Animals ; Arteries ; metabolism ; Cochlea ; blood supply ; Cystathionine gamma-Lyase ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Diagnosis, Differential ; Echocardiography, Doppler, Color ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Pneumonia ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Pulmonary Artery ; abnormalities ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Trachea ; abnormalities ; diagnostic imaging ; Vascular Malformations ; diagnosis ; physiopathology

Objective To systemically review the effect of ulinastatin on lung function in pediatric patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass.Methods PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Controlled Trials Reg-istry,China National Knowledge infrastructure,China Biology Medicine disc,VIP and Wanfang databases were searched from their inception to October 2015.Articles regarding the use of ulinastatin on lung function in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass were searched.Studies were screened by two independent re-viewers and then the data were extracted.The methodological quality was evaluated according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Meta-analysis was then performed using RevMan 5.1 software. Results Nineteen eligible studies (n = 657 patients)were identified.The results of meta analysis showed that ulinastatin could improve the oxygen partial pressure(SMD=0.90,95%CI 0.52-1.28,P <0.01)and oxygenation index (SMD=1.01,95%CI 0.45-1.56,P <0.01),decrease the PA-a O2 (SMD= -0.87, 95%CI -1.70--0.03,P =0.04),reduce the respiratory index (SMD=-0.81,95%CI -1.51--0.11, P =0.02),Lower the airway peak pressure (SMD=-0.83,95%CI -1.18--0.48,P <0.01),improve the dynamic compliance (Cd)(SMD=1.10,95%CI 0.57-1.62,P <0.01),and shorten the breathing ma-chine ventilation time (SMD=-0.98,95%CI -1.59--0.36,P <0.01).Conclusion This meta-analysis showed that ulinastatin treatment had a certain degree of protective effects on lung function in pediatric pa-tients undergoing cardiac surgery with CPB,but further research was needed for all these studies which were not multicenter,strictly controlled.

Objective To analyze the distribution of image noise in low-dose chest CT scan and optimize the relative scanning parameters.Methods The CT images of the Chinese anthropomorphic chest phantom( CDP-1 C) were simulated into six groups of low-dose images with different noise indexs by using an image noise addition tool.The difference between the preset noise index and analog noise value was compared.The CT images of 20 volunteers were also simulated into nine groups of low dose scans with the tube currents of 10,30,50,80,100,120,150,180 and 240 mA.The noise values of images were recorded and analyzed.Results There was no statistical difference between the analog noise value and the noise index.The image noise of low-dose chest scan was increased with the decrease of tube current.The noise was increased quickly when the current was decreased from 50 to 30 mA ( F =24.09 - 40.79,P ＜ 0.05),but the noise increased slowly when the current decreased from 240 to 80 mA.There was no statistical difference between the noise of 80 mA group and that of 120 mA(P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The noise addition tool can be used to evaluate the image noise of low-dose chest CT scan.Adoption of 80 mA in chest CT scan would result in low radiation dose without adding image noise.

Abstract: Objective To investigate the clinical types of children's tinea capitis and the distribution of fungal pathogens in Wuhan from 2011 to 2020, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of children's tinea capitis. Methods Laboratory data of children with tinea capitis in outpatient and inpatient department of dermatology in Wuhan No.1 Hospital from January 2011 to December 2020 were collected. A total of 542 cases of pediatric tinea capitis were included, with 239 male cases and 303 female cases. Microscopic examination of fungi and culture identification were performed on the affected skin lesions of the children. Chi-square test was used to analyze the differences in pathogen spectrum of children with different age groups and clinical type. Results Among the pediatric tinea capitis patients, the age group with the highest prevalence was preschool children（3 to <7 years old), accounting for 48.52%（263/542). The top three pathogenic fungi were Trichophytes violaceum（49.26%, 267/542), Microsporum canis（31.55%, 171/542) and Trichophyton mentagrophytes （9.96%, 54/542). Trichophyton violaceum was the main pathogen in all ages, followed by Microsporum canis. The infection rate of Microsporum canis in children over 7 years old was lower than that in children under 7 years old, and the infection rate of Trichophyton rubrum in infants was higher than that in other ages. The distribution of Trichophytes violaceum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Nannizzia gypseum and Microsporum ferrugineum was uniform in all age groups. Trichophytes violaceum and Trichophyton tousurans mainly caused black-dot ringworm, Microsporum canis mainly caused tinea alba, Trichophyton mentagrophytes,Nannizzia gypseum and Trichophytonrubrum mainly caused kerion. Except for Microsporum ferrugineum, the composition ratios of other fungi species showed statistically significant differences among different clinical types of tinea capitis（P<0.05). Conclusions Preschool children are the most commonly affected age group by pediatric tinea capitis, and black-dot ringworm caused by Trichophytes violaceum is the main clinical type. Analysis of the high-riskage group, pathogenic fungi and clinical types of tinea capitis in children can enhance the understanding of its epidemiological characteristics, which is helpful for early diagnosis and targeted standardized treatment of pediatric tinea capitis.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the possible mechanism of compound Chinese sour taste herbs (CS) in preventing and ameliorating diabetic macroangiopathy by analyzing the effects of CS on the deposition of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and gene expression of receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) in the aorta tissue of rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

METHODSRat model of T2DM was established by peritoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) and high caloric diet feeding. Experimental SD rats were divided into the normal group, the model group, the aminoguanidine (AG) group, and the CS group. At the end of the 8th and 12th week, the fasting blood glucose (FBG) was measured by glucose oxidase method; content of AGEs and collagen in aorta detected by fluorescent method and gene expression of RAGE in aorta determined by Real-time PCR method.

RESULTSFBG, AGEs and collagen contents and RAGE expression in aorta of model rats were all higher than those in the normal control group (P <0.05), while all these indices were lower in the CS group than in the model group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONCS could realize the goal for preventing and ameliorating diabetic macroangiopathy by way of suppressing the production of AGEs and down-regulating the gene expression of RAGE in aorta of T2DM rats.

Animals ; Aorta ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Glycation End Products, Advanced ; metabolism ; Male ; Phytotherapy ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products ; Receptors, Immunologic ; genetics ; metabolism

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To explore the role of SHARPIN in regulation of Rip1 in castration-resistant prostate cancer LNCaP-AI cells.METHODS:The LNCaP-AI cells were treated with TNF-α+Z-VAD ( an inhibitor of pan-caspase) to activate necroptosis, which were compared to the cells treated with TNF-α+Z-VAD+Nec-1 ( an inhibitor of Rip1 ) .A blank group and a TNF-α-treated group were set up as controls.The cell viability in each group was measured by MTS as-say.In addition, SHARPIN was knocked down by siRNA, and the inhibitory efficiency was evaluated by RT-qPCR.The expression of Rip1 at mRNA and protein levels after knocking down SHARPIN was determined by RT-qPCR and Western blot to explore the underlying mechanism of regulatory network of necroptosis in prostate cancer.RESULTS: Compared with blank control group and TNF-α-treated group, the viability of LNCaP-AI cells treated with TNF-α+Z-VAD decreased by 28%(P<0.05).After treated with TNF-α+Z-VAD+Nec-1, the LNCaP-AI cells showed no significant difference in the viability compared with blank control and TNF-α-treated groups.Taken together, necroptosis may be an important way of cell death in LNCaP-AI cells.Besides, the expression of Rip1 at protein level was up-regulated following the inhibition of SHARPIN using siRNA, indicating that down-regulation of SHARPIN enhanced necroptosis via activating Rip1 in
LNCaP-AI cells.CONCLUSION:Necroptosis is an important way of cell death .Inhibition of oncogenic factor SHARPIN enhances necroptosis via activating Rip1 in LNCaP-AI cells.

Objective To report a case of deep mycosis caused by Rhizomucor chlamydosporus. Methods Medical history,histopathology and laboratory examination were investigated,and fungal identifi- cation by microscopy and culture as well in the patient.Results The patient,a 41-year-old male,initially presented with mild-tender and progressively aggravating masses on the right glutea,both groins,and back of the head of pancreas.Later,ulcer,necrosis,and black crusts developed at the primary lesions accompanied with nausea,vomitting and dysfunction of liver.Pathological examination revealed a chronic granuloma- tous inflammation in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue;and branching,nonseptate and broad hyphae in multinuclear giant cells,tissue spaces and blood vessel lumens,and,few PAS-positive septate hyphae as well as basophilic chlamydospores located in multinuclear giant cells.The isolate was identified as R. chlamydosporus.Conclusions The case of deep mycosis caused by R.chlamydosporus began with invasive granuloma,followed by necrotic ulcer,with condition aggravating rapidly,and the patient finally died of se- rious cachexia.

OBJECTIVE: To select specific DNA aptamer for determining ketamine by FluMag-SELEX. METHODS: Based on magnetic beads with tosyl surface modification as solid carrier and ketamine as target, a random ssDNA library with total length of 78 bp in vitro was compounded. After 13 rounds screening, DNA cloning and sequencing were done. Primary and secondary, structures were analyzed. The affinity, specificity and Kd values of selected aptamer were measured by monitoring the fluorescence intensity. RESULTS: Two ssDNA aptamers (Apt#4 and Apt#8) were successfully selected with high and specific abilities to bind ketamine as target with Kd value of 0.59 and 0.66 μmol/L. The prediction of secondary structure was main stem-loop and G-tetramer. The stem was the basis of stability of aptamer's structure. And loop and G-tetramer was the key of specific binding of ketamine. CONCLUSION FluMag-SELEX can greatly improve the selection efficiency of the aptamer, obtain the ketamine-binding DNA aptamer, and develop a new method for rapid detection of ketamine.
Aptamers, Nucleotide/metabolism* ; DNA ; DNA, Single-Stranded/genetics* ; In Vitro Techniques ; Ketamine/metabolism* ; Oligonucleotides ; SELEX Aptamer Technique/methods*

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the utilization and trend of bisphosphonates drugs in patients with bone metastasis of breast cancer from Zhejiang province,so as to provide reference for the further promotion of their rational use. METHODS:The utilization of this type of drugs in 11 hospitals of Zhejiang province during 2010-2015 was analyzed statistically,counted and ranked by using the method of cost ranking analysis and DDDs analysis in the respect of amount,DDDs,DDC,etc. RESULTS:The amount of bisphosphonates drugs was increased steadily in 6 years(increasing greatly in 2011),increased by 96.26% in 2015,compared to 2010. Top 3 drugs in the list of amount were Zoledronic acid for injection(imported),Zoledronic acid for injection(domestic)and Pamidronate disodium for injection. Among them,Zoledronic acid for injection(imported)basically showed an upward trend,while Pamidronate disodium for injection showed decline trend. Top 3 drugs in the list of DDDs were Zoledronic acid for injection(domestic),Zoledronic acid for injection(imported)and Pamidronate disodium for injection;DDDs of Zoledronic acid for injection(domestic)and Zoledronic acid for injection(imported)were generally on the rise,while that of Pamidronate disodium for injection showed an overall downward trend. B/A value of bisphosphonates ranged 0.33-2.00,among which B/A value of Zoledronic acid for injection(domestic)was 2.00 and that of Zoledronic acid for injection(imported)was 0.50 during 2012-2015. The first and second drugs in the list of DDC were Clodronate disodium for injection and Zoledronic acid for injection(imported). CONCLUSIONS:The total amount of bisphosphonates drugs in patients with bone metastasis of breast cancer from 11 hospitals of Zhejiang province during 2010-2015 was increased steadily. Some varieties of second and third generation bisphosphonates with definite curative effect,good safety and reasonable price are dominant in clinical use. The selection and use of bisphosphonates is basically reasonable,but price is still the primary factor restricting the further wide application of some varieties.