Objective To investigate the role of voltage-gated potassium channel in the human skin squamous cell carcinoma A431 cells and human keratinocyte HaCaT cells. Methods MTT assay was performed to detect the effect of different concentrations of tetraethylammonium (TEA) on the proliferation of cultured A431 cells and HaCaT cells. Besides, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was conducted to detect the expression of HERG channel protein in A431 cells, HaCaT cells and normal human skin tissue.Results TEA inhibited the proliferation of A431 cells and HaCaT cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner.After treated with TEA (≥ 10 mmol/L) for 24 or more hours, the proliferation of A431 cells and HaCaT cells was obviously suppressed. A significant difference was observed in the average concentration of HERG channel protein between A431 cells, HaCaT cells and normal human skin tissue (49.7114 ± 3.55696 pg/ml, 35.7471 ±4.14696 pg/ml, 36.8857 ± 3.47810 pg/ml, all P < 0.05). Conclusions The block of voltage-gated potassium channel could inhibit the proliferation of A431 cells and HaCaT cells, and the expression of voltage-gated potassium channel seems to be higher in human skin squamous cell carcinoma cells.

BACKGROUND:Finite element method is widely used in the femoral neck fracture, but the study concerning different fixation methods of femoral neck fracture is not much. OBJECTIVE:To analyze biomechanical properties of different fixation methods for femoral neck fracture using finite element analysis. METHODS:The femur of voluntters was scanned with CT, at thickness 0.6 mm, from the site above the greater trochanter of the femur. Scanning data were saved in .DICOM format. Data of right proximal femur were imported into Mimics software. Osteotomy was performed according to Pauwels I type fracture. Models of two tensile force screws, ful y threaded hol ow screw and proximal femoral locking plate were established. Three-dimensional finite element method was used to analyze stress distribution, stress concentration position, displacement distribution and maximum displacement in different models of femoral neck fracture with different internal fixation methods. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) The maximum stress value of two lag screws model was biggest. The maximum stress value of ful y threaded hol ow screw model was minimized. The maximum stresses of two lag screws model, ful y threaded hol ow screw model and proximal femoral locking plate model al were concentrated in the fixed end of fractures. (2) The femoral maximum stress of two lag screws model was biggest. The femoral maximum stress value of proximal femoral locking plate model was minimized. The femoral maximum stresses of two lag screws model, ful y threaded hol ow screw model and proximal femoral locking plate model al were concentrated in the medial femoral smal rotor near and medial femoral and fixation contact points. (3) The maximum displacement of two lag screws model was biggest. The maximum displacement of ful y threaded hol ow screw model was minimized. The maximum displacement of two lag screws model, ful y threaded hol ow screw model and proximal femoral locking plate model al was in the femoral head. (4) The maximum displacement value of two lag screws model fixed place was biggest. The maximum displacement value of ful y threaded hol ow screw model fixed place was minimized. The maximum displacement value of two lag screws model was biggest at femoral head. The maximum displacement value of ful y threaded hol ow screw model was minimized at femoral head. (5) Results showed that the treatment effect of ful y threaded hol ow screw on Pauwels I fractures was better than other two fixation methods.

Objective To discuss the effects of proteinase-activated receptor-2( PAR-2 )agonists on intestinal SIgA levels in rats with severe acute necrotizing pancreatitis( SAP). Methods This study established SAP rat model and observed the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in intestinal mucosa,SIgA content in intestinal mucus and histopathological changes of intestinal mucosa 6,12,and 24 h after establishment of model. The univariate analysis was used to compare the difference among groups. Linear correlation analysis was used to compare correlation between inflammatory mediators( TNF-α,IL-6 )and SIgA content in intestinal mucus,as well as the histopathological scores of intestinal mucosa. Results The level of TNF-α and IL-6 in intestinal mucosa and histopathological scores of intestinal mucosa were all significantly increased but SIgA content was decreased in model group at each time point after establishment of model,as compared with the sham-operated group(P﹤0. 05). The level of TNF-α and IL-6 in intestinal mucosa and histopathological scores of intestinal mucosa were all significantly decreased while SIgA content in intestinal mucus increased in pretreatment group at each time point after establishment of model,as compared with the model group(P﹤0. 05). There was a positive relationship between inflammatory mediators(TNF-α,IL-6)in intestinal mucosa and histopathological scores of intestinal mucosa(P﹤0. 01). There was a negative relationship between inflammatory mediators(TNF-α,IL-6)and SIgA content in intestinal mucus(P﹤0. 05). Conclusion Intestinal mucosa immune barrier was impaired in the early stage of SAP in rats. PAR-2 agonist has therapeutic effects on intestinal mucosa immune barrier,which is related to the inhibition of excessive release of inflammatory mediators( TNF-α and IL-6)in rats with SAP.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of early continuous high-volume-hemofiltration in the treatment of patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).Methods Based on the method of prospective,randomized and controlled clinical trial,60 patients with SAP between January 2005 and July 2011 from the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University were divided into control group and hemofiltration group.The hemofiltration group was treated with early continuous high-volume-hemofiltration and not in the control group.The changes of vital signs,clinical symptoms and laboratory indicators were compared between the two groups before and after the treatment.Results After hemofiltration,the clinical symptoms such as abdominal pain,fever,tachycardia and respiratory distress in hemofiltration group were significantly remitted compared to those in the control group (P ＜0.05).The APACHE Ⅱ score (13.3 ± 1.0 vs 14.1 ± 1.2) and the level of TBil[(20.4±11.3) μmol/L vs (28.1 ±10.9) μmol/L],creatinine[(178.7 ±71.8)μmol/L vs (215.6 ± 51.3) μmol/L],blood urea nitrogen[(10.1 ± 5.6) mmol/L vs (13.2 ± 3.8) mmol/L] and ALT[(51.3 ± 13.2) U/L vs (62.5 ±14.3) U/L] were decreased compared to those in the control group (all P values ＜0.05).The level of PaO2/FiO2(197.3 ±32.4 vs 178.3 ±31.7) was increased (P ＜ 0.05).After hemofiltration,heart rate was decreased gradually (P ＜ 0.05) in the hemofiltration group than in the control group.Mean artery pressure (mAP) increased gradually (P ＜ 0.05) in the hemofiltration group than in the control group.Conclusion Early continuous high-volume-hemofiltration has significant effects on the treatment of SAP including the improvement of clinic symptoms,the blockade of development from systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) to multiple organ dysfuction syndrome(MODS),improvement of organ function and prevention from the complications.It may become one of the important therapies for SAP.

Objective To investigate the effects of kidney-deficiency on auditory cortex metabolism in the elderly by using the proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy(1H-MRS).Methods 50 volunteers,including 20 young subjects and 30 older subjects matched for gender,were measured by pure tone audiometry、“kidney-deficiency”-related test and were executed 3.0 T multi-voxel 1H-MRS tests,The ratios of N-acetylaspartate (NAA),choline (Cho) and lactate (Lac) to creatine (Cr) were measured and were compared between the two groups.The t-test analysis were used for statistic process.The relationship between auditory cortex metabolism and the symptom of kidney-deficiency was also analyzed.Resnlts The result of kidney-deficiency-related test and pure tone audiometry revealed that there was significant difference between the two groups and the older subjects had the more severity kidney-deficiency and high-frequency hearing loss (t=6.335、19.558,P＜0.05).The NAA/Cho ratio in the auditory cortex in the older group was significantly lower than that in the younger group (t=2.90,P＜0.05).There were no significant differences between two groups for the ratios of NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr (t=1.415、0.927,P＞0.05).Decrease of the ratio of NAA/Cho in the older group is significantly related with kidneT-deficiency(r=- 0.773,P=0.025).Conclusion kidney-deficiency play a very important role in the hearing loss and reduction of the number of neurons in auditory cortex of older healthy subjects.It suggests one possible underlying mechanism for the speech perception difficulties exhibited by aging adults.

Objective To compare the discrepancy between the new (2012) and the old (1992) Atlanta classification criteria for defining severity, organ failure and local complications in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP).Methods Demographic, clinical and laboratory data of 2 305 consecutive AP patients with onset less than 3 days, were collected between January 2005 to December 2013 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University.Severity, organ failure and pancreatic local complications were respectively classified by the old Atlanta classification and the new revised Atlanta classification.Multi-factor scoring system and single serum marker were recorded and calculated using the acute pancreatitis database.Results In 2 305 patients with AP, there were 301 cases (13.1％) diagnosed with acute respiratory failure, 136 cases (5.9％) with shock, 105 cases (4.6％) with acute renal failure, 296 cases (12.8％) with gastrointestinal bleeding, based on the old Atlanta classification criteria.According to the severity, 900 cases (39.0％) were classified as mild acute pancreatitis (MAP), 1 405 cases (61.0％) as severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).However, based on the new Atlanta classification criteria, there were 686 cases (29.8％) with acute respiratory failure, 129 cases (5.6％) with acute renal failure, 107 cases (4.6％) with circulatory failure.Consequently, 998 cases (43.3％) were classified as MAP, 937 cases (40.7％) as moderately severe acute pancreatitis (MSAP), 370 cases (16.1％) as SAP.The incidence of respiratory failure was lower than that of the old standard.In SAP patients by new criteria, the discharge rate in critical condition and mortality were not only higher than those in MSAP patients (17.0％ vs 4.1％, 4.1％ vs 1.5％, respectively , all P ＜ 0.001), but also higher than those in SAP patients by the old classification (17.0％ vs 7.2％ ,4.1％ vs 2.1％, all P ＜ 0.001).Conclusions The diagnostic criteria of organ failure are different between the new and old Atlanta classification.The SAP patients classified by the new standard have worse outcome than those by the old standard.More attention needs to be paid to critical patients stratified by the new standard.

The expression of survivin, a member of inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family, was examined in bladder transitional cell cancer (BTCC) tissue and adjacent normal tissues to examine its clinical implication in the development of BTCC. Thirty specimens of bladder cancer were detected for the expression of survivin by using immunohistochemistry and real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-QPCR) in BTCC tissue and adjacent normal tissues. Our results showed that the positive rate of survivin immunostaining specimen were 0 and 60% (18/30) in the adjacent normal tissues, bladder cancer, respectively. The-DeltaDeltaCT value of survivin in bladder cancer tissue was 10.2829 (9.0034-11.5624) times that in the adjacent normal tissues. The expressions of survivin were correlated with the pathological grades of tumor and clinical stages. It is concluded that there was only weak expression of survivin mRNA in the adjacent normal tissues, but the expression of survivin mRNA in bladder cancer tissue was much higher than that in the adjacent normal tissues and the expression of survivin was correlated with pathological grades and clinical stages of tumor.
*Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/metabolism ; *Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/pathology ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins/genetics ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins/*metabolism ; Prognosis ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Tumor Markers, Biological/genetics ; Tumor Markers, Biological/*metabolism ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*metabolism ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*pathology

Allergic rhinitis (AR), with an increasing uptrend of the prevalence in many developed and developing countries, is a global health problem that affects people of all ages and ethnic groups. However, data on the prevalence of self-reported AR in western China are rare. This study investigated the epidemiological features of self-reported AR in western China. In the cross-sectional, population-based study, a validated questionnaire survey on self-reported AR was carried out in 4 major cities in western China by multistage, stratified and cluster sampling, from January to December 2008. The total prevalence rate was 34.3%, with 32.3% (Chongqing), 34.3% (Chengdu), 37.9% (Urumqi), 30.3% (Nanning), respectively. The prevalence presented to increase with age before 30 years old while decrease with age after 30 years old, and the highest prevalence was in 19-30 years group in Chongqing, Chengdu and Nanning which significantly showed "persistent and moderate-severe" type (P<0.0001); In Urumqi, there wasn't a significant increasing or decreasing trend of prevalence rate with age but with an "intermittent and mild"predominance (P<0.0001). There were no distinct sexual differences in prevalence rates in the 4 cities. The morbidity was positively related to monthly average temperature and sunshine (r=0.76645, P=0.0036; r=0.67303, P=0.0165), but negatively associated with relative humidity (r=-0.64391, P=0.0238) in Urumqi. Interestingly, the monthly morbidity was negatively associate with average temperature, sunshine and precipitation in Nanning (r=-0.81997, P=0.0011; r=-0.60787, P=0.0360; r=-0.59443, P=0.0415). Self-reported AR is becoming common in western China with a rapid development in recent years, affecting about three persons out of ten. The climatic factors may have an indirect impact on the prevalence rate through the effects on the local allergens.

Abstract Sedentary behaviors have gradually become the most popular “activity” in daily life. Too many non essential sedentary behaviors, such as the excessive consumption of video entertainment, pose a serious threat to health and generate a heavy burden of disease to society. There is an urgent need to raise awareness and take measures to curb sedentary behaviors. Childhood is a period of opportunity, during which caregivers can shape the behavioral habits of children and encourage them to adopt favorable behaviors, which can directly affect the physical health of the nation s future population. Recently, the government has successively promulgated relevant policies to encourage students sports and labor education to livelihood. It is particularly critical that such policies are implemented in practice.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) on the BCR/ABL fusion gene in leukemia K562 cell.

METHODSK562 cells were cultured in vitro. The rate of proliferation inhibition of cells treated with various concentrations of DHA were determined by using [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] (MTT) method. Expression of BCR/ABL fusion gene was analyzed by reverse transcription(RT-PCR) before and after DHA treatment. Apoptosis of K562 cells was detected by flow cytometry.

RESULTSThe growth of K562 cells was inhibited when the concentrations of DHA were 10-160 umol/L. With the added dose of DHA, the growth inhibition was remarkable, with the rate of inhibition risen from 52.76% to 94.65%. The expression of BCR/ABL fusion gene, as detected by RT-PCR after incubating the K562 cells with 20 umol/L DHA, measured as ΔCt = 4.45 ± 0.25 after 12 h and ΔCt = 5.23 ± 0.21 after 24 h, which was significantly lower compared with that of the control ( ΔCt = 4.23 ± 0.21, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONDHA can inhibit the proliferation of leukemia K562 cells and facilitate the induction of apoptosis by downregulating the expression of BCR/ABL fusion gene.

Artemisinins ; pharmacology ; Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; Genes, abl ; drug effects ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Leukemia ; genetics ; Tumor Cells, Cultured