 common peaks. The similarity range of ten batches of Eucommia ulmoides calculated by similarity evaluation system for the chromatographic fingerprint of TCM(Version 2004 A)was 0. 596-0. 997. The standard fingerprint of Eucommia ulmoides was established by HPLC. Conclusion: The established HPLC fingerprint analysis method for Eu-commia ulmoides from Enshi is simple, stable and reproducible, which can effectively control the quality of Eucommia ulmoides from Enshi.

Objective To study investigate the dose accuracy that can be achieved with the method of bulk density assignment.Methods Sixteen cases of nasopharyngeal cancer patients and nineteen cases of esophageal cancer patients who accept radiotherapy in our department were selected.The planning CT images with bulk density assignment to different classes of tissues were applied to calculate the dose distributions,and then the resulting dose volume histograms (DVH) of the tumor and organs of risk were compared with the original treatment plan.The paired t-test was taken for dose comparison between two plans.Results The DVH comparison based on the planning CT and the bulk density assignment CT showed good agreements.With nasopharyngeal cancer patients,differences between the two plans about target and normal tissue were less than 1％.With esophageal cancer patients,the dose differences were less than 2％.Conclusion Preliminary results confirm that the bulk density assignment method can be applied to calculate the dose distributions.

OBJECTIVEThis study aims to examine the expression of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)/B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) signal pathway and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and provide references for the early diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of OSCC.

METHODSA total of 55 cases of OSCC and 10 cases of paracan- cerous mucosa were examined in this study. Their expressions of GSK-3β, NF-κB and Bcl-2 were detected using the SP me- thod immunohistochemistry. The correlation between their expression in OSCC and the clinical and pathological peculiarity of OSCC was analyzed.

RESULTSThe positive expression of GSK-3β, NF-κB, and Bcl-2 in OSCC were significantly higher than that in paracancerous mucosa (P < 0.01). The expression of GSK-3β, NF-κB, and Bcl-2 had no obvious relationship with patient's age, sex, and clinical stages of the disease (P > 0.05). The expression of Bcl-2 was significantly correlated with the degree of tumor differentiation (P < 0.05), whereas the expression of GSK-3β and NF-κB in OSCC had no obvious relation- ship with the degree of tumor differentiation (P > 0.05). Strong positive correlations were observed among the expressions of GSK-3β, NF-κB, and Bcl-2 (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe positive expression of GSK-3β, NF-κB, and Bcl-2 in OSCC are sig- nificantly higher than that in paracancerous mucosa. Detecting GSK-3β, NF-κB, and Bcl-2 in OSCC may have implications in the early diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of OSCC.

Apoptosis ; Cell Differentiation ; Glycogen Synthase ; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 ; Humans ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; Mouth Neoplasms ; NF-kappa B ; Neoplasms, Squamous Cell ; Signal Transduction

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of combination of Epimedii Folium and Ligustri Lucidi Fructus on osteoporosis rats induced by retinoic acid.

METHODSixty three-month-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the normal control group, the model group, the Epimedii Folium group, the Ligustri Lucidi Fructus group, the combination group of Epimedii Folium and Ligustri Lucidi Fructus and the raloxifene group. The osteoporosis model was established through oral administration with retinoic acid for two weeks. Meanwhile, all of treatment groups were administered with corresponding drugs for three weeks. The contents of serum calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (StrACP) were detected, and the pathomorphological changes of femurs were observed.

RESULTThe model control group showed much lower contents of serum Ca and P than the normal control group, but with significantly higher AKP and StrACP activity than the normal control group. The femoral head area showed reduced, narrow and sparse trabecular bones, with typical osteoporosis-like changes. Compared with the model control group, all of treated groups showed significant increase in Ca and P contents in serum, and down-regulate AKP and StrACP levels, while trabecular bones became more and wider, and densely interweaved as a reticular formation. Among them, the combination group showed the most significant effect.

CONCLUSIONEpimedii Folium and Ligustri Lucidi Fructus could effectively correct the abnormal bone metabolism and improve pathological conditions of bone tissues, so as to show the anti-osteoporosis effect. The combined application of the two drugs showed a better efficacy.

Acid Phosphatase ; blood ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; blood ; Animals ; Body Weight ; drug effects ; Calcium ; blood ; Drug Interactions ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Epimedium ; chemistry ; Femur ; drug effects ; pathology ; Isoenzymes ; blood ; Ligustrum ; chemistry ; Male ; Osteoporosis ; blood ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Phosphorus ; blood ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase ; Tretinoin ; adverse effects

Objective To characterize the clinical features of patients with cardiac amyloidosis (CA).Methods Totally 42 patients with CA admitted to Guangdong General Hospital since 2008 were included and retrospectively analyzed in the present study.CA was confirmed by abdomen and endocardium biopsy examination.Clinical manifestations,electrocardiogram and echocardiography were collected for the evaluation.Results Several clinic features are common in CA.In the present study,37 cases (88.1％) presented with chest tightness,dyspnea,20 cases(47.6％) with chest pain,27 cases(64.3％) with right heart failure,27 cases (64.3％) with fatigue,and 30 cases (71.4％) with renal insufficiency and proteinuria.Electrocardiogram (ECG) showed that 32 of the patients (76.2％) were with low voltage in limb leads,29 cases (69％) of them were with poor R wave progression in precordial leads,17 cases (40.5％) with ST-T change,28 cases(66.7％) with pseudo-necrotic Q wave and 36 cases (85.7％) with various kinds of arrhythmia.Echocardiography indicated that all of the subjects (100％) were with different degrees of left ventricular posterior wall or ventricular septal thickness,and left atrial hypertrophy with different degree of myocardial grain appearance or ground-glass opacity.Thirty-six cases (85.7％) were with pericardial effusion,and 27 cases (64.3％) were with abnormal left ventricular eject function.Conclusion For those who were with unexplained clinical cardiac insufficiency,renal insufficiency,myocardial hypertrophy,but normal of ventricular size in echocardiography and low voltage on ECG limb leads,a tissue biopsy from abdomen,labial glands or endocardium should be considered in the diagnosis of CA.

Objective To ascertain the utility and difference of sonography with echo-tracking (ET) technique and pulse-Doppler to assess vascular stiffness in rats with hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis.Methods Sonography associated with ET technique and pulse-Doppler were used to measure stiffness parameter (β),arterial compliance (AC),distensibility coefficient (DC),one-point pulse wave velocity (PWVβ),resistence index(RI),peak systolic velocity(PSV),end-diastolic velocity(EDV) and EDV/PSV of the aorta in cholesterol-fed SD rats (group T1,n =10,for 4 weeks;group T2,n =10,for 12 weeks) and normal control rats(group C1,n =10;group C2,n =10).All parameters and blood biochemical markers[total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-CH) and highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-CH)] among groups were analyzed with ANOVE factor analysis.Correlation was analyzed with Pearson analysis.Light microscopic evaluation were used to demonstrate atherosclerotic changes in the aorta.Results The PWVβ value and PSV of the aorta between group T1 and T2 were significantly different (P =0.001,P ＜0.05).The β,PWVβ values of the aorta in group T1 and T2 were significantly higher than those of group C1 and C2 (P ＜0.05).AC and DC values of the aorta in group T1 and T2 were significantly lower than those of group C1 and C2 (P ＜0.05).Correlation analysis showsed that RI was positively correlated with systolic pressure(P ＜0.05).All parameters had correlated with each other among β,PWVβ,AC,DC,TG,TC,systolic pressure and diastolic pressure.DC and AC were negatively correlated with β and PWVβ,also DC was negatively correlated with TG.Light microscopy confirmed morphologic typical changes of aortic atherosclerosis in group T1 and T2.Conclusions Sonography with the ET method compared with pulse-Doppler is much more sensitive and it can be used to evaluate tissue elastic changes in arterial walls associated with atherosclerosis and hypercholesterolemia.PSV can reflect atherosclerosis of rat's abdominal aorta well,but pulse-Doppler is limited in the diagnosis of earlier atherosclerosis period.