Dysregulated cell cycle-mediated cell transformation and uncontrolled cell growth are some of the fundamental biolog-ical features of malignant tumors. Thus, understanding the mechanism(s) involved in the cell cycle will facilitate the discovery of the na-ture of tumor initiation and progression as well as the molecular mechanism of tumor malignancy. Consequently, biomarkers and drug targets for early diagnosis and treatment would be obtained. This study was designed to analyze in detail the key regulators of cell cycle and their importance in carcinogenesis and clinical prevention, diagnosis and treatment, and anti-cancer drug discovery. The biological impact of the dysregulated cell cycle on tumor occurrence and malignancy development is systematically described. The theoretical and practical significance of the cell cycle regulation in tumor diagnosis and therapy are also provided.

Objective To study the effect of nutrition supports in aged mechanically ventilated patients fol-lowing thracic trauma. Methods 48 aged mechanically ventilated patients following thracic trauma were randomly divided into two groups,patients in treatment group( n = 24) received EEN and PN,control group( n = 24) only re-ceived TPN. Compared the nutritional index, time of mechanical ventilation and compared the complications such as windy,intestine paralysis, alimentary tract heorrhage, second heavy infection, hypohepatia and high blood glucose.Results The nutritional index between treatment group and control group had no statistical difference,but the time of mechanical ventilation and the ratio of the complications in control group were higher than that in-treatment group (P < 0.01). Conclusion EEN and PN can improve nutritional condition, have less complieations, promoting the pa-tient recovers form illness.

BACKGROUND: There are some adverse reactions when bone morphogenetic protein-2 is applied independently in clinic; therefore, it is urgent to develop an ideal carrier material to reduce the incidence of adverse reactions induced by bone morphogenetic protein-2. OBJECTIVE:To comprehensively understand the performance of different kinds of bone morphogenetic protein-2 carrier materials, and to summarize their research progress in the field of spinal fusion. METHODS:The literatures about bone morphogenetic protein-2 scaffolds in spinal fusion were retrieved by the first author from PubMed and Wanfang datebase durings July 1, 1995 to July 1, 2015 with the key words of“tissue engineering, bone morphogenetic protein-2, spinal fusion, scaffold” in English and Chinese, respectively. Repetitive studies were excluded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Bone morphogenetic protein-2 carrier materials mainly include four categories: natural biological materials, synthetic organic materials, synthetic inorganic materials and composite materials, each of which has several representative scaffold materials. Each category has their own shortcomings when applied in animal spinal fusion, for instance, the mechanical properties of natural biological materials are generaly poor; synthetic organic materials may cause inflammatory reactions; the mechanical strength of synthetic inorganic materials is poor and the production process of composite materials is relatively complicated. Therefore, the selection of bone morphogenetic protein-2 carrier materials stil needs further experimental study.

Objective To retrieve and analyze domestic and international literatures about antibody-drug conjugates, and understand the recent progress and current situation.Methods PubMed, Web of Science and CNKI were searched to collect all the literatures connected with ADCs from the beginning to January, 2016.Endnote X7 was used to sort out and summarize.The type of literature, published year, first author, research institution, published journal, cited frequency, research contents and patent situation were analyzed with bibliometric methods.Results A total of 645 literatures were included, among which 495 were foreign articles and 150 were Chinese articles.The literatures greatly increased after the 21st century.The top one nation and journal which published the most articles were America and Clinical Cancer Research, respectively.Krop IE and Younes A published the most articles.Among them, the most frequently cited paper was cited up to 686 times.Selection of the targets, site-specific drug conjugation to antibodies and cytotoxic agents were frequently involved.Conclusion ADCs, which have made breakthrough progress, are the focus in the field of cancer research.However, there is still room for improvement, and we still need further exploration.

Objective:To observe the nutritional status and respiratory function of the patients with mechanical ventilation in Intensive Care Unit after high fat and low carbohydrate enteral nutrition treatment.Methods:271 patients with mechanical ventilation in Intensive Care Unit were randomly divided into two groups:study group and control group.The study group was given high fat and low carbohydrate enteral nutrition treatment,while the control group with Enteral Nutritional Suspension.Thealbumin,prealbumin,blood gas analysis(PaC02,Pa0) and RQ,VC02,V02,IgG,CD4,CD4/CD8 were observed.Results:After nutritional support,nutritional status of two groups were improved,but there was no significant difference regarding the serum albumin and prealbumin.The PaO2,VO2,VCO2,RQ,IgG,CD4,CD4/CD8 and the total time of mechanical ventilation were improved,and the study group was superior to the control group.Conclusion:High fat and low carbohydrate enteral nutrition improves the nutritional status and respiratory function of the patients with mechanical ventilation in Intensive Care Unit,and decreases the total time of mechanical ventilation and total medical expenses.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of consciousness-restoring needling combined with comprehensive rehabilitation training on motor function and the activities of daily living of poststroke patients with hemiplegia. Methods Sixty qualified patients were evenly randomized into observation group and control group. All of the patients were given conventional medicine treatment and conventional rehabilitation training, and the treatment group was given consciousness-restoring needling additionally. The therapeutic effects were compared at the end of first session of treatment for 4 weeks and 12 weeks after the first session of treatment. The Fugl-Meyer motor assessment scale (FMA), modified Barthel Index (MBI) and Stroke-Specific Quality of Life Scale ( SS-QQL) were taken as the main evaluation indexes. Results The differences of FMA, MBI and SS-QOL scores were insignificant between the two groups before treatment ( P>0.05). At the end of treatment for 4 weeks, FMA, MBI and SS-QOL scores were increased in the two groups (P<0.05), and the increase was more obvious in the observation group (P<0.05). The results of follow-up till the 12th week showed that FMA, MBI and SS-QOL scores were still higher than the baseline level ( P<0.05). Conclusion Consciousness-restoring needling combined with comprehensive rehabilitation training has better effect on improving motor function and the activities of daily living of poststroke hemiplegia patients than comprehensive rehabilitation training alone.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the bone development activity and differences in safety of ethanol extract (EE) and water decoction (WD) of Psoralea corylifolia L.efficiently.METHODS Zebrafish larvae were co-exposed to prednisolone 25 μmol· L-1 and different concentrations of EE and WD (0.1,1.0,10 and 100 mg crude drug· L-1),and etidronate disodium (ED) 30 mg·L-1.All these groups were incubated at 28.5℃ until 9 dpf.The medium solution was changed every other day.Zebrafish skeleton at 9 dpf was stained with alizarin red and inspected under an optical microscope,in addition,the death toll and organ toxicity of zebrafish were also observed.The mRNA expression of osteoprotegrin (OPG) and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) in 9 dpf zebrafish were determined with fluorescence quantitative PCR.Zebrafish embryos (1 dpf) were exposed to various concentrations of EE (10,20,30,35,40,50 and 60 mg crude drug· L-1),WD (10,50,100,125,150,175,200 and 500 mg crude drug· L-1),psoralen (12.5,25.0,50.0,100.0,200.0 and 400.0 μmol·L-1) and bakuchiol (1,5,10,25 and 50 μmol· L-1).Embryonic morphology of zebrafish (3 dpf) was inspected with an optical microscope and the death toll of embryos or larvale was counted from 2 dpf to 9 dpf and LC50was calculated.Components of EE and WD ware analyzed by HPLC method.RESULTS Both EE (0.1 mg crude drug· L-1) and WD (1.0 mg crude drug· L-1) groups could increase the staining area and optical density values of zebrafish skeleton compared with prednisolone group (P＜0.01),indicating the increase in bone mineralization;the OPG mRNA expression in both EE and WD (1.0 mg crude drug· L-1) groups increased,while the RANKL mRNA expression decreased (P＜0.01) and the ratio of OPG/RANKL improved obviously (P＜0.01).Embryos exposed to EE,WD,psoralen and bakuchiol showed swelling of the heart and yalk sac,and decrease in GOT.The LC50 of WD and psoralen was 5～8 and 5～21 times that EE and bakuchiol,respectively.The composition and relative content of EE and WD also varied considerably.CONCLUSION Bone development activity and toxicity of EE are both stronger than those of WD.The lipid soluble characteristic components of Psoralea corylifolia L.,may be critical components of toxicity.

This study was aimed to establish an identification method for Spatholobus suberectus and its adulterants by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Near-infrared diffuse reflection spectroscopy (NIRDRS) spectra of different S. suberectus and its adulterants were acquired by using OPUS INDENT analysis software. NIRDRS spectra clustering analysis model and identification model were established and verified. The results showed that S. suberectus from dif-ferent regions and its adulterants were identified successfully by clustering analysis model and identification model. It was concluded that Spatholobus suberectus and its adulterants can be identified rapidly and non-destructively by NIRS.

Objective To explore the feasibility of establishing porcine model for training of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) guided celiac plexus paracentesis.Methods A total of 6 healthy pigs were sedated with an intramuscular injection of Ketamin at 10 mg/kg,followed by intravenous injection of 3% pentobarbital at 0.8 ml/kg.EUS was then performed and empty seeds were implanted into celiac plexus.Enhanced CT scan was performed to confirm the location of the implanted seeds.Results No animal died after the procedure.All seeds were accurately distributed on both sides of the celiac trunk except in one pig the seed was found in stomach by CT scan and was re-implanted another day.Conclusion Pigs are similar to human in anatomic structure and they can be excellent models for beginner endoscopy physicians to acquire the skill of EUS guided celiac plexus paracentesis.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD)in treatment of patients with early gastric cancer(EGC).Methods A total of 4 3 consecutive patients with EGC were treated with ESD at Changhai Hospital from July 2007 to July 2008.The data referred to one-piece resection,histologically complete resection,operation time,complications,the post-ESD ulcer-healing and local recurrance were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsEn bloc resection was achieved in 97.7 0A(4 2/43)lesions in one-piece resection.The histologically complete resection rate was 95.3%(41/43).Only one patient had acute minor bleeding during the ESD procedure(2.3%,1/43)and one patient had delayed bleeding(2.3%,1/43).Post-ESD epigastric pain was found in 2 2 patients(51.2%).There was no complications such as acute major bleeding,perforation,requiring surgical treatment and death.The median operation time was 60.4 miutes.The post-ESD ulcer-healing was achieved in 100%(42/42)8 weeks after esomeprazole treatment.During follow-uP of 10.3 months(ranged from 8 to 1 8 months),no residual or local recurrence of EGC was seen.Conclusion ESD has the advantages of increasing one-piece resection and histologically curative resection rates.It is a safe and effective procedure in treatment of EGC.