In recent years， plenty of studies have demonstrated that deep brain stimulation （DBS） has potential efficacy for treatment-resistant depression. This paper reviews the worldwide research progress of DBS in the treatment of treatment-resistant depression， in which the DBS treatment mechanism， targets and outcomes are discussed， the limitations of current DBS treatment are summarized， and the development direction of DBS is also forecasted， therefore providing a factual basis for relevant experiments in China.

The increasing number of pulmonary nodules being detected by computed tomography scans significantly increase the workload of the radiologists for scan interpretation. Limitations of traditional methods for differential diagnosis of pulmonary nodules have been increasingly prominent. Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to increase the efficiency of discrimination and invasiveness classification for pulmonary nodules and lead to effective nodule management. Chinese Experts Consensus on Artificial Intelligence Assisted Management for Pulmonary Nodule (2022 Version) has been officially released recently. This article closely follows the context, significance, core implications, and the impact of future AI-assisted management on the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary nodules. It is hoped that through our joint efforts, we can promote the standardization of management for pulmonary nodules and strive to improve the long-term survival and postoperative life quality of patients with lung cancer.