Objective To provide references for clinical rational use of Chinese patent medicine. Methods Totally 387 specifications of Chinese patent medicine in our hospital were analyzed, and were judged by pregnancy contraindication according to China Pharmacopeia (2010 edition). Results The 387 Chinese patent medicines involved 32 prohibited pregnancy ingredients, 1 taboo ingredient. In 89 Chinese patent medicines contraind prohibited ingredients, 33 marked prohibited ingredients, 18 marked contraindicated ingredients, 14 marked cautious ingredients, and 24 marked without-contraindication ingredients. 68 Chinese patent medicines contained pregnancy contraindication labels but without prohibited ingredients. Conclusion A unified standard of pregnancy contraindication should be established;researches on pregnancy contraindication should be strengthened;medicine specifications should be standardized and perfected.

Genetic factors are the important reasons for birth defects.Among genetic factors,chromosome abnormality is the most common.Prenatal diagnosis can effectively avoid fetus of abnormal chromosome being born.Noninvasive prenatal diagnosis has more advantage than invasive prenatal diagnosis,such as non-invasive,painless and safe.It is bound to become the main method of prenatal diagnosis.However,non-invasive prenatal diagnosis is still in its infancy stage and the accuracy and sensitivity of detection are pending and need further clinical validation.This article will present a variety of non-invasive prenatal diagnostic methods using cell-free fetal DNA (RNA) and their advantages and disadvantages will be discussed.

Objective To evaluate the significance and expression of the GDNF/GFRα1/RET genes in distal rectum with Congenital Anorectal Malformations(ARMs) Methods Specimens were collected from resected colon which is 3 cm away to the anus and the distal of rectum in 12 ARMs patients. Haematoxylin and Eosin (HE) staining, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) were used to test RET, GDNF and GFRα1 expression in the differ-ent site of samples with ARMs. Results Expression of ganglia and RET, GDNF and GFRα1 were all negative in distal rec-tum in 12 ARMs patients. Ganglionic cells were found in tissues 3 cm away from the anus where RET, GDNF and GFRα1 expression were also positive in those ARMs patients. Expression of RET, GDNF and GFRα1 were strong positive in middle and low imperforate anus indicated by brown color and week positive in high imperforate anus indicated by yellow color. One case of faeces contamination and one case of loose motion without anal incontinence were found in post-op follow up of high ARMs patients. By contrast, one case of rectal mucosa prolapse and one case of occasional faeces contamination which recov-ered with hip bath were found in post op follow up in middle or low ARMs. Conclusion The unsatisfactory anorectal func-tion is possibly related to the decrease or lost of neurotrophic factors (GDNF/GFRα1/RET) and ganglia in the myenteric plex-uses post plastic surgery in ARMs patients.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) remains one of the most important pathogens in children,which usually causes acute EBV infection,chronic active EBV infection,hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis,lymphoma and other cancers.Therefore,effective laboratory diagnosis is of importance in diagnosis,surveillance,and control of EBV-associated disease.Currently,a variety of detection methods have been applied in clinical laboratories and typical diagnostic assays are always focusing on EBV-DNA and serological tests.Different assays vary in different purposes and applications,which seems to be difficult to choose an appropriate technique.This article aims at systematically analyzing clinical significance of these assays and evaluating the immune functions of EBV infection and the detection of susceptibility genes of EBV-related disease.

BACKGROUND:Nano-Ag is increasingly used as antibacterial materials in medical products due to its excelent antibacterial activity. Antibacterial activated nano-Ag-SiO2 OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the biosecurity of nano-Ag-SiO urethral catheter can reduce the incidence of catheter-associated urinarytract infections obviously. As more and more nano-Ag medical products have been developed, their biological security is becoming a focused issue. 2 urethral catheter through comparing the active influence of nano-Ag-SiO2 METHODS: Mechanical separation and enzymatic digestion were used to isolate and culture urothelial mucosa of benign prostatic hyperplasia patients to make cellsuspension after proliferationin vitro. The medium was replaced by nano-Ag-SiO urethral catheter and ordinary urethral catheter extracts onin vitro cels of human prostatic urethra epithelial cels in different periods. 2 and general catheter tube extracts, respectively. MTT assay was performed to quantify thein vitro cytotoxicity of two extracts on human urethra epithelial cels which were cultured for 2, 5 and 7 days. Absorbance values of nano-Ag-SiO2 RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The cytotoxicity of extract of nano-Ag-SiO and general urinary catheter groups were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to calculate the relative growth rate, and toxicity evaluation was compared and evaluated. Under an inverted microscope, cellmorphology, growth and proliferation were observed. 2 catheter was 1 grade, and that of general medical catheter extract was 0 to 1 grade. There was no statistical difference in group effect of relative proliferation rate (F=0.544,P=0.475); there was statistical difference in time effect of relative proliferation rate (F=3.031,P=0.086); no statistical difference was found in the interaction between group and time (F=0.130, P=0.879). These findings indicate that nano-Ag-SiO2 catheter has no or low cytotoxicity effect on cellgrowth and proliferation, which is consistent with the biological evaluation standards of medical devices.

Objective To explore the relevance of the microRNA-192 (miR-192) levels and prognosis in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN).Methods A total of 59 cases with duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) ≥10 years from January 2010 to July 2011 were retrospectively admitted.The miR-192 levels were determined after admission,and other relevant clinical data were collected.And the patients were followed-up for 24 months.According to the patient's prognosis,the patients were divided into DN group(20 cases) and non-DN group(39 cases),and the relevant information was analyzed in two groups.Results The miR-192 levels in DN group were lower than those in non-DN group[(4.47 ± 2.27) μ g/L vs.(7.28 ± 2.39) μ g/L],and there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension history,smoking history,high glycosylated hemoglobin,low fasting C-peptide,low 24 h urine protein,low miR-192 level,high body mass index was the independent risk factors of prognosis of T2DM (P ＜ 0.05).The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.697 in miR-192 levels individual predicting progression to DN stage,0.823 in six others without miR-192.After joining seven indicators forecast area under the curve increased significantly(0.856,95％ CI:0.832-0.904).The miR-192 levels 5.14 μ g/L was the best predictive value to the critical value of community,and the patients were divided into miR-192 ＜ 5.14 μ g/L group (28 cases) and miR-192 ≥ 5.14 μ g/L group (31 cases).The number of progression to DN within 24 months in miR-192 ＜ 5.14 μg/L group was more than that in miR-192 ≥5.14 μ g/L group (16/28 vs.4/31,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions A reduced level of miR-192 is an independent risk factor that can lead to poor prognosis in patients with DN,and can predict adverse outcomes in patients with T2DM effectively.

Objective To study the relationship between hyperferritinemia and early metabolism disturbance of sugar and Lipid.Methods 382 people in health examination from Hangzhou First People's Hospital were divided into hyperferritin group(A group)and hypoferritin group(B group)according to the level of ferritin.Blood fat,fasting blood glucose(FBG),uric acid(UA),hematoglobin(Hb),red blood cell count(RBC),hematocrit(HCT),mean corpuscular-hemoglobin concentration(MCHC)were determined,and adiposis hepatica was judged by ultrasonic inspection,then we analyzed by meams of statistics.Results The result showed that TG,LDL,HDL,ApoA1,ApoB,FBG,UA,Hb,RBC,HCT,MCHC had significant deviation between two groups.Ferritin was positive correlated with TG,TC,LDL,ApoB,Hb,RBC,HCT,and negative correlated with HDL,ApoA1.The incidence of adiposis hepatica in A group was obviously higher than B group.Conclusions Probably,ferritin was one of the markers of early metabolism disturbance of sugar and Lipid.

Objective To investigate the effects of bisphenol A on SD rat Sertoli cell function and the injury mechanism. Methods SD rat Sertoli cells were treated with bisphenol A at different doses,and the control group,solvent control group were set. Sertoli cell proliferation,cell cycle and PCNA,Vimentin protein expression. were observed. Results The survival rate of Sertoli cells in the treated groups was significantly lower than the control group (P

Incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer has increased significantly in recent years. Screening for colorectal cancer is the most effective method to decrease mortality. Colorectal adenoma is the precancerous lesion of colorectal cancer and can be detected through colonoscopy, which is the crucial in the early diagnosis and early treatment for colorectal cancer. The first step of screening is the selection of target population and the second step is colorectal examination. The selection of candidate for screening has direct effect on the efficacy of screening. The methods in common use include fecal occult blood test, questionnaire for high risk factors of colorectal cancer, colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, and CT virtual colonoscopy. Among those, colonoscopy is the most reliable method and widely used in the screening for colorectal cancer.
China ; Colonoscopy ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Early Detection of Cancer ; methods ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; methods ; Occult Blood

Objective To evaluate the change of left ventricular(LV) function by real-time three dimensional echocardiography(RT-3DE) and to explore the clinical value of change of serum adiponectin level in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS).Methods One hundred and twenty patients were divided into MS group and control group according to the diagnostic standard of the nternational Diabetes Federation.Transthorasic 2D ultrasound and RT-3DE examination were performed in all study objects, and serum adiponectin levels were measured.Results Parameter index [including Tmsv16-SD, Tmsv12-SD,Tmsv16- Dif, Tmsv12-Dif, Tmsv16-SD (％), Tmsv 12-SD (％), Tmsv16-Dif (％), Tmsv12-Dif (％)] of 17segment time to minimal systolic volume in MS group was more than that in control group (all P ＜0.05).Some regional systolic index of LV and serum adiponectin level were less than that in control group (all P ＜0.05).Compared with the control group, E/E' was lower (P ＜ 0.05).There were significant relations between serum adiponectin level and E/A of mitral valves, E'/A' of mitral annulus and E/E'(r = 0.368,0.493,and -0.347 respectively, P ＜0.05).Conclusions RT-3DE can rapidly evaluate LV systolic and diastolic synchrony in MS patients.E/E' show an excellent correlation with serum adiponectin level,and it may be a new promising method for routine evaluation of LV diastolic function.