Objective To explore the influence of MMF on the presentation functions of in vitro cultured dendritic cells.Methods Bone marrow-derived dendritic cell progenitors from BalB/c mice were treated with MMF or without. The antigen-presenting capacities, antigen specific proliferation reaction, mixed lymphocyte reaction and antigen-specific hyporesponsiveness of T-cells were analyzed to investigate the influences of MMF on the presentation functions of dendritic cells.Results Treatment with MMF reduced the soluble antigen presenting capacities of DCs to T cells. The proliferation of syngeneic T cells co-cultured with MMF-DC was significantly depressed, and displayed a comparatively low level of MLR-sti- mulatory activity. The levels of T helper cells derived cytokines were depressed, too.Conclusion MMF has a suppressive influences on the antigen-presenting functions of in vitro cultured dendritic cells and promotes the tolerance-induction effect of DCp.

Objective To discuss the clinical values of 18 F-FDG imaging in screening of the recipients with liver transplantation.Methods By using positron emission tomography, 16 case of hepatocellular carcinoma and 21 case of hepatic cirrhosis with discompensation were subjected to 18 F-FDG imaging. The obtained images were fused with CT images. According to the result of the abnormal 18 F-FDG uptake in 18 F-FDG imaging and image fusion with CT imaging, extrahepatic malignant tumor was judged. The initial routine examinations showed no extrahepatic malignant tumor in these 37 cases , including primary extrahepatic carcinoma and extrahepatic metastasis of liver carcinoma.Results Among the 21 case of hepatic cirrhosis with discompensation, there were 5 cases of extrahepatic primary carcinoma and metastasis. In 16 cases of primary hepatocellular carcinoma, there were 7 cases of extrahepatic metastasis.Conclusion 18 F-FDG positron emission tomography imaging can find the extrahepatic carcinomas which can not be discovered by other examinations, which can provide more information for screening of the recipients undergoing liver transplantation.

Objective To sdudy the percentage of defect size following acute coronary syndromes(ACS) before and after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)therapy by myocardial tomography.Methods ~(99m)Tc-MIBI myocardial imaging was performed on 106 ACS patients to estimate the defect size before and after reperfusion.Results A significant difference in defect size was found between groups before and after PCI[(26.7?4.9)% vs (12.8?4.6)%,P

Objective To analyze the risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence after liver transplantation based on 18F-FDG PET/CT.Method We respectively analyzed 54 cases of HCC patients who accepted liver transplantation from 2008 September to 2012 November.The clinicopathological features of 54 patients were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis to determine the risk factors of HCC recurrence after liver transplantation.The ROC curve was drawn to determine the optimal cutoff value of T/B that affects HCC recurrence after liver transplantation.Result The total incidence of HCC recurrence was 48.1％ (26/54); the disease-free survival (DFS) rate of 0.5 year,1 year and 2 years after transplantation in 54 patients was 92.6％,66.7％,52.2％,49.1 ％ and 49.1％ respectively.The univariate analysis results showed that there were 5 variables to affect HCC recurrence,namely PET imaging,tumor size,tumor number,preoperative AFP level,and tumor degree.On ROC curve analysis,the optimal cutoff value for T/B was 1.69.The multivariate analysis concluded that T/B,and preoperative AFP level were independent factors.Conclusion T/B ＞1.69 and preoperative AFP level ＞400 μg/L are important biological factors of HCC recurrence after liver transplantation.

Objective To evaluate the value of multislice spiral CTA in diagnosis of intracranial aneurysm.Methods CTA data in 32 patients with intracranial aneurysms proved by operation and DSA were retrospectively analysed in comparison with the results of DSA.Results 38 aneurysms in 32 patients were detected by DSA and operation.Six cases of 32 had two aneurysms.36 and 34 aneurysms were detected by DSA and CTA respectively.4 aneurysms located at anterior communicating artery,7 at middle cerebral artery,9 at posterior communicating artery,14 at internal carotid artery and 4 at basilar artery.Conclusion MSCTA can be used as the method in screening intracranial aneurysms for surgery and interventional therapy.

Objective To study the dynamics changes of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) bacterial load within 48 h after infection in a rabbit meningitis model, and provide information for diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of this disease. Methods Taking New Zealand white rabbit as the study object, meningitis model was established via cerebellar cistern puncture with different concentrations of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) to explore the relationship between the mortality of animals and the subarachnoid inoculation dosage. The dynamics study of CSF bacterial load was conducted with proper inoculation bacterial dosage. Forty-eight rabbits were separated into four groups (12 each group): E. coli meningitis model group, E. coli meningitis + ceftriaxone treated group, S. aureus meningitis model group and S. aureus meningitis + vancomycin treated group. At 0,12, 24, 36 and 48 h of inoculation, CSF and blood samples were obtained for CSF bacterial quantitative culture, CSF leukocyte count and peripheral blood leukocyte count. Finally, the relationships between the early mortality of animals, the efficacy of antibiotics, CSF leukocyte counts and the dynamics changes of CSF bacterial load were analyzed in the bacterial meningitis rabbit model.The CSF bacterial load and the white blood cell count curve were compared by analysis of covariance (ANOVA). Correlation test was done using correlate partial analysis. Results The relationship between subarachnoid inoculation dosage and the mortality of rabbits presented S-curve correlation.The bacterial load in subarachnoid space peaked in 12-24 h after infection and then gradually decreased. Effective antibiotic therapy could significantly speed up the decline of this process. There were significantly different between E. coli meningitis model group and E. coli meningitis+ceftriaxone treated group (F= 27. 10, P<0. 01), between S. aureus meningitis model group and S. aureus meningitis + vancomycin treated group (F=5. 97, P = 0. 016). There was a positive correlation between CSF bacterial load and CSF leukocyte count in E. coli and S. aureus meningitis model groups (r=0. 89, 0.84, respectively; P = 0.046, 0.049, respectively). Conclusions In the treatment of bacterial meningitis, effective and sufficient antibiotics should be used as soon as possible to control the CSF bacterial load and reduce the mortality. The CSF leukocyte count can be used as indicator of CSF bacterial load and guide the antibiotic treatment in clinical bacterial meningitis.

Objective To explore the value of 18F-FDG PET/CT in predicting tumor recurrence for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after liver transplantation (LT).Method We respectively analyzed 52 patients with HCC who underwent the 18F-FDG PET/CT examination before LT.In terms of tumor recurrence,all patients were divided into recurrence group and non-recurrence group.According to the degree of 18F-FDG uptake,all patients were divided into PET(-) group and PET (+) group.The SUVmax of primary tumor/the SUVmax of normal-liver background (T/B) was calculated by 18F FDG PET/CT.All patients were then divided into T/B≤1.15 group and T/B＞1.15 group.Result During the follow-up period,25 out of 52 patients (48.1％) developed posttransplant HCC recurrence and 27 (51.9％) had no recurrence.T/B of patients with recurrence (2.51 ± 0.95) was significantly higher than that of patients with non-recurrence (1.37 ± 0.46),t =4.12,P＜0.001.The disease-free survival rate of 0.5 year,1 year,2 years and 3 years after LT in PET(-) group and PET(+) group was 100.0％,92.3％,92.3％ and 92.3％,and 89.7％,59.0％,43.6％ and 35.7％ respectively.Log-rank test revealed that disease-free survival rate in PET(-) group was significantly higher than that in PET(+) group,x2 =17.8,P=0.003.The disease-free survival rate of 0.5 year,1 year,2 years and 3 years after LT in T/B≤1.15 group and T/B＞1.15 group was 100.0％,92.3％,92.3％ and 92.3％,and 89.5％,59.7％,42.1％ and 33.7％ respectively.Log-rank test showed that disease-free survival rate of T/B≤1.15 group was significantly higher than that of T/B＞1.15 group,x2 =10.24,P =0.001.Conclusion 18F-FDG PET/CT can predict HCC recurrence after LT.PET(-)and T/B≤1.15 of the 18F-FDG PET/CT in patients with HCC after LT were associated with a good prognosis,and PET(+) and T/B＞1.15 of the 18F-FDG PET/CT in patients with HCC after LT with a poor prognosis.

Objective: Sampledrawing is an important procedure in the study of allergic airway inflammation.The authors investigate the methods of drawing samples from the animals with allergic airway inflammation.Methods: We included in this study 20 Guinea pigs,10 rats and 20 mice,which underwent trachea incision,followed by bronchoalveolar and rhinal lavage and collection of the lavage fluids.Then we collected blood samples via the heart from the guinea pigs and rats and via both the heart and the eyes from the mice,and obtained the tissues of the nasal cavities and lungs by different methods.Results: All the samples were satisfactorily obtained from the animals,and 80% of the bronchoalveolar and rhinal lavage fluids were collected.Conclusion: Different methods should be adopted to suit different sampledrawing from the animal models of allergic airway inflammation.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and dissemination mechanism of 16S rRNA methylase genes in extended-spectrum beta-lactamases(ESBLs)-producing Enterobacteriaceae in China.Methods PCR amplification and DNA sequencing were used for screening and identifing 16S rRNA methylase genes and ESBLs genes.Minimal inhibitory concentrations(MICs)of the antimicrobial agents were detected by Etest.Conjugation and plasmid extract were performed to study dissemination mechanism of 16S rRNA methylase genes and ESBLs genes.Results Only one strain.Klebsiella oxytoca strain ZJ157 was screened as positive for armA gene from 447 ESBLs-producing isolates,which also contained CTX-M-15 and TEM-1 genes.It was resistant to aminoglycesides,ciprofloxacin,and most β-lactams,except carbapenems,polymyxin E and tigecyeline.Resistance to amikacin and β-lactams was transferred to a recipient Escherichia coli 600 by conjugation experiment.arntA.CTX-M-15 and TEM-1 genes were detected in the transconjugant.A plasmid about 55 kb was extracted from Klebsiella oxytoca ZJl57 and the transconjugant.Conclusions A 16S rRNA methylase gene armA was detected in an isolate of Klebsiella oxytoca.armA,CTX-M-15 and TEM-1 genes can be co-transferred in the same plasmid leading to multi-drug resistance.