Objective To explore the mediating effect of sleep quality between somatic symptoms and severity of depression in patients with depression. Methods A total of 384 drug-naive patients diagnosed with depression were recruited from the Department of Psychological Medicine of Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, during the period from February to August 2024. The severity of depression, somatic symptoms, and sleep quality were assessed using Patient Health Qusetionaire (PHQ)-9, PHQ-15, and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), respectively. Based on the PHQ-15 scores, all participants were stratified into two groups: a mild somatic symptoms group（＜10 points, n＝136）and a moderate-to-severe somatic symptoms group（≥10 points, n＝248）. Comparisons of sleep quality between the two groups were conducted, and partial correlation analysis was performed to examine the correlation between sleep quality and somatic symptoms. Additionally, linear regression and mediation analyses were conducted to investigate the mediating effect of sleep quality between somatic symptoms and severity of depression. Results The PSQI scores in moderate-to-severe somatic symptoms group were significantly higher than those in mild somatic symptoms group (P＜0.001). Partial correlation analysis indicated that, after controlling for depression severity, the positive correlation between PSQI and PHQ-15 scores remained significant in both groups (P＜0.01). Regression analysis identified both sleep quality and somatic symptoms as predictors of severity of depression (P＜0.001). Additionally, mediation analysis demonstrated that sleep quality partially mediated the relationship between somatic symptoms and severity of depression, accounting for 26.63% (0.090/0.338) of the total effect. Conclusions In patients with depression, sleep quality is associated with somatic symptoms, and both contribute to an increased risk of the severity of depression. Moreover, sleep quality plays a partial mediating effect between somatic symptoms and severity of depression, highlighting the importance of addressing sleep-related issues in the management of depression.

AIM: To analyze the factors affecting non-contact intraocular pressure(IOPNCT)measurements after femtosecond laser-assisted small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE), explore the correlation of IOPNCT with central corneal thickness(CCT)and corneal curvature after SMILE, and construct the corresponding regression model which will provide scientific basis for clinical evaluation of the true IOP of patients after SMILE.METHODS: Data from a retrospective analysis of 107 myopic patients(206 eyes)who underwent SMILE and 107 myopic patients(201 eyes)received femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis(FS-LASIK)surgery from June 2023 to May 2024 were examined. IOPNCT, CCT, and corneal curvature before surgery and at 1 and 3 mo were collected. The preoperative and postoperative IOPNCT, CCT and corneal curvature were analyzed by ANOVA and Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression models were constructed to evaluate the association of postoperative changes of IOPNCT, CCT and corneal curvature.RESULTS: There were significant differences in IOPNCT, CCT, and corneal curvature of both SMILE and FS-LASIK patients(all P<0.001), there was no significant difference between two groups and interaction effects(all P>0.05), and the IOPNCT, CCT and corneal curvature at 1 and 3 mo post-surgery were significantly lower than preoperative(all P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between IOPNCT and CCT at 1 and 3 mo after SMILE(r=0.261, 0.267, all P<0.001), but no significant correlation with corneal curvature(all P>0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis of IOPNCT with CCT and corneal curvature at 1 mo after SMILE indicated that the regression equation was: Y=3.426+0.019X1-0.058X2(Y represents IOPNCT, X1 represents the CCT, and X2 represents the corneal curvature), with statistical significant difference in the equation(F=7.654, P=0.001); the regression equation for 3 mo after surgery was: Y=2.056+0.020X1-0.038 X2(Y represents IOPNCT, X1 represents the CCT, and X2 represents the corneal curvature), with statistically significance in the equation(F=7.903, P<0.001). The regression equation of postoperative IOPNCT change(△IOPNCT)and intraoperative cutting corneal thickness(△CCT)and corneal curvature at 1 mo was Y=-2.252+0.008X1+0.587X2(Y represents △IOPNCT, X1 stands for the △CCT, X2 represents the corneal curvature change value), with statistical significant difference in the equation(F=17.550, P<0.001); the regression equation for 3 mo after surgery was: Y=-2.168+0.024X1+0.281X2(Y represents △IOPNCT, X1 represents △CCT, X2 indicates the corneal curvature change values), with statistical significant difference in the equation(F=16.030, P<0.001).CONCLUSION: After SMILE and FS-LASIK surgery, the IOPNCT value of patients was mainly affected by CCT compared with preoperative surgery, and the short-term use of hormone eye drops, fluorometholone, did not cause a significant increase in IOP; both the IOP correction formula at 1 and 3 mo postoperatively can be used clinically to evaluate and correct actual IOP in patients after SMILE.

AIM: To analyze the factors affecting non-contact intraocular pressure(IOPNCT)measurements after femtosecond laser-assisted small incision lenticule extraction(SMILE), explore the correlation of IOPNCT with central corneal thickness(CCT)and corneal curvature after SMILE, and construct the corresponding regression model which will provide scientific basis for clinical evaluation of the true IOP of patients after SMILE.METHODS: Data from a retrospective analysis of 107 myopic patients(206 eyes)who underwent SMILE and 107 myopic patients(201 eyes)received femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis(FS-LASIK)surgery from June 2023 to May 2024 were examined. IOPNCT, CCT, and corneal curvature before surgery and at 1 and 3 mo were collected. The preoperative and postoperative IOPNCT, CCT and corneal curvature were analyzed by ANOVA and Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression models were constructed to evaluate the association of postoperative changes of IOPNCT, CCT and corneal curvature.RESULTS: There were significant differences in IOPNCT, CCT, and corneal curvature of both SMILE and FS-LASIK patients(all P<0.001), there was no significant difference between two groups and interaction effects(all P>0.05), and the IOPNCT, CCT and corneal curvature at 1 and 3 mo post-surgery were significantly lower than preoperative(all P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between IOPNCT and CCT at 1 and 3 mo after SMILE(r=0.261, 0.267, all P<0.001), but no significant correlation with corneal curvature(all P>0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis of IOPNCT with CCT and corneal curvature at 1 mo after SMILE indicated that the regression equation was: Y=3.426+0.019X1-0.058X2(Y represents IOPNCT, X1 represents the CCT, and X2 represents the corneal curvature), with statistical significant difference in the equation(F=7.654, P=0.001); the regression equation for 3 mo after surgery was: Y=2.056+0.020X1-0.038 X2(Y represents IOPNCT, X1 represents the CCT, and X2 represents the corneal curvature), with statistically significance in the equation(F=7.903, P<0.001). The regression equation of postoperative IOPNCT change(△IOPNCT)and intraoperative cutting corneal thickness(△CCT)and corneal curvature at 1 mo was Y=-2.252+0.008X1+0.587X2(Y represents △IOPNCT, X1 stands for the △CCT, X2 represents the corneal curvature change value), with statistical significant difference in the equation(F=17.550, P<0.001); the regression equation for 3 mo after surgery was: Y=-2.168+0.024X1+0.281X2(Y represents △IOPNCT, X1 represents △CCT, X2 indicates the corneal curvature change values), with statistical significant difference in the equation(F=16.030, P<0.001).CONCLUSION: After SMILE and FS-LASIK surgery, the IOPNCT value of patients was mainly affected by CCT compared with preoperative surgery, and the short-term use of hormone eye drops, fluorometholone, did not cause a significant increase in IOP; both the IOP correction formula at 1 and 3 mo postoperatively can be used clinically to evaluate and correct actual IOP in patients after SMILE.