Objective To analyze the examination results of external quality assessment(EQA),at all levels of iodine deficiency disorders(IDD) net work laboratories in Ningxia from 2002 to 2012,and to provide a reliable laboratory quality assurance for surveillance and control of IDD.Methods The data of IDD network laboratories at Ningxia provincial,municipal and county levels from 2002 to 2012 were collected and analyzed.Results Both of the response rate and qualification rate of salt iodine and urinary iodine laboratories at the provincial level were 100％ in the past 11 years.The response rate and qualification rate of salt iodine laboratories at municipal level were also 100％ ; the response rate of urinary iodine was 100％ since 2005,and the qualification rate had been 100％ for six years since 2007.The response rate of salt iodine at county level had been 100％ since 2004,and the qualification rate had been 100％ for four years since 2009.Conclusions IDD network laboratory in Ningxia Province runs good,and the quality control measures are solid and effective.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; pathology ; Lymphatic Vessels ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; pathology ; Neoplasm Staging

Objective To investigate the effects of triptolide on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury in rats.Methods Sixty-five male SD rats weighing 200-250 g were randomly divided into 5 groups: control group (group C,n =5),LPS group (group L,n =15),different doses of triptolide groups (groups TP1-3,n =15).In group C normal saline was injected iv and 1％ DMSO injected intraperitoneally(ip).In group L LPS 5 mg/kg was injected iv and 1％ DMSO injected ip.In groups TP1-3 LPS 5 mg/kg was injected iv and triptolide 25,50 and 100 μg/kg was injected ip respectively.Blood samples were collected at 1 h before administration and 1,3,6 and 12 h after administration for blood gas analysis.The animals were sacrificed at 12 h after administration.TNF-α concentrations in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were determined by ELISA.The lungs were removed for microscopic examination,evaluation of diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) score and determination of W/D lung weight ratio and the expression of Toll-like receptor4 (TLR4) protein and mRNA.Results Compared with group C,PaO2 was significantly decreased at 3,6 and 12 h after administration,DAD score and W/D lung weight ratio were increased in groups L and TP1-3,TNF-α concentrations in serum and BLAF were increased,expression of TLR4 mRNA and protein was up-regulated in groups L,TP1 and TP2,whlie TNF-α concentrations in serum and BLAF were significantly decreased,expression of TLR4 mRNA and protein was down-regulated in group TP3 ( P ＜ 0.05).Compared with groups L and TP1,PaO2 was significantly increased at 6 and 12 h after administration,DAD score,W/D lung weight ratio and TNF-α concentrations in serum and BLAF were decreased,expression of TLR4 mRNA and protein was down-regulated in groups TP2 and TP3 ( P ＜ 0.05).There was no siginificant difference in blood gas parameters,DAD score and W/D lung weight ratio between group L and group TP1 and between group TP2 and TP3 ( P ＞ 0.05).Compared with group TP2,TNF-α concentrations in serum and BLAF were significantly decreased,expression of TLR4 mRNA and protein was down-regulated in group TP3 (P ＜ 0.05).The lung pathologic injury was reduced in groups TP1-3 as compared with group L.Conclusion Triptolide can attenuate acute lung injury induced by LPS in a dose-dependent manner in rats,and the inhibition of up-regulation of TLR4 expression and release of TNF-α may be involved in the mechanism.

Objective To investigate the lung CT findings in patients with primary Sj(o)gren's syndrome (pSS) and clinical significance.Methods Images of lung CT scans of 68 patients with pSS were retrospectively observed.The distribution characteristics of lung lesions were observed.CT visual score were used to quantitatively analyze lung lesions.Binary classification unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and anti-SSB seropositivity in Patients with pSS.Results The 68 cases of patients with pSS,PAH in 13 (19％),anti-SSB seropositivity in 25(37％),CT shows normal in 13 (19％),interlobular septal thickening,ground-glass opacity and intralobular interstitial thickening were frequent findings.The lesion distribution was in the peripheral and lower lung fields.Interlobular septal thickening and cysts were associated with PAH in Patients with pSS (OR=1.780,2.513,P＜0.05),cysts was significantly associated with anti-SSB seropositivity (OR =10.530,P＜0.05).Conclusion Lung CT can quantitatively analyze the degree of pSS lung damage,and provide helps for clinical treatment and prognosis.

Objective To analyze the features of poststroke depression (PSD) between men and women after acute ischemic stroke in China. Methods A total of 1917 ischemic stroke patients were enrolled from the Prospective Cohort Study on Incidence and Outcome of Patients with Poststroke Depression in China. The incidence of PSD and the features were compared between male and female patients. The factors related with PSD of every gender were extracted with Logistic regression analysis. Results The incidence of PSD was higher in women than in men (32.9% vs. 26.6%, P<0.01). There was no difference in the stroke score between women and men (P>0.05). The score of Hamilton Depression Scale was higher in the women than in the men, and the features were similar. Logistic regression analysis indicated that the history of heart disease, history of mental disorders and stroke score related with PSD in women, while the age, history of mental disorders, smoking and stroke score in men. Conclusion The incidence and related factors of PSD 2 weeks after ischemic stroke are different between men and women.

Objective To analyze the examination results of external quality assessment (EQA),at all levels of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) network laboratories in Ningxia Province and to further standardize and improve the laboratory,and to provide a reliable laboratory quality assurance for surveillance and control of IDD.Methods The examination results of EQA at all levels of IDD laboratories in Ningxia Province were statistically analyzed in accordance with the National Reference Laboratory (NRL) of IDD (2002-2011).Results Laboratory hardware equipment and technology at all levels met the testing requirements,and qualified rate of quality control increased year by year.Both of the response rate and qualification rate of urine iodine laboratories at provincial level were 100％ in the past decade.From 2005 on,the response rate of city laboratories had been 100％,and the qualification rate had been 100％ since 2007.The response rate and qualification rate of salt iodine laboratories at both the provincial level and the city level were 100％ in the past decade.The response rate of salt iodine laboratories at county level had been 100％ since 2004,and the qualification rate had been 100％ since 2009.Salt iodine and urinary iodine levels were fully qualified for the past three years at provincial,municipal and county levels.Conclusions All levels of IDD network laboratory in Ningxia Province runs good,EQA is fully qualified,and is able to provide a reliable laboratory quality assurance for surveillance and control of IDD.

BACKGROUND:Many studies have confirmed that recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 plays a very important role in bone formation and fracture healing, but recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 alone implanted is prone to diffusion and degradation, which is unable to play a persistent role in new bone formation. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 composite bone in the rabbit lumbar fusion. METHODS:Thirty New Zealand white rabbits were selected to make posterior lumbar intertransverse fusion models, and then were randomly divided into three groups, in which, L5-6 intertransverse implantation of autologous iliac bone, al ogeneic bone and recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 composite bone (recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 and al ogeneic bone complex) was done respectively. At 6 weeks after implantation, gross observation, X-ray examination and histological observation were performed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Fusion rate and percentage of new bone area were higher in the composite bone group than the autologous iliac bone and al ogeneic bone groups (P<0.05);the tensile strength was lower in the al ogeneic bone group than the other two groups (P<0.05), but there was no difference between these two groups except the al ogeneic bone group. X-ray films showed cal us formation in the implanted region of the three groups. In the autologous iliac bone group, a large amount of cartilage tissues formed along with a smal amount of bone trabeculae and a certain amount of woven bones. In the al ogeneic bone group, the implant was covered with a large amount of fibrous tissues, bone island was seen and there was also a smal amount of bone trabeculae and cartilage tissues. In the composite bone group, a great amount of bone trabeculae and cartilage tissues were visible to form woven bone and cortical bone. These findings indicate that the recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 composite bone can obtain good effect in the rabbit lumbar fusion.

BACKGROUND:Posterior maleolar fracture is an important factor affecting the prognosis of ankle fractures. Posterior maleolar fracture often caused by high energy trauma. Using what kind of fixation and fixation materials biomechanics, and how to embed has become a current research hotspot. OBJECTIVE:To compare the clinical outcomes of different fixation materials on posterior maleolar fracture, and analyze the effect of different fixation methods on biomechanical outcome of posterior maleolar fracture fixation, so as to provide a basis and reference of selecting the best fixation for the clinical treatment of ankle fracture. METHODS: The relevant literature included by PubMed database and the China National Knowledge database from the year of 1976 to 2015 were retrieved by the first author through computer. English key words are “Ankle fracture; internal fixation; biomechanics; biocompatibility”, Chinese language search terms are “posterior maleolar fracture; internal fixation; biomechanics; biocompatibility”. Summarize the most commonly used metal fixation materials and absorbable content materials. The clinical commonly used metal fixation materials including bone plate and screws, absorbable fixation materials such as biodegradable material polylactic acid, polyethylene plastic ester, polylactide gum ester, etc. The biomechanical properties were analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The new locking screw can withstand more buckling and shear force. Lag screw has a tapping action, and the puling was stronger after tapping, but for patients with osteoporosis, the pressure effect of screw on fracture fragments was limited, the strength was not enough, at this time, locking plate should be used. Locking plate has a greater stability and higher confrontational feature to bending stress, less likely to pul out. Steel coupling screw provides better stability. To avoid secondary removing of the fixation, stress protection after fixation and other shortcomings after the metal material fixation fracture healing, the strength of the absorbable fixation material made by biodegradable material polylactic acid, polyvinyl acetate glue and polypropylene plastic ester after high temperature and pressure processing was increased. Absorbable fixation material may overcome the adverse effects associated with metal fixation, such as imageological examination, secondary implant removal. These results show that the mechanical properties of the absorbable screws are more closer to human bone, no surrounding bone vulnerability due to stress shields, no osteoporosis occurs, and can degrade in the body, but its fixation strength is stil less than the traditional fixed screw and bone plate. We should choose a suitable fixation material according to the forces of fracture site and the size of the fracture fragments.

Objective To detect the protective mechanism of trehalose in tracheal cryopreservation.Methods Inbred male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were sacrificed with intraperitoneal injection of ketamine(150mg?kg -1).The tracheas were removed and immersed immediately in the freezing medium of low potassium dextran (LPD) solution only(Group Ⅰ) ,containing with 10% dimethylsulfoxide(DMSO)(Group Ⅱ), containing with 0.15mol?L -1 trehalose (Group Ⅲ),and containing with 10% DMSO and 0.15mol?L -1 trehalose (Group Ⅳ) respectively. A sterile plastic tube containing a 1-cm-long trachea was filled with the freezing medium,sealed,and frozen to -80℃ at rate of -1℃ per minute in a programmable freezer.Then the tube was stored in liquid nitrogen(-196℃) for 20 days. Then the specimen was thawed in a 37℃ water bath and rinsed with physiologic saline solution 10 times.Histologic changes before cryopreservation and after thawing were examined in each group. After the specimens were embedded in paraffin,5-(m-thick sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin.The epithelium and cartilage was assessed. We also observed Bcl-2 and Bax gene expression by immunohistochemistry. At last, some tracheas(SD) after cryopreservation were thawed and transplanted into the abdominal cavity of Wistar rats. The transplanted tracheas were retrieved and assessed histologically.Results Microscopic findings of the tracheas in Group Ⅲ and Group Ⅳ showed their structure were intact and Bax gene expression was lower in cartilage after cryopreservation(20d) compared with other groups,especially in Group Ⅳ.The tracheas in Group Ⅲ and Group Ⅳ grew well after they were transplanted into cavity of Wistar rats heterotopically,too.There were no significant differences among 4 groups in Bcl-2 gene expression.Conclusion In tracheal cryopreservation the trehalose can protect the trachea by protecting the tracheal cartilage.It is one of the protective mechanism that the trehalose inhibit the Bax gene expression of cartilage cells.The concomitant use of trehalose and DMSO has a synergistic effect.

AIM:To explore the molecular mechanism through which curcumin reverses hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-induced resistance to gefitinib in lung cancer cells.METHODS:The methods of MTT assay, wound healing assay and Western blot were used to observe the effects of HGF, curcumin and gefitinib on the migration, drug susceptibility, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and related signaling pathways in the PC9 lung cancer cells.RESULTS:HGF reduced susceptibility of the PC9 cells to gefitinib, and curcumin significantly reversed HGF-induced resistance to gefitinib.HGF induced migration and epihelial-mesenchymal transition, and promoted c-Met/AKT/mTOR pathway activation in the PC9 cells.Gefitinib alone did not prevent the above activities.However, combined with curcumin, gefitinib prevented the above activities.CONCLUSION:Curcumin reverses HGF-induced resistance of the PC9 cells to gefitinib by preventing epithelial-mesenchymal transition and inhibiting c-Met/AKT/mTOR activation.