Objective To analyze the clinical features of tsutsugamushi disease.Methods 113 cases of tsutsugamushi disease from 1991-2005 were reviewed.Results The symptoms of fever,eschar or ulcer,tetter and lymph node tu- mescence accounted for 100%,80.5% (91/113),6.2% (7/113) and 75.2% (85/113) respectively.Liver damage and pulmonary damage were observed in 75.2% (85/113) and 47.8% (54/113) cases.78.8% (89/113) cases were masculine in OX_K check.Conclusion Tsutsugamushi diseases showed complicated and multiple clinical manifestations and more attention should be paid to for avoiding misdiagnosis.

Nasal drug delivery efficiency is highly dependent on the position in which the drug is deposited in the nasal cavity. However, no reliable method is currently available to assess its impact on delivery performance. In this study, a biomimetic nasal model based on three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction and three-dimensional printing (3DP) technology was developed for visualizing the deposition of drug powders in the nasal cavity. The results showed significant differences in cavity area and volume and powder distribution in the anterior part of the biomimetic nasal model of Chinese males and females. The nasal cavity model was modified with dimethicone and validated to be suitable for the deposition test. The experimental device produced the most satisfactory results with five spray times. Furthermore, particle sizes and spray angles were found to significantly affect the experimental device's performance and alter drug distribution, respectively. Additionally, mometasone furoate (MF) nasal spray (NS) distribution patterns were investigated in a goat nasal cavity model and three male goat noses, confirming the in vitro and in vivo correlation. In conclusion, the developed human nasal structure biomimetic device has the potential to be a valuable tool for assessing nasal drug delivery system deposition and distribution.