Objective To determine the effects of dibutyl phthalate(DBP) on female mice reproductive system. Methods The healthy Kunming adult female mice with body weight from 22 g to 30 g were randomly divided into 4 groups,one as reagent control group. The other three as treated groups, 12 female mice per group. In the exposure groups,the mice were administrated by peritoneal injection with DBP at the dose of 400?40?4mg/kg body weight,respectively. The mice in control group were administrated with the same amount of vehicle(dimethyl sulfoxide). All the mice were administrated once a day,continuously for 14 days. The estrous cycles were observed during the period of the experimental study. On the fifteenth and twenty-eightieth days,the mice were sacrificed. The organ coefficients of uterus and ovary were determined,and the histopathological changes of the left ovary were observed. Results The estrous cycles in 400 mg/kg body weight dose group and 40 mg/kg body weight dose group were markedly delayed with a significant dose-effect relationship. The organ coefficients of the uterus in the groups exposed to DBP were significantly higher than that of the control group. On the fifteenth days,the number of mature follicles in 400 mg/kg body weight dose group was less than that of the control group,but the number of atretic follicles in 400 mg/kg body weight dose group and 40 mg/kg body weight dose group were more than that of the control group. On the twenty-eightieth days,the number of atretic follicles in 400 mg/kg body weight dose group was more than that of the control group. Conclusion Dibutyl phthalate had adverse effects on the reproduction-endocrine system of adult female mice. DBP might demonstrate an estrogenic activity in vivo.

Objective To evaluate the genotoxicity of the organic extracts in the fishpond water containing the sewage. Methods Healthy Kunming mice were randomly divided into 6 groups according to the body weight, 8 mice in each group. The mice were treated with organic extracts through intraperitoneal injection at the doses of 25 L/kg, 12.5 L/kg, 6.25 L/kg, 3.125 L/kg water sample respectively for 3 consecutive days. Genotoxicity induced by organic extracts from the fishpond water containing the sewage was detected by the mice bone marrow micronucleus test and un-fluorescent staining comet assay of mice peripheral blood lymphocytes. Results The frequencies of the micronuclei in PCE cells of mice in the 25 L/kg and 12.5 L/kg groups of the sample were significantly higher than those of the negative control group(P

Objective To determine the urine lead level in school_age children under conditions of environmental lead exposure and evaluate the effects of the presence of body lead on IQ, academic achievement and behavior in school of these children. Methods The concentrations of urine lead and IQs for 118 children aged 7～12 were measured. The academic achievement, behavior in school and the correlated factors were derived from the questionnaires given to their teachers and parents. Results The urine lead level of 118 children was (7.04?3.53)?g/L. In children who lived in city central area the urine lead level was (7.71?3.52)?g/L. It was significantly higher than that of children who lived in a suburban area [(6.37?3.45)?g/L]; No significant differences were observed in IQ between children in city and suburbs. The results by single factor analysis showed that the urine lead level [(10.31?2.16)?g/L] in the lower IQ group (IQ

ve To assess the cytogenetic toxicological safety of fish raised in water containing effluent. Methods The mutagenecity of organic extracts of uncooked meat specimens of fish raised in fishpond water mixed with sewage water taken from South and North Sewer Drainage Canals of Tianjin was detected by mice bone marrow micronucleus test. Results The organic extracts of uncooked fish meat specimens showed positive result for all of the 3 observed groups of fish raised in water of fish ponds with sewage, and negative result for fish raised in clean fishpond water in micronucleus test. Conclusion The results indicated that some kinds of organic mutagenic compounds ex-isted in the uncooked meat of fish raised in fishpond water containing effluent, which might have some potentially hazardous effects on human health through the food chains.

Objective To study the mutagenicity of fish-raising water containing effluent. Methods The niuta-genieities of water samples from waste water canal, the fish-raising water(fish-pond water) treated by presedimenta-tion in oxidation tank were detected using micronucleus test of vicia faba root tip cells. The micronucleus test of peripheral red blood cells was carried out among fish raised in water containing effluent. The water samples and fish collected from reservoir as controls. Results The micronucleus test of vicia faba root tip cells showed that the micronucleus rates in treated fish-pond water and waste water were significantly higher than those of negative control group (distilled water) (P 0.05) . The frequencies of micronucleus in peripheral red blood cells of fish raised in treated fish-pond water were significantly higher than those of fish raised in reservior water (P

Objective To evaluate the mutagenicity of mercury, cadmium, arsenic, chromium(Ⅵ)and lead in water on Vicia faba root tip cells. Methods The micronucleus assay of Vicia faba root tip cells were conducted to determine micronucleus rate of Vicia faba root tip cells induced by mercury (0.000 5-1.0 mg/L), cadmium (0.005-1.0 mg/L), arsenic(0.05-2.0 mg/L), chromium (Ⅵ) (0.05-2.0 mg/L) and lead (0.05-3.0 mg/L ) ,and pollution indexes were calculated. Results When the concentration of mercury was ≥ 0.5 mg/L, cadmium ≥ 0.1 mg/L, arsenic ≥ 0.5 mg/L and chromium(Ⅵ)≥ 2.0 mg/L in the water, the micronucleus rate were significantly higher compared with the negative control group, respectively(P

With rapid development of modern industry,phthalate esters were used wildly in industry and it was found that phthalate esters can cause severe damages in animals growth,development and reproduction system.Even similar adverse effects might occur in human.On the basis of brief introduction for environment pollution situation about these compounds and the level of human exposure,this article introduced research advance made by scientists from various countries on phthalate esters affecting male reproduction health,and discussed the mechanism by which phthalate esters affect androgen.

Objective To study the effects of dibutyl phthalate(DBP) on estradiol biosynthesis and the related mechanism in puberty female rats.Methods Thirty-two female SD rats aged 21 days were randomly divided into the control group(corn oil) and low-dose(250 mg/kg),moderate-dose(500 mg/kg),and high-dose(1 000 mg/kg) DBP exposed groups,the rats were treated with DBP through gavage with a dose of 5 ml/kg,once a day for 8 consecutive weeks.After 8 weeks of exposure,the animals were sacrificed at proestrus.Radioimmunoassay was used to detect estradiol in the serum,the expression of aromatase mRNA levels was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR.Results Compared with the control group,the body weight of rats in the moderate-dose group was significantly higher(P

Objective To understand the genotoxicity of organic extracts (OEs) of fishpond water containing sewage.Methods Male Kunming mice were randomly divided into different groups according to the body weight,6 in each group.The OEs were administrated to the mice through peritoneal injection at the doses of 25.00 L/kg,12.50 L/kg and 6.25 L/kg respectively for 3 consecutive days.The negative and positive control groups were treated with DMSO and cyclophosphamide (CP) respectively.The DNA damage was tested by using un-fluorescent staining comet assay.Results The tailed-cells rates and tail length in each OEs treated group were significantly higher than those in the negative control group (P

OBJECTIVEThe purposes of our study were to investigate the association between maternal urinary phthalate metabolites and the levels of inhibin B (INHB) and insulin-like factor 3 (INSL3) in the cord blood in a Chinese pregnant population.

METHODSMaternal urine samples in the third trimester of pregnancy of 69 participants were collected and stored, and the samples of cord blood (10 ml) were collected at delivery between June 2011 and September 2012 in a comprehensive hospital of gynecology and obstetrics in Tianjin, China.Four phthalate metabolites, monomethyl phthalate (MMP), monoethyl phthalate (MEP), monobutyl phthalate (MBP), and mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) were measured in the urine samples using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The levels of INHB, INSL3 in the cord blood were tested by ELISA. Associations of phthalate exposure with INHB and INSL3 levels were determined by spearman correlation and multiple regression model analysis.

RESULTSThe median concentrations of observed metabolites in descending order were 49.74 µg/L for MMP, 24.96 µg/L for MEHP, 19.52 µg/L for MEP and 17.73 µg/L for MBP. The median concentrations of INHB and INSL3 were 89.09 and 106.21 ng/L.Significant negative associations between INHB and MMP(β' = -0.252), MEP(β' = -0.363) or the sum value (∑PAEs) (β' = -0.346) were found by the multiple regression model analysis. For INSL3, only the sum value (β' = -0.313) was inversely significantly associated with the levels of INSL3 in the cord blood.

CONCLUSIONSMaternal urinary phthalate metabolites were associated with INHB and INSL3 in the cord blood in a Chinese population.

Adult ; Diethylhexyl Phthalate ; analogs & derivatives ; urine ; Female ; Fetal Blood ; chemistry ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Inhibin-beta Subunits ; blood ; Insulin ; blood ; Male ; Maternal Exposure ; Phthalic Acids ; urine ; Pregnancy ; Proteins ; Testicular Hormones ; blood ; Young Adult