The relationship of nutrients and microorganisms in soils with polyphenols and total flavonoids of Houttuynia cordata were investigated by measuring nutrients, enzyme activity, pH, concentrations of microbe phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) in soils, and determining concentrations of polyphenols and total flavonoids of H. cordata. The research is aimed to understand characteristics of the planting soils and improve the quality of cultivated H. cordata. The soils at different sample sites varied greatly in nutrients, enzyme activity, pH, microbic PLFAs and polyphenols and all flavonoids. The content of total PLFAs in sample sites was following: bacteria > fungi > actinomyces > nematode. The content of bacteria PLFAs was 37.5%-65.0% at different sample sites. Activities of polyphenol oxidease, concentrations of available P and content of PLFAs of bacteria, actinomyces and total microorganisms in soils were significantly and positively related to the concentrations of polyphenols and total flavonoids of H. cordata, respectively (P < 0.05) . The Content of fungi PLFAs in soils was significantly and negatively related to concentrations of polyphenols and total flavonoids of H. cordata, respectively (P < 0.05). This study provides evidence that effectiveness of the soil nutrient, which may be improved due to transformation of soil microorganisms and enzymes to N and P in the soils, was beneficial to adaptation of H. cordata adapted to different soil conditions, and significantly affects metabolic accumulation of polyphenols and flavonoids of H. cordata.
Bacteria ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; metabolism ; Fatty Acids ; metabolism ; Flavonoids ; analysis ; metabolism ; Fungi ; metabolism ; Houttuynia ; chemistry ; metabolism ; microbiology ; Phospholipids ; metabolism ; Polyphenols ; analysis ; metabolism ; Soil ; chemistry ; Soil Microbiology

Abstract: Objective To analyze the application value of pathological diagnosis in analyzing the reason of death in a case of Methods ， ， occupationalpneumoconiosis. Theoccupationhistory occupationalexposurehistory clinicaldataandpathological - Results data of a dead patient with occupational pneumoconiosis were retrospectively analyzed. The patient was exposed to ， inorganic dust for more than ten years in a private factory. In January 2019 the computed tomography showed diffuse nodular mass with dense shadows in both lungs and left pneumothorax. He was admitted to a number of hospitals and the clinical diagnosis suspected that he suffers from occupational pneumoconiosis. He eventual died of bilateral pneumothorax in a local hospital in December 2020. The forensic identification of the cause of death confirmed that the lungs of the deceased had ， pathologicalchangesconsistentwithoccupationalpneumoconiosisstage Ⅱ secondarybilateralspontaneouspneumothoraxand （ ）， bilateral pleural effusion significant on the left side and the primary cause of death was severe lung disease. According to GBZ 25-2014 Pathological Diagnosis Criteria of Pneumoconiosis，the medical examiner diagnosed that the deceased had （ ） Conclusion suffered from pneumoconiosis before death pneumoconiosis stage Ⅱ . Pathological diagnosis can provide ， objectiveevidenceforthediagnosis differentialdiagnosisandcauseofdeathduetopneumoconiosis.

Objective To detect the expression of interleukin (IL)-18 of the peripheral blood cells and IL-18 receptor α chain(IL-18Rα) on the surface of CD_3~+ cells in patients newly diagnosed as immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) before medication and to explore the roles of IL-18 and IL-18Rα in the development of ITP. Methods Eighteen out-patients or inpatients with acute ITP accepting treatment in Qilu Hospital were enrolled in this study and 15 matching healthy subjects were taken as control. Plasma IL-18 level was detected with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the expression of IL-18Rα on CD_3~+ lymphocytes and total lymphoeytes were measured with flow cytometry; T-bet and GATA-3 mRNA were measured with reverse transcriptase polymcrase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results The expression of IL-18 in acute ITP plasma was (468. 57 ± 141.62) ng/L and IL-18Rα on the surface of CD_3~+ cells and lymphocytes were (8.50 ±3. 16)% and (9. 16±2.98)% respectively. The levels of IL-18 and IL-18Rα were increased in active ITP patients as compared with those in the controls (P <0. 05). The levels of IL-18 mRNA (0. 12 ±0. 02) and T-bet mRNA (0. 07 ±0. 02) were significantly increased in patients with active ITP as compared with those in the controls (P <0.05), while GATA-3 mRNA (0.0039±0.0014) were significantly decreased in patients with active ITP (P < 0. 05). The balance between T-bet and GATA-3 was significantly disturbed in ITP. Conclusions Through the variation of the levels of gene and protein, our study showed that IL-18 and IL-18Rα might upregulate the expression of Th1-cytokines in ITP patients. It is also suggested that IL-18 has potential association with the development of ITP. Especially, it may provide a new treatment method for ITP by regulating the ratio of T-bet and GATA-3 and resuming the balance of Th1/ Th2.

Objective To evaluate the application of non-bioartificial liver support system (ALSS) combined with liver transplantation(LT) in treating mid-or end-stage chronic severe hepati- tis.Methods ALSS plus liver transplantation were employed in treating 28 patients with mid-or end- stage chronic severe hepatitis.Clinical data from the patients before and after treatment were collect- ed.The survive rate of ALSS plus LT group were compared with that of medication group 99 cases and medication plus ALSS group 30 cases.The data were analyzed with t test and X~2 test.Results After 57 times ALSS treatment,the serum total bilirubin(TBil),prothromin time(PT),bile acid, blood urea nitrogen(BUN),creatnine(Cr) and ammonia of all the 28 patients got improved(P 0.05).The clinical symptoms and signs of the patients were ameliorated at median 3 d(1～153 d). All patients were bridged to liver transplantation successfully after median 20 d(1～153 d).The 3 and 6 months post-operation survival rate of ALSS plus LT group(71.4%,71.4%) were significantly higher than those in medication group(18.2%,11.1%) and medication plus ALSS group(36.7%, 26.6%)(P

We reported a 23-year-old man who was involved in a high-speed motorcycle accident. He sustained a closed fracture at the right distal femur. The primary fracture happened on February 2008. He underwent open reduction and internal fixation with cloverleaf plate. And one hundred days after the surgery, the proximal screws were pulled-out, but the bone union was not achieved. Treatment consisted of exchanging the cloverleaf plate with a locking compression plate and using an auto-iliac bone graft to fill the nonunion gap. In July 2009, the patient had a sharp pain in the right lower limb. The X-ray revealed that the plate implanted last year was broken, causing a nonunion at the fracture site. Immediately the plate and screws were removed and an intramedullary nail was inserted reversely from the distal femur as well as a 7 cm long bone from the right fibula was extracted and longitudinally split into two pieces to construct cortical bone plates. Then we placed them laterally and medially to fracture site, drilled two holes respectively, and fastened them with suture. We carried on auto-iliac bone grafting with the nonunion bone grafts. The follow-up at 15 months after operation showed that the treatment was successful, X-ray confirmed that there was no rotation and no angular or short deformity. We briefly reviewed the literature regarding such an unusual presentation and discussed in details the possible etiology and the advantages of autologous double-strut fibular grafts to cope with such an intractable situation.
Bone Plates ; Femur ; Fibula ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Fractures, Bone ; Humans

OBJECTIVETo observe the changes of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) in the course of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)-induced apoptosis of rat retinal photoreceptor cells and investigate the mechanism of MNU-induced retinal damage.

METHODSA single intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg MNU was given to 50-day-old female rats, which were sacrificed at different intervals after MNU treatment. The retinal damage was examined with optical microscopy and photoreceptor cell apoptosis detected by TUNEL assay. Western blotting was performed to analyze the changes in NF-kappaB.

RESULTSPyknosis of the photoreceptor cell nuclei and disorientation of the outer segment of the photoreceptor layer was observed 24 h after MNU treatment, and the outer nuclear layer and photoreceptor layer were almost completely lost on day 7. Photoreceptor cell apoptosis peaked at 24 h, and in the apoptotic cascade, NF-kappaB p65 protein was only detected 12 and 24 h after MNU treatment, whereas the amount of I kappa B alpha, in contrast, markedly increased in the cytoplasm as well as in the nuclei.

CONCLUSIONMNU-induced retinal damage might be mediated through the signaling pathway of NF-kappaB/I kappa B alpha.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Blotting, Western ; Female ; I-kappa B Proteins ; metabolism ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Methylnitrosourea ; toxicity ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Retinal Diseases ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; pathology

Objective To explore the effect of chlorpromazine on neocortical high-voltage spindles(HVSs)and facial twitching in freely moving normal adult rats.Methods Continuous video,neocortical electroencephalogram(EEG)and facial electromyography(EMG)were recorded simultaneously for at least 6 h in freely moving rats.The number and mean duration of HVSs,and the facial muscular activity were analyzed after administration of chlorpromazine.Results HVSs spontaneously appeared in behavioral waking-immobility rats with accidental hyperspasmia.After rats being administrated with chlorpromazine at a dose of 1.5(mg/kg)and 3.0(mg/kg),the facial rhythmic muscular activity increased,the duration of rhythmic muscular activity prolonged,the number of HVSs increased and the mean duration of HVSs prolonged.Conclusion Chlorpromazine could enhance the physiological HVSs and facial twitching,indicating that the side effect at the extrapyramidal system of antipsychotic maybe relate to HVSs and dopamine receptor may contribute to the regulation of HVSs.

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents and bacteriostatic activity of Psammosilene tunicoides.

METHODSuch methods as silica gel column chromatography and gel column chromatography were adotped separate and purify the compounds, and their structures were indentified on the basis of their spectral data and physicochemical properties.

RESULTTen compounds were separated from ethanol extracts and identified as methyl-4-hydroxybenzoate (1), N-methylsaccharin (2), 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid (3), germanicol (4), tricosanoic acid (5), octacosane (6), amber acid (7), succinic acid (8), stellarine A (9), and oleanane-12-ene-3alpha, 16alpha-two hydroxy-23,28-acid (10).

CONCLUSIONAll compounds except compound 10 were separated from P. tunicoides for the first time. Compounds 8 and 9 showed the bacteriostatic activity to a certain extent.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Bacteria ; drug effects ; Caryophyllaceae ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology

BACKGROUNDWilms' tumor (nephroblastoma) is a cancer of the kidneys that occurs typically in children and rarely in adults. Early diagnosis is very important for the treatment and prognosis of the disease. The aim of our study was to discover and identify potential non-invasive and convenient biomarkers for the diagnosis of Wilms' tumor.

METHODSNude mice were used to construct a Wilms' tumor model by injecting nephroblastoma cells into their bilateral abdomen. We collected 94 serum samples from mice consisting of 45 samples with Wilms' tumor and 49 controls. The serum proteomic profiles of the samples were analyzed via surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The candidate biomarkers were purified by high-performance liquid chromatography, identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and validated using ProteinChip immunoassays.

RESULTSWe finally retrieved two differential proteins (m/z 4509.2; 6207.9), which were identified as apolipoprotein A-II and polyubiquitin, respectively. The expression of apolipoprotein A-II was higher in the Wilms' tumor group than in the control group (P < 0.01). By contrast, the expression of polyubiquitin was lower in the Wilms' tumor group than in the control group.

CONCLUSIONApolipoprotein A-II and polyubiquitin may be used as potential biomarkers for nephroblastoma in children, and the analysis of apolipoprotein A-II may help diagnose and treat Wilms' tumor.

Animals ; Apolipoprotein A-II ; blood ; Biomarkers ; blood ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Polyubiquitin ; blood ; Proteomics ; methods ; Wilms Tumor ; blood ; metabolism ; pathology

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic significance of PLA2R and IgG4 in elderly patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN).Methods The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed of patients with IMN (49 males and 49 females,aged 66.6 ± 5.4 years) or Non-IMN (57 males and 41 females,aged 67.1 ± 6.5 years) who were admitted in the authors served Department of Nephrology from Apr.2014 to Feb.2016 and accepted renal biopsy.SPSS13.0 was employed to evaluate the sensitivity,specificity and calculate the area under ROC curve (AUC) of serum anti-PLA2R antibody,glomerular PLA2R and IgG1-4 subclasses on diagnosing IMN.Results On diagnosing IMN,the sensitivity and specificity of serum anti-PLA2R antibody were 77.6％ and 89.8％ [AUC=0.869(0.816-0.923)],of glomerular PLA2R were 66.3％ and 94.9％ [AUC=0.805(0.741-0.87)],and of glomerular IgGl-IgG4 were 80.6％ and 78.6％,60.2％ and 83.7％,41.8％ and 84.7％,and 93.9％ and 89.8％,respectively [AUC=0.767(0.696-0.838),0.709(0.635-0.783),0.628(0.549-0.706) and 0.94(0.901-0.978),respectively].As to the combined use of glomerular PLA2R and IgG4 on diagnosing IMN,the sensitivity was 93.9％ when either one of glomerular PLA2R and IgG4 was positive,or the specificity was 96.9％ when both glomerular PLA2R and IgG4 were positive.Conclusion PLA2R and IgG4 can effectively serve the diagnosis of IMN,and the combined use of PLA2R and IgG4 may be better than single indicator alone.