Objective This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of ademetionine 1,4-butanedisulfonate (SMT) against radiation injuries.Methods ICR mice were randomly divided into 7 groups,including normal control,irradiation-only,SMT administration-only,low-,medium-and high-dosages (250,500,1 000 mg·kg-1) of SMT pre-irradiation and high-dose of SMT post-irradiation in experimental groups.Blood and immunological experiments,organs index experiment and 30-day''s survival experiment were carried out to observe the protective effects of SMT on peripheral blood and immune system,organ index and the whole body injuries.Results Compared with irradiation-only group (4.23±1.16) ×109·L-1,the number of nucleated cells in bone marrow was (11.20±4.63) ×109·L-1 in the high dose of SMT pre-irradiation.The difference between two groups was significant.Compared with irradiation-only group (19.25±9.36),the colony forming unit-spleen was (39.00±7.57) in the high-dose SMT pre-irradiation group,there was a significant difference between the two groups.The index of liver,spleen,kidney and pancreas were significantly higher than those of the irradiation-only group in SMT administration groups.The survival rate of mice treated with SMT was increased,especially for the high dose group (46% lifted) when compared with irradiation-only group.Conclusion SMT can protect mice from radiation injuries.

OBJECTIVETo explore effects and potential mechanisms of high insulin environment on high density lipoprotein (HDL) generation-related functional protein ABCA1.

METHODS[(3)H] labeled cholesterol efflux from mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes was detected by liquid scintillation counting. ABCA1 mRNA and protein expression in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes post stimulation with various concentrations of insulin was detected by real-time fluorescence-based quantitative techniques and Western blot, respectively, in the absence and presence of CHX (cycloheximide, CHX), calpeptin (calpain pathway inhibitor) or MG-132 (proteasome pathway inhibitor).

RESULTSCholesterol efflux rates were reduced post insulin stimulation in a dose-dependent manner ((7.06 ± 0.27)%, (6.59 ± 0.30)%, (6.34 ± 0.24)%, (5.07 ± 0.40)%, and (4.71 ± 0.40)% at 0, 1, 10, 10², and 10³ nmol/L of insulin, P < 0.05). Cholesterol efflux rates decreased in a time-dependent manner post 10³ nmol/L insulin stimulation (6.52 ± 0.30)%, (5.59 ± 0.71)%, (5.44 ± 0.37)%, (4.52 ± 0.32)%, and (4.38 ± 0.33)% at 0, 2, 4, 6, 12 h, respectively). ABCA1mRNA levels were not affected by insulin (P > 0.05). ABCA1 protein level was significantly downregulated in 10³ nmol/L insulin group compared to 0 nmol/L insulin group (P < 0.01). Compared with the 0 h group, ABCA1 protein level was significantly reduced in 6 h group (P < 0.05) and further reduced in 12 h group (P < 0.01). Both calpeptin and MG-132 could partly reduce insulin-induced degradation of ABCA1. Compared with the negative control group, ABCA1 protein levels were significantly upregulated by cotreatment with calpeptin and MG-132, respectively (both P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONOur data suggest that high insulin level could promote the ABCA1 protein degradation and reduce cholesterol efflux from mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes through calpain and proteasome pathway, thus, produce a circumference not suitable for nascent HDL formation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.

3T3-L1 Cells ; ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1 ; Adipocytes ; Animals ; Calpain ; Insulin ; Leupeptins ; Lipoproteins, HDL ; Mice ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex ; RNA, Messenger

Objective To evaluate the tonic and health effects of Xuebijing injection,a traditional Chinese medicine injection,by means of corn low-nutritional mice model combined with benefit-damage index-general score (BDI-GS) evaluation system under a physiological dosage.Further,to investigate the scientific and practical benefits of the evaluation system in efficacy and safety re-evaluation of clinical traditional Chinese medicine injections.Methods Healthy ICR mice during growth period were randomly divided into blank control group and low,middle and high dose groups.All the mice were fed with corn diets,and treated by intraperitoneal injection once a day.The mice in the blank control group were injected with 0.4 ml 0.9％ sodium chloride injection,and the mice in the low,medium and high dose groups were injected with 0.2,0.4 and 0.6 ml Xuebijing injection,respectively,for seven days.On the 8th day,the mice were killed,dissected,and took nine kinds of organs including heart,lung,thymus,spleen,pancreas,kidney,gonad and femur.The weight BDI,index BDI and the corresponding weight BDI general score (GSw) and index BDI general score (GSI) were calculated,and the serum biochemical parameters were measured.Results Under the physiological dose,Xuebijing injection shows good safety of continuous infusion,tonic and health effects,and slight damages on the rest of organs.More specifically,the values of weight BDI and index BDI were all higher than 9.0,and values of GSw and GSI were all higher than the basic value of 9.0.Furthermore,these parameters increased in a dose-dependent manner.In addition,the total protein level of (47.6 ± 4.30) g/L in the high dose groups was significantly higher than (43.18 ± 2.60) g/L in the blank control group (P＜0.05).Conclusions The Xuebijing injection has a lower risk for conventional usage.This injection is safe under the physiological dosage and much safer in higher dosage designed in this study.The low-nutritional model combined with BDI-GS evaluation system can be used for re-evaluating the function and safety of clinical traditional Chinese medicine injections.

Objective To compare the effects of fixations with dynamic hip screw (DHS),percutaneous compression plate (PCCP) and proximal femoral nail anti-rotation (PFNA) for treatment of intertrochanteric femoral fractures with paries medialis defect.Methods We reviewed the 82 patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture and paries medialis defect who had been treated at our department from January 2011 to July 2016.They were 42 men and 40 women,aged from 27 to 91 years (average,73.0 years).According to the AO classification,72 cases belonged to type 31-A2.2,10 to type 31-A2.3.Of them,9 cases were treated with DHS,17 cases with PCCP and 56 cases with PFNA-1].The 3 groups were compared in terms of intraoperative blood loss,blood infusion,fluid infusion,operation duration,time for fracture union,postoperative complications and Functional Recovery Score (FRS) of the hip 12 months after operation.Results The fluid infusion [1,100 (850,1,100) mL] and intraoperative blood loss [60 (5,100) mL] in the PCCP group were significantly less than in the PFNA group [1,100 (1,000,1,700) mL and 150 (50,300) mL] and the operation duration (91.4 ± 29.2 min) in the former was significantly shorter than in the latter [121 (85,185) min] (P ＜ 0.05).No significant difference was found between the 3 groups in blood infusion (P ＞ 0.05).Of the patients,57 (8 DHS,12 PCCP and 37 PFNA ones) were followed up for an average of 47 months (from 15 to 85 months).There were no statistically significant differences between the 3 groups in time for fracture union,complications,or average FRS score of the hip 12 months after operation (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions For unstable intertrochanteric fractures with paries medialis defect,it is not clear that intramedullary nails are superior to extramedullary fixation.Intramedullary nails like PFNA may be suggested for patients with better preoperative conditions while extramedullary fixation like PCCP suggested for those with poor general conditions.

Objective:To understand the status quo of nutrition knowledge, attitude and behavior of nurses in class A tertiary hospital and its influencing factors, and to provide reference for the development of reasonable and standard nutrition training courses.Methods:The knowledge, attitude and behavior of nutrition of 207 nurses in 28 class A tertiary hospitals from 17 provinces cities on October 25-26, 2019 were investigated Questionnaire on Nutritional Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior Cognition of Nurses.Results:The scores of nurses′ nutritional knowledge, attitude and behavior were (69.70 ± 2.92), (82.76 ± 4.97) and (64.90 ± 4.77) respectively. There were significant differences in nurses′ nutritional knowledge, attitude and behavior at different ages, nursing ages, whether they had children, the highest educational background, department rotation, technical titles, administrative positions, employment methods, article publication, whether they had participated in nutrition training courses and in different regions ( F values were 6.80-60.95, t values were 2.94-7.08, all P<0.05). The main factors affecting nutrition knowledge were region, nursing age, the highest educational background, department rotation and whether they had participated in nutrition training courses ( t values were -6.88-6.73, all P<0.05). The main factors affecting nutritional attitude were region, nursing age and the highest educational background ( t=-2.22, 6.84, 3.21, all P<0.05). The main factor affecting nutritional behavior was nursing age ( t=5.45, P<0.05). Conclusions:Nurses′ nutritional attitude level is excellent, but their mastery of nutritional knowledge and nutritional nursing behavior level need to be improved. Reasonable, scientific and feasible nutritional training courses should be formulated according to the influencing factors of their nutritional knowledge, attitude and behavior, so as to improve nurses′ nutritional knowledge, belief and behavior level and improve the nutritional status and prognosis of hospitalized patients.

Objective To explore the path and methods of deeply integrating party building with professional routine work in public hospitals through the creating of party building brands.Methods Taking the establishment of grassroots party brand in a hospital in shanghai as an example,using the brand creation as a starting point,we build a carrier,in order to explore the positive effect of Party building brand's creating on the integration and development of grass-roots Party building and profes-sional routine work in public hospitals.Results Through brand creation,the party building alliance was formed.The core unit was created to play a radiating role of the regional medical center,and a system disease was used as a breakthrough for the inte-gration of party building and professional routine work,where party building pays a great role in promoting business development.Conclusion As a carrier,Party building brand can play a leading role in Party building,deeply integrating Party building of governmental hospitals and medical work,thereby,improving the effectiveness of Party building and promoting high-quality devel-opment of public hospitals under the guidance of Party building.

Objective:To evaluate the expression level of hsa-miR-422a in hypertrophic scars and to identify the target genes of hsa-miR-422a along with their biological functions using bioinformatics approaches.Methods:From June 2020 to December 2020, tissue samples of 3 hypertrophic scar and 3 normal skin were collected from patients (3 males, 3 females, aged 20-42 years) in Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People′s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine. Primary fibroblasts were isolated and cultured. Real-time quantitative PCR was performed to quantify the expression of hsa-miR-422a. To construct a ceRNA network, starbase and Target Scandata bases were utilized to predict genes as well as long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that may sponge hsa-miR-422a. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were conducted on the target genes of hsa-miR-422a; protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed to identify the hub genes whose functions were predicted by functional enrichment analyses. The expression of hub genes was validated through real-time quantitative PCR in hypertrophic scars.Results:The expression of hsa-miR-422a was significantly lower in the hypertrophic scar tissue samples and fibroblasts compared to that in the normal skin ( P<0.05). 133 target genes as well as 1033 lncRNAs were predicted by starBase and TargetScandata bases and used to construct an hsa-miR-422a-centered ceRNA network. PPI networks of the target genes revealed 10 hub genes, including MAPK1, GRB2, and IGF1R, which were discovered to be related to protein serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase activity, ubiquitin protein ligase binding, fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway, muscle cell proliferation, and many others; besides, they may be involved in FoxO, mTOR, Toll-like receptor, Ras, MAPK, PI3K-Akt signaling pathways and signaling pathways regulating pluripotency of stem cells. Three hub genes (MAPK1, GRB2, and IGF1R) were significantly upregulated in hypertrophic scars ( P<0.05). Conclusions:hsa-miR-422a is significantly downregulated in the hypertrophic scars and may target hub genes such as MAPK1 in ceRNA networks, ultimately modulating hypertrophic scar formation.

Objective:To observe the efficacy of hypertonic dextrose injection(prolotherapy)at retrodiscal tissue in the treatment of chronic joint pain in patients with temporomandibular disorders(TMD).Methods:From June 2012 to March 2022,244 patients(aged 16 to 75 years)underwent the treatment were included and classified according to DC/TMD.The treatment started from an anesthetic in-jection of 2％lidocaine(1.5-2 mL)into the retrodiscal tissue.The patients were then instructed to perform mandibular condylar exercise for 5-10 min,prior to the therapeutic injection of 50％dextrose(1-1.5 mL)by using the same method.Assessment of TMJ pain and jaw function was performed at 2 weeks,2,6 and 12 months after injection.Results:By March 2022,221 cases completed the final sur-vey(the rate of loss of follow-up was 9.4％),the average follow-up time was(75.7±25.1)months.2 weeks after treatment,there was significant relief of joint pain,and mandibular function was significantly improved in most patients by 2 month after treatment.Of these,186 cases achieved profound pain relief and faily normal jaw function,17 cases with recurrence of joint pain and jaw dysfunction and op-ted for occlusal splint treatment due to fear of injection,16 cases claimed no obvious therapeutic effect but rejected any further tratment,2 cases subsequently accepted TMJ surgery.There was no worsening of TMD or other complication as a result of the treatment.Conclu-sion:Hypertonic dextrose injection in retrodiscal tissue attachment is straightforward,safe and effective in the treatment of chronic joint pain and TMD.

In clinical application, a microneedle system that continuously delivers drugs is of great value for the delivery of some vaccines and hormone drugs. In this study, a controlled-release chitosan-based microneedle array (PVA/CS-MN) was designed, combining microneedle patches with drugs for controlled-release of drugs. Here we report the optimization of the preparation process of PVA/CS-MN. The appearance, morphology, mechanical properties, dissolution and swelling properties, and in vitro penetration properties of the MN arrays were characterized. The PVA/CS-MN prepared by the optimal process showed good morphology and mechanical properties. PVA/CS-MN can smoothly open microchannels on the skin and achieve controllable dissolution and swelling functions. Ascorbic acid (l-ascorbic acid) was used as a model drug to prepare a Vc-PVA/CS-MN. In vitro transdermal diffusion experiments showed that the Vc-PVA/CS-MN released about 57% of the drug within 1 h. About 66.7% of the drug was slowly released within 12 h, and a total of 92% of the drug was released after 7 days. The controllable sustained-release properties and excellent drug delivery efficiency of PVA/CS-MN provide a new option for sustained transdermal drug delivery.
Ascorbic Acid ; Chitosan ; Delayed-Action Preparations ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Hormones ; Vaccines