Objective:To analyze the morphological changes and features of meibomian gland in patients with meibomian gland cyst under in vivo confocal microscope (IVCM). Methods:A cross-sectional study was performed.A total of 34 patients (34 eyes) with meibomian gland cysts and 18 control subjects (18 eyes) in the outpatient department without meibomian gland cysts treated in Shantou International Eye Center from September 2018 to April 2019 were included into the meibomian gland cyst group and control group accordingly.All the subjects underwent routine ophthalmologic examination and IVCM examination.IVCM test indicators included the opening area of meibomian gland, the longest diameter and the shortest diameter of meibomian gland opening, the morphology of glandular tube and acinus adjacent to the meibomian gland opening.The measurement indexes of the meibomian gland cyst group and the control group were compared and analyzed.This study followed the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong (No.EC20171103[6]-P01). Written informed consent was obtained from each patient before examination.Results:The opening of the meibomian glands of the 34 subjects in the meibomian gland cyst group were all enlarged irregularly with smooth boundaries, and emboli in the openings were observed in 70.59% (24/34) of patients.The longest diameter, the shortest diameter and the area of meibomian gland openings were (148.12±70.16)μm, (114.77±52.38)μm and 9 239.11(5 506.96, 24 111.36)μm 2 in the meibomian gland cyst group, respectively, while (59.35±16.78)μm, (41.98±11.77)μm and 2 094.19 (1 432.28, 2 945.65)μm 2 in the control group, respectively.Compared with the control group, the longest diameter and shortest diameter in the meibomian cyst group were longer, and the area of meibomian gland openings in the meibomian cyst group was larger, and the differences were statistically significant (all at P<0.01). Adjacent to the opening, there was cystic dilation of glandular tube containing accumulated secretion of different characteristics detected in the 61.76% (21/34) of patients in the meibomian gland cyst group, and the dilated glandular tubes were with flat edges.The boundaries between the dilated glandular tubes and surrounding acini were clear. Conclusions:In vivo confocal microscope can detect the morphological changes of meibomian glands in patients with meibomian gland cyst, including enlarged opening with embolus, cystic dilation of glandular tube with clear boundary and accumulated secretion.

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the preferred primary liver cancer non-surgical treat-ment, postoperative curative effect with TACE evaluation has always been the hot spot of the study, in this paper, spectral CT for primary liver cancer after surgery with TACE curative effect evaluation were summarized.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of kudinoside D(KD-D)on proliferation,apoptosis and autophagy of human HCC-1806 breast cancer cells.Methods Human HCC-1806 breast cancer cells were treated with different concentrations of KD-D,and the cell viability was detected by CCK-8 method.EdU method was used to detect cell proliferation ability;the ability of cell clone formation was detected by crystal violet staining.Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry(Annexin V-FITC/PI).Mitochondrial membrane potential was detected by JC-1 staining.The protein expressions of Cleaved Caspase-3,LC3 and P62 were detected by immunofluorescence.The protein expressions of Cleaved Caspase-3,Pan-AKT,Phosp-AKT and LC3Ⅱ were detected by Western Blot.Autophagy double-labeled mRFP-EGFP-LC3 adenovirus infection assay was used to detect cell autophagy flow.Results Compared with the control group,HCC-1806 cells were treated with 12.5,25,50,100,200,400 μmol·L-1 KD-D for 24 and 48 hours.With the increase of drug concentration and treatment time,the cell activity was significantly decreased(P＜0.001),the intracellular absorbance value was significantly decreased(P＜0.001),and the cell proliferation was inhibited.The cell clone formation counts in 60 and 80 μmol·L-1 KD-D groups were significantly decreased(P＜0.001).The proportion of early and late apoptosis in 50,100,150 μmol·L-1 KD-D groups were significantly increased(P＜0.05,P＜0.001).The proportion of red fluorescence in 40,60 and 80 μmol·L-1 KD-D groups were significantly decreased(P＜0.001),the proportion of green fluorescence was significantly increased(P＜0.01,P＜0.001),and the mitochondrial membrane potential of HCC-1806 cells decreased.The protein expression of Cleaved Caspase-3 in 60,80,100 μmol·L-1 KD-D group were significantly up-regulated(P＜0.001),and the protein expressions of Pan-AKT and Phosp-AKT in 60 μmol·L-1 KD-D group were significantly up-regulated(P＜0.001).In the 60 μmol·L-1 KD-D group,the number of LC3 protein fluorescent dots was significantly increased(P＜0.001),the average fluorescence intensity of P62 protein was significantly decreased(P＜0.001),the expression of LC3Ⅱ protein was significantly up-regulated(P＜0.001),the number of autophagosomes and autolysosomes were significantly increased(P＜0.01,P＜0.001),and the autophagic flow was activated.Compared with 60 μmol·L-1 KD-D group,the expression of Cleaved Caspase-3 and Pan-AKT protein in KD-D+AKT inhibitor(Afuresertib)group was significantly down-regulated(P＜0.01,P＜0.001),and the expression of Phosp-AKT protein was significantly up-regulated(P＜0.001).Conclusion KD-D can inhibit the proliferation of human breast cancer HCC-1806 cells and induce apoptosis and autophagy.The apoptosis of HCC-1806 cells induced by KD-D may be related to the activation of AKT signal and the expression of Cleaved Caspase-3.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical outcomes of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) after surgeries in Yunnan Province. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the demographic features, vascular risk factors, severity at admission, and aneurysm locations in 85 patients with aSAH receiving surgical interventions in Yunnan Province. All the patients were treated by aneurysm clipping or coiling and followed up for clinical outcomes and recovery of daily activities evaluated by modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and Activities of Daily Living (ADL) scale, respectively. RESULTS: Thirty-four of the patients (40.0%) underwent aneurysm clipping and 51 (60.0%) underwent aneurysm coiling. During a median follow- up period of 66.23 months (IOR, 12.03 months), 84.7% of the patients had low mRS scores, and 78.8% lived independently. The WFNS grade at admission was significantly correlated with the follow-up mRS scores (95%: 1.48-19.09, =0.011) and ADL (95%: 2.55-28.77, < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that age (95%: 1.02-1.23, =0.017; 95%: 1.00-1.15, =0.038) and a high WFNS grade at admission (95%: 2.19-141.48, =0.007; 95%: 2.84-82.61, =0.002) were independent predictors of both mRS and ADL scores at follow-up. There was no significant difference in clinical outcomes or the length of hospital stay between the two treatment strategies ( > 0.05), but the cost of hospitalization was significantly higher in coiling group than in the clipping group ( < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Both aging and a high WFNS grade at admission are associated with a poor prognosis of aSAH, for which aneurysm clipping and coiling have similar long- term outcomes, but for patients with a high WFNS score, aneurysm clipping is favored over coiling in terms of health economics.