Objective To evaluate the correlation between sonographic features of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma(PTMC) and cervical lymph node metastasis.Methods Preoperative sonographic features of 379 papillary thyroid microcarcinoma in 341 patients were retrospectively reviewed,and were divided into two groups,lymph node metastasis and lymph node non-metastasis according to pathology.Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to analyze the sonographic features relevant to lymph node metastasis.Results Univariate analysis revealed that unclear border,microcalcification and multifocal PTMC were statistically significant(all P ＜0.05).Multivariate analysis revealed that microcalcification and multifocal PTMC were statistically significant (both P ＜0.05).Conclusions Microcalcification and multifocal PTMC are closely relevant to cervical lymph node metastasis.

Objective To set up the 3D-finite element(FE)model of normal acetabulum-cartilage-femoral head,so that to provide an effective model for biomechanical analysis of femoral head.Methods(1)The hip joint in one healthy adult male volunteer was scanned by MRI at coronal section.The 3D reconstruction model of acetabulum-cartilage-femoral head was constructed with MATLAB and ANSYS software.(2)The 3D orthotropy finite element model of the acetabulum-cartilage-femoral head was constructed by givig the corresponding material parameters to the different structures of the model of acetabulum-cartilage-femoral head and divided into networks through ANSYS software.(3)The standing status was imitated on the model to set boundary condition and loading and then calculated.The effect of the model was evaluated in comparison with that of literature.Results A 3D orthotropy FE model of acetabulum-cartilage-femoral head was established successfully,including 89 961 points of 448 159 units.The maximal displacement was on the femoral head,and the maximal Von Mises stress was on the femur neck.The stress analysis was the same as the results of literature and the actuality.Conclusion A 3D orthotropy FE model of acetabulum-cartilage-femoral head can be setup based on MRI images,which can provide a reasonable and effective model for biomechamical analysis of femoral head.

Objective: To discuss the clinical features of basaloid squamous carcinoma(BSC)and the factors relating to its prognosis and to compare patient survival between poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma(PDSC)and BSC. Methods: Clinical and pathological data of BSC and PDSC cases seen in our hospital between January 2004 and December 2008 were reviewed. Results: There were no statistical differences in demographic and clinical features between PDSC and BSC patients,with the exception that a larger proportion of BSC patients were female(P=-0.001).Additionally,higher tobacco consumption was observed among BSC male patients (P=0.003).There were no significant differences in survival rate between BSC and PDSC groups(X2=0.03,P=0.5470).The median survival time of BSC and PDSC patients was 19 months and 30 months，respectively.The 4-year survival rate was 22.4%and 36.1%，respectively(u=0.740,P=0.230).No significant difference was found in survival rate between stage Ⅰ and stage Ⅱ patients(X~2=0.109，P=0.2974).The median survival time of stage Ⅰ and stage Ⅱ patients was 19 months and 46 months，respectively；and the 4-year survival rate of stage Ⅰ and stage Ⅱ patients was 47.3% and 45.2%，respectively(u=0.122，P=0.450).Using Cox proportional hazard model，we found that surgical types and clinical stages of BSC were correlated with its prognosis.Compared with that of patients who received lobectomy,the postoperative mortality hazard of patients who received pneumonectomy and segmentectomy was increased by 1.379 times(P=0.031)and 1.634 times(P=0.061)，respectively.A more advanced clinical stage was associated with an increase in the postoperative morta,ty hazard ratio(X~2=14.12,P=0.000).The postoperative mortality hazard of patients of stage Ⅲ and stage Ⅳ was 2.437 times higher than that of stage Ⅰ patients(P=0.018).There were no statistical differences in postoperative mortality risk between stage Ⅰ patients and stage Ⅱ patients(P=0.057). Conclusion: Compared with that of PDSC,the incidence of BSC is higher among females.However,there is no difference in the prognosis between BSC and PDSC.BSC can be treated with the same therapies as those for other types of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).

BACKGROUND:Animal studies have shown that cauda equina compression can induce apoptosis of lumbosacral spinal cord anterior horn motor neurons.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the pathological change in lumbosacral spinal cord after acute cauda equina compression in dogs.
METHODS:A total of 27 dogs were randomly divided into nine groups, with three dogs in each group. There were one normal control group, seven experimental groups and one sham surgery group. In the experimental group, an empty water sac was implanted above epidural fat below L6 vertebral plate. Compression was given by injecting water at 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 168 hours. In the sham surgery group, an empty water sac was implanted, but compression was not given. At the time of compression, the spinal cord sent out by cauda equina nerve and adjacent to the head end was subjected to histopathological examination.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Results of light microscope:at 4-48 hours of compression, spinal cord anterior horn motor neurons did not alter. At 72 hours, motor neurons became smal , cel membrane shrank and separated from surrounding tissues. Cel s were homogenous and darkly stained. At 168 hours, motor neurons disappeared, but spinal cord sections of the adjacent head end did not shown abnormal motor neurons in the spinal cord anterior horn. (2) Results of electron microscope:at 12 hours, spinal cord tissue began to swel , and the swel ing aggravated with prolonged time of compression. The swel ing of glial cel s was apparent. At 168 hours, myelin sheath structure dissolved;axons showed vacuolization;axoplasm spil ed, and exhibited inflammatory injury-like changes. (3) Apoptotic results of spinal cord anterior horn motor neurons:apoptosis appeared at 12 hours of compression, became increased, and showed an increased trend at 168 hours.

10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.23.003

Objective To explore the effect of pain intervention on limb function exercises in patients with peripheric fractures of knee joint.Methods 60 patients with peripheric fractures of knee joint were randomized in equal number into the observation group and control group.Both groups took functional exercises for affected limbs.Besides,the former and latter groups were administered with celecoxib at a dosage of 200mg twice a day from pre-operation to discharge and after operation,respectively.The two groups were compared in terms of pain degree at different time points as well as the functional recovery of affected limbs.Results The observation group was lower in pain scores than the control group at hours 6,8,12,24,36 and 48.The active and passive motions of the affected limbs in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control at days 1,2,3,4 and 5(all P<0.001).Conclusion Pain intervention with celecoxib before operation may help patients to take functional exercises as early as possible,promoting the rehabilitation of functions of affected limbs.

OBJECTIVETo analysis the differential expression of decidua tissue proteins and effective mechanisms of recurrent abortion mice with Shoutai Wan, and explore the mechanism of Shoutai Wan in preventing miscarriage.

METHODThe abortion-prone CBA/J x DBA/2 matings were established as the model of recurrent abortion and the nonabortion-prone CBA/J x BALB/c matings were used as the model of normal pregnancy. The model of recurrent abortion CBA/J x DBA/2 of mice pregnant were randomly divided into four groups according to the sequence of pregnancy, including model group, Shoutai Wan low-dose group, Shoutai Wan middle-dose group and Shoutai Wan high-dose group. From the 1st day of pregnant, mice of normal group, model group, Shoutai Wan low-dose group (3 g x kg x d(-1)), Shoutai Wan middle-dose group (6 g x kg x d(-1)) and Shoutai Wan high-dose group (12 g x kg x d(-1)) are oral administration in different doses. On the 14th day of pregnancy, all mice are killed and the embryo loss rate (ELR) was counted. The expression of differential proteins of mice decidua tissues were separated by means of 2-DE and identified by MALDI-TOF-MS. The functions of identified proteins were further analysed according to bioinformatics resources.

RESULTCompared with model group, low-dose Shoutai Wan can not significantly improve the model of recurrent abortion in pregnant mice ELR; Shoutai Wan middle-dose and high-dose group of pregnant mice ELR were significantly decreased (P < 0.01). The results showed that the well-resolved, reproducible 2-DE patterns of mice decidua tissues of model group, normal group and Shoutai Wan low middle high-dose group were obtained. Through comparative proteome analysis of decidua tissues of all groups, 30 differential expression protein spots which maybe related to recurrent abortion and Shoutai Wan intervention were identified by MALDI-TOF-MS. These differential expression proteins mainly refer to invasion of the blastocyst, blood vessel remodeling and cell apoptosis.

CONCLUSIONShoutai Wan can decrease recurrent abortion mice ELR significantly, and play a role in preventing miscarriage. Recurrent abortion is a complicated process refer to diverse proteins participate. For several protein spots expression of decidua tissues in recurrent abortion mice was regulated by Shoutai Wan, it provides contribution to the effect characteristic of multitarget.

Abortion, Habitual ; metabolism ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Animals ; Decidua ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Mice ; Pregnancy ; Proteome ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo summarize the application of diagnosis criteria on drug induced liver injury in China from 2005 to 2012 in China.

METHODWe systematically searched the journals included in four commonly accepted Chinese electronic databases for medical research, i.e. CNKI, CBM, VIP and Wanfang database, for articles published from 2005 to 2012. The articles meeting the inclusion criteria were considered eligible for our analysis. Relevant information was extracted using a standardized form in Excel 2007.

RESULTOverall,273 studies were included for the present review. 199 Case Series and 74 Case Report. There are 15 various standard of diagnosis using in 199 Case Series for DILI. Chinese general standard, 1997 Maria Criteria, and Medical records are generally used. The use of the three standard has no trend with time and various journals in 199 Case Series. 74 Case Report all use medical records as criteria on DILI diagnosis.

CONCLUSIONWe don't have the consolidate criteria on DILI diagnosis at present, so when we choose the standard of diagnosis, we should consider many factors in order to avoid missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis.

Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; diagnosis ; China ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures ; standards ; Humans ; Periodicals as Topic ; statistics & numerical data

Objective: To investigate the effects of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) monoclonal anti-body on nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in rats with pulmonary fibrosis induced by silica dust. Methods: A total of 48 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into intervention group, silica dust exposure group, and control group, with 16 rats in each group. The rats in the intervention group were given intratracheal injection of 50 mg silicon dioxide dust once to establish a rat model and then treated with subcutaneously injected TNF-α monoclonal antibody 15 mg/kg for 5 consecutive days at 2-6 days after the establishment of the model. The rats in the silica dust exposure group were treated with the same method to establish the model and then given subcutaneous injection of the same volume of normal saline. The rats in the control group were given intratracheal and subcutaneous injection of normal saline. In both groups, 8 rats each were sacrificed at 7 and 14 days after the establishment of the model. Hematoxylin-eosin staining or Masson staining was used to observe morphological changes in lung tissue, ELISA was used to measure the serum level of TNF-α, IHC was used to measure the expression of NF-κBp65 in lung tissue, Western blot was used to measure the protein expression of I-κB in lung tissue, and RT-qPCR was used to measure the transcriptional level of iNOS mRNA in lung tissue. Results: Compared with the control group, the silica dust exposure group had significant increases in the lung inflammation score (3.375±1.061 and 2.500±0.535) , serum TNF-α level (86.405±20.494 and 77.064±11.829) , absorbance of cells with positive NF-κBp65 in lung tissue (0.297±0.05 and 0.287±0.039) , and mRNA expression of iNOS (12.906±0.590 and 12.600±0.517) at 7 and 14 days after dust exposure, a significant increase in pulmonary fibrosis score at 14 days (3.250±0.707) , and significant reductions in the protein expression of I-κB at 7 and 14 days (0.579±0.141 and 0.748±0.081) (P<0.05) . Compared with the silica dust exposure group, the intervention group had significant reductions in the lung inflammation score at 7 days (2.375±1.061) , pulmonary fibrosis score at 14 days (2.375±1.061) , serum level of TNF-α at 7 and 14 days (66.565±19.850 and 58.734±16.335) , absorbance of cells with positive NF-κBp65 in lung tissue at 7 and 14 days (0.248±0.028 and 0.238±0.027) , and mRNA expression of iNOS at 7 and 14 days (11.656±0.405 and 12.025±0.618) , as well as significant increases in the protein expression of I-κB at 7 and 14 days (0.802±0.165 and 0.888±0.144) (P<0.05) . Conclusion TNF-α monoclonal antibody can inhibit the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway and down-regulate the expression of iNOS, and thus exerts a certain protective effect on lung tissue in rats with pulmonary fibrosis induced by silica dust.