Abstract: Molecular genetic map is a fundamental organizational tool for genomic research. However, a genetic linkage map for Bupleurum chinense DC. has not been developed. In this study, with the theory of pseudo-testcross, 96 F1 plants from an intraspecific cross of B. chinense were used as mapping populations. Twenty eight ISSR (inter-simple sequence repeat) primers and 44 SSR (simple sequence repeat) primers were used to detect the polymorphisms between the parental plants, and of them, 28 ISSRs and 14 SSRs were selected to analyze the F1 populations. The map consisted of 13 linkage groups which included 80 (72 ISSRs and 8 SSRs) loci, and covered 2 633.9 cM with an average density of 33.4 cM. All 13 linkage groups consisted of 2-31 loci ranging in length from 15.4-1295.7 cM. This map will provide a basis for studies on gene mapping, map-based cloning and maker-assisted selection of important traits in B. chinense.

The effects of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on neural differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in vitro and the possible mechanism were observed. The hESCs lines, TJMU1 and TJMU2, were established and stored by our laboratory. hESCs differentiated into neuronal cells through embryonic body formation. In this induction process, hESCs were divided into three groups: group A, routine induction; group B, routine induction+10 ng/mL VEGF; group C, routine induction+10 ng/mL VEGF+10 ng/mL VEGFR2/Fc. OCT4, Nestin and GFAP in each group were detected by RT-PCR, and the cells expressing Nestin and GFAP were counted by immunofluorescence. The percentage of Nestin positive cells in group B was significantly higher than in groups A and C, while the percentage of GFAP positive cells in group B was significantly lower than in groups A and C (P<0.01). There was no significant difference between groups A and C (P>0.05). It was concluded that VEGF, via VEGFR2, stimulated the neural differentiation of hESCs in vitro.

Objective:To observe the nutritional status and respiratory function of the patients with mechanical ventilation in Intensive Care Unit after high fat and low carbohydrate enteral nutrition treatment.Methods:271 patients with mechanical ventilation in Intensive Care Unit were randomly divided into two groups:study group and control group.The study group was given high fat and low carbohydrate enteral nutrition treatment,while the control group with Enteral Nutritional Suspension.Thealbumin,prealbumin,blood gas analysis(PaC02,Pa0) and RQ,VC02,V02,IgG,CD4,CD4/CD8 were observed.Results:After nutritional support,nutritional status of two groups were improved,but there was no significant difference regarding the serum albumin and prealbumin.The PaO2,VO2,VCO2,RQ,IgG,CD4,CD4/CD8 and the total time of mechanical ventilation were improved,and the study group was superior to the control group.Conclusion:High fat and low carbohydrate enteral nutrition improves the nutritional status and respiratory function of the patients with mechanical ventilation in Intensive Care Unit,and decreases the total time of mechanical ventilation and total medical expenses.

This study was aimed to establish an identification method for Spatholobus suberectus and its adulterants by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Near-infrared diffuse reflection spectroscopy (NIRDRS) spectra of different S. suberectus and its adulterants were acquired by using OPUS INDENT analysis software. NIRDRS spectra clustering analysis model and identification model were established and verified. The results showed that S. suberectus from dif-ferent regions and its adulterants were identified successfully by clustering analysis model and identification model. It was concluded that Spatholobus suberectus and its adulterants can be identified rapidly and non-destructively by NIRS.

Objective To evaluate the difference of carotid intimal medial thickness (IMT) among different glucose tolerance status and to investigate the association of IMT with different glucose levels of 4 time points during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and the lipid metabolic indices in non-diabetic subjects. Methods Eleven normal control subjects, 69 subjects with impaired glucose regulation (IGR) newly diagnosed by OGTT (including 28 patients with non-elevated OGTT 30 min and 60 min glucose values (

AIM: To investigate the protective effect and mechanisms of di-ao-xin-xue-kang (DK) on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion. METHODS: Models of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion were constructed with sixteen mongrel dogs. The left ventricular pressure (LVSP), the marximal/minimum rate of LVSP (?dp/dt max) and the serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined before and 90 minutes after occlusion, 120 and 240 minutes after reperfusion, and the MDA content in myocardial cell membrane prepared at 240 minutes after reperfusion was determined. The oxygen free radical was assayed with electron spin resonace spectroscopy (ESR) technique. RESULTS: ① LVSP and ?dp/dt max in the normal saline control (NS) group decreased with the time progress of occlusion-reperfusion, and it was the same in DK group, but the levels were significantly higher than that in NS group (P

Objective To investigate the changes and significance of autophagy in rats with experimental acute necrosis pancreatitis (ANP).Methods According to method of random number,18 rats were randomly divided into control group,ANP group,ANP+rapamycin (RAP) group.The ANP rat model was established by intraperitoneal injection of 20％ L-arginine.The rats of ANP+RAP group were intraperitoneal injected with RAP 1.2 mg/kg at 30 minutes before modeling.The rats of control group were intraperitoneal injected with 0.9％ NaCl solution.The blood was drawed from the hearts nine hours after modeling for subsequent experiments.Serum levels of trypsinogen activation peptide (TAP),interleukin (IL-1),IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The pancreatic tissues were pathologically scored.Autophagy-related structures in rat pancreatic acinar cells were observed by transmition electron microscopy.The expression of autophagy marker microtuble assciated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)-Ⅱ and Beclin-1 at mRNA and protein level were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR),Western bloting and immunohistochemistry.The single factor analysis of variance was used for mean comparison among groups.Results A rat model of ANP was successfully established.Histopathological score of pancreas acinar cell necrosis of ANP+RAP group (2.19±1.38) was higher than that of ANP group (0.97±0.68),and the difference was statistically significant(F=33.75,P＜0.05).The results of Western blotting indicated that the protein expression of LC3-Ⅱ and Beclin-1 in ANP group (35.25±2.68 and 49.40±5.28)were higher than those in control group (1.54±0.16 and 0.78±0.06),furthermore the expressions in ANP+RAP group(123.53±3.21 and 76.41±3.80) were higher than those in ANP group,and the differences were statistically significant(F=2 045.54,326.87,both P＜0.01).Immunohistochemistry results also indicated that the LC3Ⅱ and Beclin-1 expression at protein level of ANP+RAP group (7 570.63±4 357.67 and 3 418.09±2 035.78) were higher than those of ANP group (1 926.53±1 414.44 and 536.11±403.10),and the differences were statistically significant (F=39.83,41.58,both P＜0.01).The expression of Beclin-1 at mRNA level of ANP group (107.12±29.10) was statistically higher than that of control group(7.01 ±3.39),and the difference was statistically significant (F=3.61,P＜0.05),but the expression of ANP+RAP group (97.63 ± 65.38)was no significant difference compared with ANP group.However,the expression of LC3-Ⅱ at mRNA level of ANP+ RAP group (4.37 ± 1.67) was statistically higher than that of ANP group (1.76 ± 1.59),and the difference was statistically significant(F=16.10,P＜0.05),but the expression of ANP group was no significant difference compared with control group (1.51 ±0.95).The result of electron microscopy showed that autophagy related structures increased in ANP group compared with that of control group,which of ANP+RAP group was more.The serum levels of TAP,IL-1 and IL-6 of ANP + RAP group were (36.47 ± 1.71) pmol/L,(122.88± 26.67) pg/mL and (107.39±13.95) pg/mL,which were all higher than those of ANP group ((25.63 ± 6.05) pmol/L,(98.06 ±9.29) pg/mL and (86.16± 7.20) pg/mL),and the differences were statistically significant (F=116.71,50.45,79.67; all P＜0.01).There was no significant difference in TNFα between ANP+ RAP group ((140.80±60.82) pg/mL) and ANP group ((105.23±6.95) pg/mL,F=14.76,P＞0.05).Conclusions Autophagy increased in rats with ANP.Promoting autophagy could significantly activate trypsinogen,aggravate pancreatic injury and increase inflammation reaction,which indicated that autophagy might involve in the pathogenesis of ANP through trypsinogen activation.

Objective With density in healthy people pharyngeal flora of the reference[1],study the respiratory tract infection and the treatment process of the change of density and pharyngeal flora infection treatment of correlation analysis,by using the density of the pharyngeal flora changes to evaluate the treatment of patients with respiratory tract infection and progno-sis.Methods Collected 102 cases of patients with upper respiratory tract infection and 219 cases of lower respiratory tract infection in patients with pharyngeal swab for bacterial culture,study clinical symptom change with the change of pharyngeal bacteria density of correlation.Results 62 cases of upper respiratory tract infection and the treatment group patients with pharyngeal flora normal no treatment group on the symptoms improved and recovered,no statistical difference (P >0.05), and 60 patients with upper respiratory tract infection and pharyngeal abnormal bacterium group the treatment group and treatment group in pharyngeal flora and CPIS score was statistically difference (P <0.05).For 219 patients with lower re-spiratory tract,including 121 cases of bacterial pneumonia,74 cases of severe pneumonia,and 24 cases of patients with lung abscess treatment observation,found that when back to normal pharyngeal flora,the accuracy of clinical pathological changes were 92.6%,86.5% and 87.5%,respectively.Conclmion Pharyngeal bacteria density between healthy people maintained a certain bacteria species and the number of stable,but when respiratory infections bacteria can disorders with the application of broad-spectrum antibiotics can lead to serious result in pharyngeal dysbacteriosis should be combined with pharyngeal bacteria in respiratory anti-infection treatment density changes to evaluate the clinical treatment,can reduce the number of days with antibiotics,patients with avoid induce drug-resistant bacteria and respiratory dysbacteriosis.

Objective To observe tigecycline (TGC),minocycline (MH)and polymyxin B (PB)in vitro antibacterial activity of pan-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (PDR-Ab)for clinical treatment,provide the basis for infection control.Methods Collected 76 patients’clinical specimens used for no repeat count of isolation and identification with pan-resistant Acineto-bacter baumannii in Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital from October 2013 to March 2013.Used tigecycline,minocycline and polymyxin B to do susceptibility testing with disk diffusion method (KB).Results 76 pan-resistant Acinetobacter bau-mannii ,sensitive to the rate for tigecycline and polymyxin B were 100% sensitivity rate of minocycline and intermediary rates were 67.11%,27.63%.Conclusion Tigecycline,minocycline and polymyxin B for the Pan-resistant Acinetobacter bau-mannii had good in vitro antibacterial activity.It provide a reference for clinical pan-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infec-tions caused by diseases treatment.

Objective To study the effects of urinary kallidinogenase (kallikrein) on focal cerebral blood flow (CBF) following cerebral infarction in rats by laser speckle imaging.Methods Permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by the intraluminal filament technique.Laser speckle imaging was used to measure CBF in the ischemic cortical area and middle cerebral artery territory.The brain was stained with 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) to determine the infarct size.Neurological deficit score was measured.Results CBF increased in both hemispheric cortical area and MCA territory on the first and second days following urinary kallikrein administration at high dose but not at low dose.Larger blood vessel diameter and increased blood flow velocity were noticed in the high dose group in some arteries when compared to the low dose group and normal saline control group.At 36 h after cerebral ischemia,the brain infarct size was 10.14% ±3.02% ,25.99% ±3.90% and 27.10% ±3.32% in high, low dose and normal saline control groups,respectively.The infarct size was significantly smaller in the high ( F = 61.14, P<0.01 ) but not low dose group when compared to the normal saline control group.The neurological deficit was milder in the high dose group but not the other two groups at 4 h after cerebral ischemia; however, there were no differences among the groups at 36 h after MCAO.Conclusions Urinary kallidinogenase can reduce cerebral infarction volume and neurological deficit in rats following focal cerebral ischemia.These effects may be attributed to enhanced collateral circulation and improved CBF in the hemispheric cortical area and MCA territory.