Ketamine is mighty and short effective antalgic, advantaged in shock, asthma, etc. but it is restricted clinically because of serious side-effect. Today, low-dose ketamine(≤1 mg/kg) combined with opiates can enhance the efficacy of the opiates so that the dose of the opiates decrease relatively. The ketamine-opiates solution has enough stability and respiratory problems don't appear. So it is feasible that the combination of the two medicines can be used for patients with cervical spinal cord injury, who are susceptive to the respiratory distress and especially for the patients with depression.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the two common anesthesia techniques used in the hip joint replacement surgery (HJRS) and provide references to the most reasonable choice for them. MethodsTo undertake a retrospective study on 34 patients that received continuous epidural anesthesia(CEA) or combined intravenous and inhaled anesthesia(CIIA)respectively in HJRS. Results and Conclusions CEA had higher incidence of bone cement reaction than that of CIIA, whereas there was no significant difference in blood loss and the anesthesia efficacy between them. CIIA seemed to be easier to be performed. CIIA sounds more reasonable than CEA in HJRS although both of them are safe anesthesia techniques.

ObjectiveTo compare costs of combined intravenous and inhalation anesthesia (CIIA) and total intravenous anesthesia (TIA) when lower limbs orthopedics (LLO) performed on cerebral palsy children (CPC).MethodsTo analyze data of 49 CPC who received LLO under CIIA and TIA,and compare costs of two anesthetic styles.ResultsTIA had a significantly lower cost than CIIA (P<0.001),and showed a lower incidence of post-operation nausea and vomiting.ConclusionTIA can decrease cost of anesthesia and post-operation nursing compared with CIIA.

Objective To investigate the effect of treatment for frozen shoulder by manipulation release combined with hydraulic pressure distension.Methods In this randomized trial,78 patients with frozen shoulder syndrome randomly divided into three groups were enrolled in the study.28 patients were treated by manipulation release under interscalene brachial plexus anesthesia.23 patients were treated by sodium hyaluronate injection into glenohumeral joint combined with manipulation release.27 patients were treated by hydraulic pressure distension combined with manipulation release.All patients were followed for six months.Effective rate evaluation combined with pain evaluation and functional evaluation were adopted for final evaluation.Results There were significant difference between pre-treatment and post-treatment in each group.Effective rate of hydraulic pressure distension combined with manipulation release was 92.6%,which was superior to manipulation release (78.6% ) and sodium hyahronate injection combined with manipulation release ( 82.6% ).There were no significant difference in functional evaluation of the three groups.Conclusion Hydraulic pressure distension combined with manipulation release under interscalene brachial plexus anesthesia is a successful treatment for idiopathic frozen shoulder.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effects of AO clavicular hook plates in treatment of dislocation of acromioclavicular joint and/or fracture of distal clavicle in comparison with traditional means. Methods A retrospective analysis was done to compare the outcomes and complications between the treatment of dislocation of acromioclavicular joint and/or the fracture of distal clavicle by AO clavicular hook plates and the treatment by conventional devices (e.g. Kirschner’s wire, wire-cerclage, bolt, et al). Results 40 cases were followed up for 12 to 20 months and the average time was 14 months. According to Lazzcano’s criterion, the rate of excellent and fine of the clinical outcomes of the 2 groups was 100%and 78.6%respectively. After statistical Chi-square test, P=0.025. Therapeutic outcomes and complications of the former were obviously better than the latter. Conclusion Since AO clavicular hook plates display advantages of rigid fixation, non-invasion into articular surface, and possibility of early functional exercise in the treatment of acromioclavicular dislocation and fractures of distal clavicle, they are worthy of recommending.

PurposeSpinal cord is one of the most frequently involved sites of multiple sclerosis (MS), which seriously affects the life quality of patients. In this paper, we investigate the application value of voxel-based morphology (VBM) and resting-state magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI) in multiple sclerosis patients with single spinal cord involvement (MS-SSCI).Materials and Methods Three-dimensional T1WI data and RS-fMRI data were acquired from 20 patients with MS-SSCI and 20 normal controls, grey matter volume (GMV), changes of white matter volume (WMV), total intracranial volume (TIV) and local nuclei volume were compared between the two groups using VBM, posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) was regarded as the seed point and the functional connectivity about whole brain was compared between the two groups by using resting-state functional connectivity analysis, the relationships between MS-SSCI structure, function change parameters and expanded disability states scale (EDSS) scores were further explored.Results①Compared with the control group, GMV, WMV, TIV of MS-SSCI group were not significantly reduced, only the volume of some regions (bilateral middle temporal gyrus, left inferior temporal gyrus) showed significant atrophy (P<0.01); MS-SSCI exhibited increased functional connectivity (FC) in the left medial prefrontal cortex, left inferior temporal gyrus, left caudate nucleus and right supplementary motor area (two-sample t test, after AlphaSim correction,P<0.01, voxel size >40).②There was no significant correlation (P>0.05) between MS-SSCI structure change parameters and EDSS; while a significant correlation between EDSS scores and FC was noted in the left inferior temporal gyrus (r=0.633,P<0.05).Conclusion Both structural abnormalities and altered FC with PCC can be detected in MS-SSCI, but only functional parameters are associated with clinical abnormalities, which are more sensitive than microstructural changes.

Purpose To retrospectively analyze and summarize the image features of rare ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC), and to provide basis for clinical diagnosis. Materials and Methods CT and MRI features of 30 cases of OCCC confirmed by pathology were retrospectively analyzed. Sixteen of all the patients underwent pre- and post-contrast CT scan. And 14 patients underwent pre- and post-contrast MRI scans. Results ① CT features: unilateral mass was revealed in 15 cases and bilateral mass was in 1 case. The maximum diameter of the mass ranged from 8 to 23.7 cm, mean (12.86±3.96) cm. One mass was irregular, 4 masses revealed incomplete capsule, and 4 masses had septa in the mass. CT value of cystic part of the mass was 20-30 HU, and which of solid part was 28-53 HU. On post-contrast CT images, the septa and solid component of the mass showed marked enhancement and delay enhancement, while the cystic component showed no enhancement. ② MRI features: Unilateral mass was revealed in 13 cases and bilateral mass was in 1 case. The maximum diameter of the mass ranged from 9.2 to 30.0 cm, mean (14.03±4.72) cm. One mass was irregular, 2 masses revealed incomplete capsule, and 2 masses had septa in the mass. The cystic component showed heterogenous signal intensity on T1WI, and high signal intensity on T2WI. There was no enhancement on post-contrast images. The solid component showed iso-intensity on T1WI, high signal intensity on T2WI, and diffused restricted on diffusion-weighted images. There was markedly enhancement on post-contrast images. ③ Blood supply of the tumor: In 8 cases, the branch of enlarged ipsilateral ovarian artery fed the tumors. In other 16 cases, the masses were surrounded by enlarged ipsilateral ovarian vein. Conclusion The characteristic CT and MRI features of OCCC include: a cystic solid mass with complete capsule; the solid component projects into the cavity, which could be hypervascular and marked enhanced.

Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3) is the causative agent of an extremely contagious and aggressive disease afflicting common corp Cyprinus carpio L. termed koi herpesvirus disease (KHVD). Since it was first reported in 1997, the virus has spread worldwide rapidly, leading to enormous financial losses in industries based on common carp and koi carp. This review summarizes recent advances in CyHV-3 research on the etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention, and control of KHVD.
Animals ; Fish Diseases ; diagnosis ; virology ; Fishes ; classification ; virology ; Herpesviridae ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; physiology ; Herpesviridae Infections ; diagnosis ; veterinary ; virology

AIM: To investigate the affected proteins by tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-? in endothelial cells, and further explore the potential molecular mechanism of TNF-? on endothelial cells. METHODS: Nitric oxide (NO) production in the cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was measured by a NO assay kit. Proteomic alterations were analyzed using two-dimensional electrophoresis, and peptide mass fingerprinting with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. RESULTS: NO production in HUVECs decreased significantly after TNF-? treatement. Proteomics analysis showed 21 protein spots were changed including 9 spots that were increased and 11 spots that were decreased after TNF-? stimulation, and 1 spot was only detected in TNF-? activated cell gels. CONCLUSIONS: The decreased expression of ecNOS by TNF-? might result in decrease in NO production. Up-regulated MAP/ERK kinase 3 expression might imply that TNF-? activates the expression of adhesion molecules. Cytoskeletal protein actin is also involved in TNF-? injuried HUVECs. Proteomic analysis can find some clues for identifying new potential target of TNF-?. [

Though all the marketed drugs of dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors are structurally different, their inherent correlation is worthy of further investigation. Herein we rapidly discovered a novel DPP-IV inhibitor 8g (IC50 = 4.9 nmol.L-1) which exhibits as good activity and selectivity as the market drugs through scaffold hopping and drug splicing strategies based on alogliptin and linagliptin. This study demonstrated that the employment of classic medicinal chemistry strategy to the marketed drugs with specific target is an efficient approach to discover novel bioactive molecules.
Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Drug Design ; Drug Discovery ; methods ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Linagliptin ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure ; Piperidines ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Uracil ; analogs & derivatives ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry