Objective:To observe any effect of electroacupuncture in the head motor area on motor impairment and JAK2/STAT3 signaling in rats modeling cerebral palsy.Methods:Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a sham operation group, a model group and an electroacupuncture group, each of 10. A model of cerebral palsy was induced in the model and electroacupuncture groups, while the sham operation group was not ligated in a sham operation. The motor functioning of all of the rats was evaluated 24h and 21d after the modeling using the Basso, Beattie Bresnahan locomotor rating scale (BBB scale). At 21d all of the rats were sacrificed and their brain tissues were collected. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe any pathological changes in the cerebral cortex, and fluorescence quantitative PCRs were employed to detect the mRNA expression of apoptotic gene B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated x-protein (Bax), and cysteine-aspartate protein hydrolase-3 (Caspase-3). ELISA was used to detect the mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-1β(IL-1β), interferon-γ(IFN-γ), and the oxidative stress indicators superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Western blotting was applied to detect the expression of JAK2, STAT3, p-JAK2 and p-STAT3.Results:The average BBB motor function score, Bcl-2 mRNA expression, SOD and T-AOC of the model group were all significantly lower than that of the sham-operated group at 21d. The average expression of Caspase-3 mRNA, TNF-α, IL-1β and IFN-γ, were significantly greater as were MDA content, p-JAK2, and p-STAT3 levels. The average BBB motor function score of the electroacupuncture group was significantly higher than the model group′s average, but caspase-3 mRNA expression, TNF-α, IL-1β, IFN-γ, MDA, p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 were all significantly lower.Conclusion:Electroacupuncture applied to the head motor area relieves motor function impairment in rats modeling cerebral palsy. That may be related to inhibition of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway′s activation resulting in less apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress.

Objective To clarify the relationship between intracranial pressure monitoring and prognosis of patients with traumatic brain injury after decompressive craniectomy.Methods From December 2015 to December 2017,48 head-injured patients in Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were enrolled,who were underwent decompressive craniectomy in this retrospective study.The patients were subdivided into 2 groups based on whether postoperative was monitored (n =19) or not (n =29).The prognosis was evaluated by Glasgow Outcome Scale score,with 1 point of prognosis death,2 to 3 points of poor prognosis,and 4 to 5 points of good prognosis.Count data were expressed as a percentage (％).Count data were expressed as percentage (％).The chi-square test was used to compare the difference in the rate of good prognosis and mortality between the two groups.Results The mortality of monitoring group (10.5％) was significantly lower than that of control group (37.9％) (x2 =4.365 5,P =0.036 7) during hospitalization,The rate of good prognosis in the monitoring group (68.4％) and the control group (44.8％) was not statistically significant (x2 =2.573 8,P =0.108 6).Condusion The study showed that continuous monitoring in patients with severe craniocerebral injury could reduce the mortality of patients during hospitalization,but had no significant effect on the improvement of prognosis.

Objective:To explore and analyze the selection of surgical methods for supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage.Methods:A total of 260 patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage who underwent surgery in Department of Neurosurgery, Suzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from January 2017 to December 2021 were included in the study by retrospective case analysis. According to different surgical methods, they were divided into three groups: large bone flap group ( n=116), conventional bone flap group( n=89)and stereotactic group( n=55). The large bone flap group underwent standard supratentorial large bone flap craniotomy, the conventional bone flap group underwent conventional bone flap craniotomy, and the stereotactic group underwent stereotactic hematoma puncture suction + drainage. Clinical indicators such as operation time, intraoperative bleeding, pulmonary infection, length of hospital stay, and Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) at 6 months of postoperative follow-up, and the proportion of good prognosis (GOS 4-5) were calculated. Measurement data with normal distribution were expressed as mean±standard deviation( ± s), count data were expressed as cases and percentages (%). Results:In the large bone flap group, the operation time, intraoperative bleeding, hospital stay, pulmonary infection, postoperative rebleeding were(193±24) min, (625±65) mL, (46±11) d, 102 patients(87%), 9 patients(7.8%), and (124±17) min, (297±35) mL, (32±9) d, 29 patients(33%), 4 patients(4.4%)in the conventional bone flap group, and (73±11) min, (53±15) mL, (21±4) d, 10 patients(18%), 2 patients(3.6%)in stereotactic group. All patients were followed up for 6 months, and 165 patients (63.5%) had good prognosis (GOS 4-5), including 36 patients (31%) in the large bone flap group, 82 patients (93.2%) in the conventional bone flap group, and 47 patients (85.5%) in the stereotactic group.Conclusion:Standard large craniectomy has sufficient effect of decompression, and is suitable for serious life threatening hematoma; Conventional craniotomy has advantages in the treatment of secondary intracerebral hemorrhage. Stereotactic surgery has the characteristics of short operation time, less intraoperative bleeding, short hospital stay and low incidence of pulmonary infection, which is worthy of promotion in the treatment of primary intracerebral hemorrhage.

In recent years,deep learning,a pivotal subset of artificial intelligence machine learning,has achieved noteworthy advancements in the medical domain.It facilitates precise detection,diagnosis and prognostic assessment of various diseases through the analysis of medical images.Within ophthalmology,deep learning techniques have found wide-spread application in the diagnosis and prediction of thyroid-related eye diseases,orbital blowout fracture,melanoma,bas-al cell carcinoma,orbital abscess,lymphoma,retinoblastoma and other diseases.Leveraging images from computed tomo-graphy,magnetic resonance imaging and even pathological sections,this technology demonstrates a capacity to diagnose,differentiate and stage orbital diseases and ocular tumors with a high level of accuracy comparable to that of expert clini-cians.The promising prospects of this technology are expected to enhance the diagnosis and treatment of related diseases,concurrently reducing the time and cost associated with clinical practices.This review consolidates the latest research pro-gress on the application of artificial intelligence deep learning in orbital diseases and ocular tumors,aiming to furnish clini-cians with up-to-date information and developmental trends in this field,thereby furthering the clinical application and widespread adoption of this technology.

The finite element method(FEM)is a widely employed mathematical technique in mechanical research that divides an object into discrete and interacting finite elements. Medically, finite element analysis(FEA)enables the simulation of biomechanical experiments that are challenging to conduct. Orbital surgery poses significant challenges to ophthalmologists due to its inherent difficulty and steep learning curve. FEM enables the simulation and analysis of the mechanical properties of orbital tissue, offering a novel approach for diagnosing and treating orbital-related diseases. With technological advancements, FEM has significantly matured in the diagnosis and treatment of orbital diseases, becoming a popular area of research in orbital biomechanics. This paper reviewed the latest advancements in orbital FEM, encompassing the development of orbital FEA models, simulation of orbital structure, and its application in orbital-related diseases. Additionally, the limitations of FEM and future research directions are also discussed. As a digital tool for auxiliary diagnosis and treatment, orbital FEA will progressively unlock its potential for diagnosing and treating orbital diseases alongside technological advancements.