Objective To discuss the effect of polysaccharides from Tegillarca granosa as an adjuvant on pcDNA3.1?Sj26GST vaccine against Schistosoma japonicum infection. Methods Sixty SPF BALB/c mice were divided into four groups randomly(15 mice each group),including a control group,a polysaccharides group,a vaccine group,and a vaccine plus poly?saccharides group. In the 0,2th and 4th week of the experiment,the mice in the above four groups were immunized for 3 times with 100μl PBS,100μg polysaccharides from Tegillarca granosa,100μg Sj26GST vaccine,and 100μg Sj26GST vaccine plus equivalent polysaccharides,respectively. Two weeks after the last immunization,all the mice were infected with 40 ± 1 Schistosoma japonicum cercariae through the skin of the abdomen. After the infection for 6 weeks,all the mice were sacrificed, and their serums,livers and the adult worm of Schistosoma japonicum in them were collected,the specific sera IgG antibodies were detected by ELISA,and the worm reduction rates and egg reduction rates in the liver were calculated. Results Six weeks after the infection,the IgG antibody levels of the mice in the vaccine group and the vaccine plus polysaccharides group were 18.26 ± 0.42 mg/ml and 20.21 ± 0.89 mg/ml respectively,the difference between them were statistically significant,and both of the IgG levels of the above groups were significantly higher than those in the control(both P<0.05). The worm reduction rate and egg reduction rate in the vaccine group were 28.60%and 35.84%,respectively,and the rates in the vaccine plus polysac?charides group were 38.04% and 49.74%,respectively,the differences between the worm reduction rates and egg reduction rates were both statistically significant(both P<0.05). Meanwhile,the two rates in the two above groups were all significantly higher than those in the control group(all P<0.01). Conclusion Polysaccharides from Tegillarca granosa using as an adju?vant can increase the protection effect of pcDNA3.1?Sj26GST vaccine against Schistosoma japonicum infection.

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical effects of anterior corpectomy decompression and titanium mesh bone graft fusion combined with titanium plate fixation in treatting multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy.

METHODSThe clinical data of 48 patients with multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy underwent surgical operation were retrospectively analyzed from October 2010 to January 2013. There were 37 males and 11 females, aged from 37 to 76 years old with an average of 54.6 years. Thirty-five cases were two-segment lesion, 7 cases were three-segment lesion, 6 cases were four-segment lesion. All the patients were treated by anterior corpectomy decompression and titanium mesh bone graft fusion combined with titanium plate fixation. ROM, JOA, VAS and SF-36 scores were recorded before and after operation(including 3, 6, 12 months after operation and final follow-up). Fusion degree and spinal canal decompression condition were observed by radiographic data.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 14 to 48 months, with an average of 27.3 months. At 12 months after surgery, radiographic data showed that all patients obtained bony fusion, spinal canal decompression were sufficient. Preoperative vertebral canal sagittal diameter of the most serious segment were (5.13 +/- 1.32) mm, 12 months after surgery were (9.94 +/- 1.22) mm, there was statistically significance (t=2.463, P=0.014); the degree of vertebral canal decompression were (92.15 +/- 2.35)%. Postoperative ROM, JOA, VAS and SF-36 scores were obviously improved than that of preoperative (P<0.05); there was no statistically significance of ROM, JOA, VAS and SF-36 scores in each time after operation (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONAnterior corpectomy decompression and titanium mesh bone graft fusion combined with titanium plate fixation can obtain higher fusion rate, complete thoroughly decompression, improvement of clinical symptoms and well safety in treating multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy.

Adult ; Aged ; Bone Plates ; Bone Transplantation ; Cervical Vertebrae ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Decompression, Surgical ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostheses and Implants ; Radiography ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Cord Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Spondylosis ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To observe the effects of different dosages of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) on generating the routine bone marrow dendritic cells, and supply suitable dosage of GM-CSF on preparation of dendritic cell vaccines used for different purpose. Methods Using low (5 ng/ml) and conventional (20 ng/ml) and high dosage( 50 ng/ml ) of GM-CSF combined interleukin-4 ( IL-4 ) to induce murine bone marrow dendritic cells were performed, The phenotypes (CD_(11c), CD_(80), CD_(86)) and functional properties of the DC were compared by FACS analysis and MLR. Results The DC induced by low dosage of GM-CSF were immature DC, expressing low CD_(11c), CD_(80), and CD_(86). DC induced by conventional dosage were functional mature, expressing higher CD_(11c), CD_(80), CD_(86), which could induce allogeneic T lymphocyte responses. DC induced by the high dosage GM-CSF were the most phetotypicaUy and functional mature cells, expressing the highest CD_(11c), CD_(80) CD_(86), which could induce the strongest allogeneic T lymphocyte responses. Conclusion The dosages of GM-CSF affect the maturation stage of dendritic cells. Low dosage of GM-CSF generated immature dendritic cells, but conventional dosage and high dosage generated mature dendritic cells. DC generated through high dosage of GM-CSF were the most mature in phenotype and function.

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and donor lymphocyte infusion for multiple myeloma (MM) can induce graft-versus-myeloma immunity and long-term survival,but limited efficacy and associated toxicities have prevented its widespread application.Cellular immunotherapies and vaccines are explored to induce more specific,reliable,and potent antimyeloma immune responses with less treatmentrelated risk.Advances in molecular biology,basic and applied immunology,have led to several promising approaches such as genetically engineered T cells with chimeric antigen receptors and T-cell receptors targeting myeloma-specific epitopes,vaccine primed ex vivo expanded autologous T cells,expanded marrowinfiltrating lymphocytes,and plasma cell/dendritic cell fusion vaccines.The combination of these emerging therapies to immunomodulatory drugs and inhibitors of programmed death-1 T-cell regulatory pathways could improve the outcome for MM patients.This article reviews the latest progress of cellular and vaccine immunotherapy for MM at the 58th American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting,and discusses how these therapies might integrate and synergize with existing treatment paradigms.

Objective:To study the clinical and histological features of multiple meningiomas. Methods:39 cases of multiple meningiomas were analyzed retrospectively. The expressions of PR (Progesterone receptor) , p53 and MIB-1 were detected by immunohistochemistry in the samples of multiple meningiomas and solitary meningiomas. Results:Female predominance was obvious in cases of multiple meningiomas. The tumors had wide distributions with a main location in brain convexity. The results of immunohistochemistry showed stronger expression of PR and similar expression of p53 and MIB-1 in samples of multiple meningiomas than those in solitary meningiomas. Conclusion:The diagnosis of multiple meningiomas mainly depends on radiological examination. The pathogenesis of multiple meningiomas is probably related to progesterone and its receptor, and it is most likely monoclonal origin.

Objective To stuay the serum levels of sCD40L,hsCRP,ICAM-1 and VCAM-1,and the expression of CD40L of the CD4+T cells in patients withacute coronary syndrome(ACS),and to explore the relationship between CD40L and inflammatory factors and the effects of CD40/CD40L on ACS.Method Thirty-two coronary heart disease patients without history of other discernible systemic disease and medicine of steroids or immunosuppressants taken were divided into acute myocardial infarction group(AMI,n=11),unstable angina pectoris group(USP,n=14)and stable angina pectoris group(SAP,n=7).The control group was composed of eight healthy volunteers(CON group).Theexpression of CD40L Was determined by flow cytometry(FCM).Serum sCD40L.ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 were determined by using ELISA.The serum hsCRP was assayed by using immunoturbidimetry.Data were analyzed with SPSS 11.0 software for windows.Results The expression percentage(%)of CD40L of the CD4+T cells,and the serum levels of sCD40L,hsCRP,ICAM-1 and VCAM-1were sifnificantly higher in patients of AMI group than those in patients of other groups(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Similarly,those biomarkers in patients of UAP group were usually higher than those in patients of CON or SAP groups(P＜0.05).There Was a positive correlation between the expression of CD40L and the serum level of VCAM-1 in paients of AMI group(P＜0.05),and likewise,a positive correlation also existed between the serum level of sCD40L and other factors,hsCRP,ICAM-1 as well as VCAM-1,in patients of AMI group(P＜0.05).Conclusions The enhanced expression of CD40L of the CD4+T cells and high serum level of sCD40L are present in patients with acute coronary syndrome.The hsCRP,ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 play roles in the pathogenesis of ACS,and they have correlation with enhanced expression of CD40L and high serum level of sCD40L.Therefore,CD40L and sCD40L may be used as indicators of risk in coronary heart disease.

Objective To investigate the distribution of nail disorders in patients with a chief complaint of nail abnormalities. Methods From May 2007 to May 2010, patients who attended the dermatology outpatient clinic with a chief complaint of nail abnormalities were included in this study. Routine dermatological examination together with fungal culture, microscopic and pathological examination of affected nails was carried out to clarify the diagnosis of nail disorders. The results were statistically analyzed. Results Of the 2776 cases,onychomycosis accounted for 45.28% (1257), followed by paronychia (479, 17.26%) and psoriasis (122,4.39%). Conclusion In this region, patients with a chief complaint of nail disorders are most likely to suffer from nail infections.

Objective To study the expression of microRNA-301 in pancreatic carcinoma andvalidate the significance of miR-301 in invasion and metastasis of pancreatic carcinoma.Methods miR-301 expression were detected by FQ-PCR in 5 pancreatic cancer eell lines(PANC-1,PaCa-2,AsPC-1,Hs766T.BxPC-3).Further immunohistochemistry in pancreatic cancer tissue microarrays was detected miR-301 expression,which contained 60 pancreatic cancer specimens along with 10 normal adjacent tissues and 10 normal pancreas tissues.After high expression of miR-301 in pancreatic carcinoma being confirmed.the clinical significance of high expression of miR-301 in invasion and metastasis of pancreatic carcinoma were studed.Pancreatic cancer cell lines(PANC-1.PaCa-2)were transfected by 100 nmoml/L miR-301 inhibitor(anti-miR-301)or negative eontrol(Anti-miR~(TM) Negative Control#1).COX-2 and MMP-2 protein expression in pancreatic cancer cell lines were detected by WB.and cell migration assays were performed using transwell technology.Results FQ-PCR resuhs indicated that miR-301 expression was higher in pancreatic cancer cell lines than normal pancreatic cells.The relative level of miR-301 in 5 pancreatic cancer cell lines(PANC-1,PaCa-2,AsPC-1,Hs-766T,BxPC-3)and normal pancreatic cell were 33.09± 4.21,30.76±3.18,47.57±3.56,20.20 ±1.21,76.75±13.51 and 1.00±0.08 respectively.The miR-301 level in all 5 pancreatic cancer cells were significantly higher than those of normal pancreatic cell(t=8.86,9.53,6.39,6.77,11.18,P<0.01).Immunohistochemistry results also showed miR-301 expression was higher in pancreatic carcinoma tissues than those in the cancer adjacent tissues and normal pancreatic tissues.The relative levels of miR-301 in pancreatic carcinoma tissues.normal adjacent tissues and normal pancreas tissues were 0.88±0.09,0.22±0.04 and 0.14±0.05 respectively.The miR-301 levels in pancreatic carcinoma tissues were significantly higher than those of normal adjacent tissues and normal pancreatic tissues(t=15.1,10.6,P<0.01).There was no significant difference between normal adjacent tissues and normal pancreas tissues(t=1.32,P=0.22).After miR-301 inhibitor was introduced into pancreatic cancer cells PANC-1 and PaCa-2.miR-301 levels were reduced while the protein levels of COX-2 and MMP-2.which were invasion and metastasis related factors,were down-regulated.The cell migration assay indicated the numbers of PANC-1 and PaCa-2 cells,which migrated to lower chamber.were 587±27 and 363±13 respectively after miR-301 inhibitor was applied.The numbers of migrated cells were 1091 4-15.737±44 when the netative control was applied.The cell invasion ability was decreased significantly in the inhibitor group compared with the negative group(t=7.89,7.56,P<0.01).Conclusions miR-301 is highly expressed in pancreatic cancer cell lines and pancreatic cancer tissues.Inhibition of miR-301 expression can effectively supress the invasion of pancreatic cancer cells.miR-301 may serve as a new biomarker for early detection of pancreatic cancer and molecular target for early treatment of pancreatic cancer.

Objective To study the partial laboratory detection indicators in the patients with abnormal cystatin C (Cys C) . Methods The relevant data in the patients of our hospital from August 2014 to February 2014 were collected and the partial labo‐ratory detection indicators were compared between the patients with normal Cys C and the patients with abnormal Cys C .Results Cys C had statistical difference between the kidney disease group and the control group (P<0 .05);Cys C had statistical difference between the abnormal Cys C group and the control group (P<0 .05) ,RBC ,Hb ,HCT (male ,female) in the abnormal Cys C group were lower than the reference ranges ;while GLU ,TP and Alb in the abnormal Cys C group were within the reference ranges ,but lower than those in the control group ,UA was higher than that in the control group with statistical difference (P<0 .05) .Conclu‐sion Certain degree of malnutrition exists in the patients with abnormal Cys C .

Objective To investigate the effects of four tyrosine metabolites on the proliferation, cell cycle and chemosensitivity of lung cancer cells.Methods A549 cells were cultured with different concentrations of tyrosine metabolites:tyrosine, 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate(HPPA), homogentisic acid(HGA) and fumaric acid (FA) in vitro.High content imaging analysis system was used to monitor cell proliferation.Flow cytometry was used to detect cell cycle and apoptosis.Protein and mRNA level of Bax and Bcl-2 were measured by Western blot.Results Tyrosine metabolites had no effect on cell cycle and proliferation of A549 cells.HGA decreased the cell apoptosis of A549 cells induced by Gefitinib with depressed Bax expression and elevated Bcl-2 expression.However, FA increased the apoptosis of A549 cells induced by Gefitinib with up-regulation of Bax and down-regulation of Bcl-2.No obvious effect of tyrosine and HPPA was detected on Gefitinib induced cell apoptosis.Conclusion HGA and FA may play an important role in drug sensitivity of lung cancer cells, indicating a critical role of tyrosine metabolism in lung cancer.