Objective To investigate the effect of early intervention with education combined with treatment on developing intelligence of preterm infants. Methods Ninety seven preterm infants were assigned into the intervention group(n=49)and control group(n=48):Those in the former group were managed with early intervention by education combined with medical treatment and those in the latter were given routine preventive health service.The two groups were compared in terms of body length and weight at months 6,9 and 12 as well as the developmental quotient(DQ)with developmental screening test(DST). Result The scores on DQ in the intervention group were all significantly higher than those of the control at the three time points(all P<0.01).Conclusion The early intervention with education combined with treatment is effective for the early development of intelligence of preterm infants.

0.05).There was correlation between the expression of 5-LOX and TNM stages.The expression of 5-LOX in stages III~IV of pancreatic cancer was markedly higher than that in stages I~II of pancreatic cancer(P

Objective To study the relationship between graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and endothelium injury following hematopoietic stem cells transplantation in mice. Methods C57BL/6 mice as donors and Balb/c mice as recipients were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group, bone marrow transplantation group, GVHD group, GVHD mitigation group. The clinical manifestations,circulating endothelial cells and tissue pathological changes were observed at different time points after transplantation. Results No manifestations of GVHD were found in each group at the day 5, while those were found in GVHD group at the day 9 and all died within 15 days. The counts of endothelial cells in peripheral blood showed no significant difference at the day 5 between GVHD group (7. 34 ±1.26 cells/μl) and bone marrow transplantation group (11.51 ± 7. 40 cells/μl) or GVHD mitigation group (7. 36 ± 0. 16 cells/μl), while among three groups there was statistically significant difference at the day 9 (GVHD group: 153. 64 ± 35. 35 cells/μl vs bone marrow transplantation group: 10. 49 ±5. 61 cells/μl and GVHD mitigation group: 47. 82 ± 4. 69 cells/μl). The scores of pathological aGVHD had no significant difference at the day 5 between GVHD group (4. 33± 1. 53) and bone marrow transplantation group (3. 33 ± 0. 58) or GVHD mitigation group (4. 00 ± 1.73), while among three groups there was statistically significant difference at the day 9 (GVHD group: 10. 0 vs bone marrow transplantation group: 3. 33 ± 1.15 or GVHD mitigation group: 4. 33 ± 0. 58) and at the day 14 (GVHD group: 10. 33 ± 2. 58 vs bone marrow transplantation group: 2. 33 ± 1.25 or GVHD mitigation group 3. 33 ± 1.15). Conclusion Occurrence of GVHD causes endothelial damage again and injured endothelium worsens the GVHD.

Objective To study the repair function of united endothelial progenitor cells (EPC)transplantation on injured liver endothelium by bone marrow transplantation (BMT) conditioning.Methods C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups randomly: normal control group, without any treatment; irradiation alone group, administered a total body irradiation(TBI) pretreatment, without BMT; (3) BMT alone group: C57BL/6 mice were infused with bone marrow mononuclearcells (MNC) 5 × 106/only through caudal vein not more than 4 h after the same TBI pretreatment as the irradiation alone group; united transplantation group: receiving the same way as the BMT alone group, but C57BL/6 mice were infused with EPC 5 × 105/only at the same time. Two, 4, 7, 14, and 21 days after the TBI, the changes of the liver weight were observed regularly. The histopathological examination of liver was done at the 4th, 7th, 14th, and 21st day after the TBI. Results In irradiation alone group, BMT alone group and united transplantation group the liver weight began to increase significantly on the day 2 and peaked at 14th day after the TBI, and the peaks were respectively (1.65±0. 15) times (P＜0. 05), (1.61 ±0.06) times (P＜0.05), and (1.11 ±0.40)times (P＜0. 05) of those in normal control group. At the day 14, the liver weight in irradiation alone group, BMT alone group and united transplantation group began to decrease, and on the day 21 the liver weight in united transplantation group had been completely restored to normal level, however the liver weight in irradiation alone group and BMT alone group were still significantly heavier than that in normal control group (P＜0. 05). Liver histopathological examination revealed that there were obvious sinusoidal endothelial cells (SEC) injury, hepatocyte edema and severe inflammatory cell infiltration in irradiation alone group, and on the day 7 the hepatocyte edema and necrosis were significantly worse than before, and almost no alive SEC were found. On the day 14 the injury of SEC in BMT alone group was lighter than before, but on the day 21 the injury had not returned to normal. On the day 7 the injury of SEC, hepatocyte edema and necrosis were alleviated in united transplantation group as compared with irradiation alone group and BMT alone group, and on the day 14 the injury had returned to normal basically. Conclusion The transplantation conditioning could damage recipient liver endothelium and the injury would persist, and united EPC infusion could repair the injured SEC following BMT.

Objective To determine the conditioning regimen suitable for mice allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).Methods Twelve BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 2 equal groups to undergo X-ray irradiation by linear accelerator at the dose of 7.0 Gy (pure X-ray group) or 60Co source irradiation at the dose of 7.0 Gy (pure γ-ray group).Thirty mice were randomly divided into 2 equal groups to undergo X-ray irradiation and then infusion of bone marrow from donor mice via caudal vein (X-ray + transplantation group) or γ-ray and then infusion of bone marrow via caudal vein (γ-ray + transplahtation group).3,5,7,10,15,20,and 30 d later peripheral blood samples were collected to calculate the number of white blood cells (WBCs) and detect the chimeric rates of lymphocytes by flow cytometry.5,10,and 20 d after irradiation 15 mice were killed with their lung,liver,small intestine,spleen,and femurs taken out to undergo pathological examination.Results The survival rates during the period 5-15 days of the γ-ray + transplantation group were all significantly higher than those of the X-ray + transplantation group.The pathological changes of organs of the X-ray +transplantation group were all more severe than those of the γ-ray + transplantation group.Since the fifth day after transplantation cells originating from the donor began to appear in the peripheral blood.The chimeric rate of the γ-ray + transplantation group 10 days after transplantation was (95.53± 2.57) %.The chimeric rates 5,10,and 20 days after transplantation of the γ-ray + transplantation group were all significantly higher than those of the X-ray + transplantation group (t = 15.263,3.256,P < 0.05).The WBC count of both irradiation groups decreased to the lowest level 5 d later and began to increase 10 days after transplantation and the WBC counts of the γ-ray + transplantation group 10 and 20 days aftertransplantation were both significantly higher than those of the X-ray + transplantation group (t = 3.624,6.695 ,P < 0.05).The chimeric rats of the peripheral lymphocytes 10 and 20 days after transplantation of the γ-ray + transplantation group were both significantly higher than those of the X-ray + transplantation group (t = 12.317,8.295,P < 0.05).The homogeneity rate of transplantation of the γ-ray +transplantation group was better than that of the X-ray + transplantation group.Conclusions As a conditioning regimen in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation γ-ray irradiation causes milder injury and accelerated reconstitution of hematopoiesis and immunity,in comparison with X-ray irradiation.

Objective To evaluate the effect of using standardized patients (SP) in psychiatry class teaching.Methods A standardized patient was used when giving instructions on seven years clinic medicine students of Fudan university,the effect of this teaching model was assessed.Results Totally 96.19％ of students believed that standardized patients teaching model was better than the traditional model.Students in classes of using standardized patients scored higher than students in classes without using standardized patients.Conclusion The standardized patients teaching mode,recognized by almost all students,is believed to help students to better master the knowledge of psychiatry.

Objective To analyze the infection sites of pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAE) isolated from patients in hospital ,and in‐vestigate their drug resistance situation ,in order to provide reference information for clinical use of antibiotics rationally .Methods The sample distribution of PAE between January 2012 and December 2013 were retrospectively analyzed .And the resistance rates of PAE to antibacterial drugs from different sites of patients were statistically compared .Results The isolation rate of PAE in re‐spiratory tract was the highest ,accounting for 74 .1% ,closely followed by isolation rate in urine and wound secretion .The resist‐ance rate of PAE to antibacterial drugs in these three kinds of specimen is statistically different (P<0 .05) .The resistance rate of PAE is high in respiratory tract ,and low in wound secretion .Conclusion The pseudomonas aeruginosa infection is mostly common‐ly found in respiratory tract ,and has the highest drug resistance rate .The choice of antibacterial drug should be made according to the infection sites of patients ,because the resistance rate of PAE in different sites of patients is significantly different .

AIM: To study the molecular mechanism in modulation of expression of insulin receptor substrate-1 and-2 (IRS-1,-2) by estrogen and high concentration of insulin. METHODS: The 5′-regulatory regions of IRS-1 and IRS-2 gene were cloned into the pGL3 plasmid with luciferase reporter, and the clones were transfected into HeLa cells. The cells were incubated with estradiol (1 nmol/L) and high concentration of insulin (100 nmol/L). The relatively transcriptional activity of the 5′-regulatory regions of IRS-1 and IRS-2 gene was detected. RESULTS: It was found that the relatively transcriptional activity of the 5′-modulatory regions of IRS-2 reduced markedly after cells were incubated with 100 nmol/L insulin (P

Objective To explore the protective effect of resveratrol (RSV) on intestine barrier injury induced by hemorrhagic shock and its mechanism in rats.Methods According to random number table method,sixty-four SPF grade male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into four groups:Sham operation group (only the catheters were indwelled in arterial and venous passages after anesthesia),hemorrhagic shock model group (model group,the catheters were indwelled in arterial and venous passages after anesthesia,and 0.3 mL solvent was administrated after hemorrhagic shock),RSV group (the catheters were indwelled in arterial and venous passages after anesthesia,15 mg/kg RSV was administered after hemorrhagic shock),superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) specific inhibitor,2-Methoxyoestradiol (2-ME) group (on the basic treatment of RSV group,0.1 mmol/L 2-ME was administered).The hemorrhagic shock model was reproduced by femoral artery bleeding.After drug administration,all rats were divided into two parts.One part was used for observations on 24-hour survival rate and survival time,while in the other part,2 hours after the hemorrhagic shock,the blood was collected for determination of the content of serum D-lactic acid,and afterward the rats were executed to obtain small intestine tissues for the examination of histopathological changes and Chiu's score.Moreover,differences of expression levels of tight junction proteins (Occludin,Claudin,ZO-1) of small intestine tissue and the oxidative stress related indexes SOD2 activity and reduced glutathione (GSH),oxidized glutathione (GSSH),malonaldehyde (MDA) contents were compared among the groups.Results Compared with the sham group,the model group demonstrated decreased survival rate,SOD2 activity,GSH content,GSH/GSSH ratio,reduced survival time,significantly increased serum D-lactic acid activity,Chiu's score and MDA content,and decreased expressions of tight junction proteins in small intestine tissue.Compared with model group,the RSV group showed significant increased survival rate [75.0％ (6/8) vs.37.5％ (3/8)] and prolonged survival time (hours:21.0±4.3 vs.10.4±5.8,P ＜ 0.05),significantly decreased serum D-lactic acid (μg/L:380.18 ± 70.59 vs.500.88 ± 97.53) and Chiu's score (1.75 ± 0.71 vs.4.00± 0.53) in small intestine (both P ＜ 0.05),obviously increased expressions of tight junction proteins,SOD2 activity,GSH and GSH/GSSG [Occludin (gray value):0.89 ± 0.10 vs.0.43 ± 0.77,Claudin (gray value):0.78±0.06 vs.0.33 ± 0.05,ZO-1 (gray value):0.83 ± 0.06 vs.0.34 ± 0.07,all P ＜ 0.05],and the elevated SOD2 activity (kU/L:0.85 ± 0.12 vs.0.51 ± 0.11,P ＜ 0.05],as well as increased GSH content and GSH/GSSG ratio [GSH (μmol/L):7.25±1.01 vs.3.86±0.54,GSH/GSSG:6.39± 1.14 vs.1.56±0.25,both P ＜ 0.05] in the small intestine,and markedly reduced MDA content (ng/g:5.00± 1.31 vs.8.63±0.92,P ＜ 0.05).Compared with RSV group,the 2-ME group demonstrated significantly decreased survival rate [50.0％ (4/8) vs.75.0％ (6/8)] and further shorter survival time (hours:12.2 ± 5.7 vs.21.0±4.3),increased serum D-lactic acid (μg/L:463.88 ± 60.16 vs.380.18 ± 70.59),obviously elevated Chiu's score (3.13 ± 0.99 vs.1.75±0.71,P ＜ 0.05),decreased expressions of tight junction proteins [Occludin (gray value):0.55±0.04 vs.0.89±0.10,Claudin (gray value):0.38±0.05 vs.0.78±0.06,ZO-1 (gray value):0.41±0.04 vs.0.83±0.06,all P ＜ 0.05];moreover,the activity of SOD2,GSH content,GSH/GSSG ratio were greatly reduced [SOD2 activity (kU/L):0.58 ± 0.13 vs.0.85 ± 0.12,GSH (μmol/L):4.49 ± 0.52 vs.7.25 ± 1.01,GSH/GSSG:1.57 ± 0.39 vs.6.39 ± 1.14,all P ＜ 0.05],and increased MDA content (ng/g:6.25 ± 1.04 vs.5.00 ± 1.31,P ＜ 0.05).The small intestine tissue was basically normal in Sham group,and no significant pathological changes were seen;in the model group,the small intestine epithelial mierovilli were collapsed and the mucosal barrier was destroyed obviously;in the RSV group the damages of small intestine microvilli and barrier were markedly alleviated;in 2-ME group the pathological changes were more evident compared with those in the RSV group.Conclusion RSV can improve intestinal barrier injury following hemorrhagic shock in rats;its mechanism may be related to SOD2 activation.

The aim of this study was to establish an assessment method for determining α-Gal (α-1, 3-galactosyle) epitopes contained in animal tissue or animal tissue-derived biological materials with ELISA inhibition assay. Firstly, a 96 well plate was coated with Gal α-1, 3-Gal/bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a solid phase antigen and meanwhile, the anti-α-Gal M86 was used to react with α-Gal antigens which contained in the test materials. Then, the residual antibodies (M86) in the supernatant of M86-Gal reaction mixture were measured using ELISA inhibition assay by the α-Gal coating plate. The inhibition curve of the ELISA inhibition assay, the R2 = 0.999, was well established. Checking using both α-Gal positive materials (rat liver tissues) and α-Gal negative materials (human placenta tissues) showed a good sensitivity and specificity. Based on the presently established method, the α-Gal expression profile of rat tissues, decellular animal tissue-derived biological materials and porcine dermal before and after decellular treatment were determined. The M86 ELISA inhibition assay method, which can quantitatively determine the α-Gal antigens contained in animal tissues or animal tissue-derived biomaterials, was refined. This M86 specific antibody based-ELISA inhibition assay established in the present study has good sensitivity and specificity, and could be a useful method for determining remnant α-1, 3Gal antigens in animal tissue-derived biomaterials.
Animals ; Antibodies ; Biocompatible Materials ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; methods ; Epitopes ; analysis ; Humans ; Rats ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Serum Albumin, Bovine ; Trisaccharides ; analysis