Objective To built up the ERP model,measure mode and P300 potential reference standard in mice with vascular dementia(VD),and characterize the P300 potential in mice with VD.Methods Fortyeight mice were randomly divided into a normal group.sham operation group and a VD group.The mice in the Vd group were subject to repetitive ischemia and reperfusion by using the ligation of bilateral common carotid arteries so as to establish the VD model.The behavioral abnormalities were investigated by step-down test and water maze test.The N2 and P3 components of P300 potentials were also recorded.Results It was shown that the learning and memory abilities as reflected by the step down test and water maze test scores were decrease in mice in the VD group when compared with those in the normal group and sham operation group(P<0.05).The N2 and P3 latencies significantly prolonged(P<0.01)and P3 amplitudes decreased(P<0.05)in VD group as well.Conclusions In VD mice,there is a significant prolongation of the P300 potential latency and a significant decrease of learning and memory abilities.Recordings of P300 from unanesthetized mice could be an objective,non-invasive,quantitative and valuable electrophysiological method for studying the cognitive function of VD mice.

Objective:To investigate the short-term clinical effect of using fibular flap with preserving the continuity of fibula in hip preservation surgery for femoral head necrosis.Methods:From September, 2017 to November, 2020, 13 cases of femoral head necrosis were repaired with fibular flap. The fibular flaps were cut with an improved method for preserving the continuity of the fibular cortex, and the donor sites were sutured directly. The fibuls were inserted into the femoral heads with single or double segment folding support. Autogenous iliac crest combined with platelet-rich plasma(PRP) was used for impaction of bone grafting in femoral head, and the fibular flaps were anastomosed with 1 artery and 2 veins. All follow-up data were obtained, including bone union by X-ray and CT as well as the functional recovery of the hip joint and donor site. Statistical analysis was performed. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:The followed-up time ranged from 6 to 23 months. The fibular bones were significantly thicker and the incisions healed well at the donor sites. There was neither abnormal sensation in toes, dorsal foot, and lateral of the leg, nor significant influence on foot function. The hip joint activities were normal. The outcome was proved to be remarkable according to the Harris score(from 58.9±10.6 points before surgery to 81.7±10.6 points after surgery), the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:The method of the improved fibular flap in hip preservation surgery is beneficial to the repair and reconstruction of the necrotic femoral head since the donor area is less traumatic, and a satisfactory clinical effect can be obtained.

ObjectiveTo observe the effects of Dendrobium polysaccharides on the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4）/nuclear factor （NF）-κB pathway in 16HBE cells exposed to cigarette smoke extract （CSE）. MethodThe 16HBE cells were classified into the control， CSE， and CSE+ Dendrobium polysaccharides （100， 200， 400 mg·L^-1） groups. The cell-counting kit-8 （CCK-8） assay was employed to measure the cell viability， and a microscope was used to observe the cell morphology. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed to measure the levels of interleukin （IL）-8， IL-1β， IL-4， IL-13， and transforming growth factor （TGF）-β in cell culture supernatants. Real-time PCR was carried out to determine the mRNA levels of Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4）， nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB）， and IL-4. Western blot was employed to determine the protein levels of interleukin-4 receptor （IL-4R）， TLR4， myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88 （MyD88）， NF-κB， phosphorylated nuclear factor-κB （p-NF-κB）， and nucleoproteins nuclear factor-κB （NEs-NF-κB）. The immunofluorescence assay was employed to measure the nuclear translocation of NF-κB. ResultCompared with the control group， the CSE group showed elevated levels of IL-8， IL-1β， IL-4， IL-13， and TGF-β in the cell culture supernatants （P<0.05， P<0.01）， up-regulated expression levels of TLR4， MyD88， NF-κB， p-NF-κB， NEs-NF-κB， and IL-4 （P<0.01）， and significant nuclear translocation of NF-κB. Compared with the CSE group， Dendrobium polysaccharides increased the cell survival rate， recovered the cell activity， lowered the levels of IL-8， IL-1β， IL-4， IL-13， and TGF-β， down-regulated the expression of TLR4， MyD88， NF-κB， p-NF-κB， NEs-NF-κB， and IL-4 （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and reduced the nuclear translocation of NF-κB. ConclusionDendrobium polysaccharides showed significant protective effects on the 16HBE cells exposed to CSE by inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.