Aim To investigate the protective effects of breviscapine(Bre) on myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis induced by isoproterenol (Iso) in rats and its mechanism. Methods Myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis model of rats were induced by injection of Iso for 7 days(5 mg?kg -1?d -1,sc).From day 2～15,rats were treated with Bre 12.5 and 25 mg?kg -1?d -1 ip,the NS control and Iso model group received saline injection.On day 15,animals were killed by decapitation,monitored in terms of myocardial indexes (heart weight/boday weight, HW/BW and left ventricalar weight/body weight,LVW/BW);the contents of angio- tensin Ⅱ(AngⅡ),nitric oxide(NO) and hydroxyproline and the activity of Na+,K+-ATPase and Ca 2+-ATPase in left ventricle were assayed with radioimmunoassay and spectrophotometry,respectively. Results Compared with the NS control group, the myocardial indexes, the level of AngⅡ and hydroxyproline in left ventricle were markedly increased and NO content, activity of Na+,K+-ATPase and Ca 2+-ATPase in left ventricle were decreased in Iso model group;treatment with Bre 25 mg?kg -1?d -1 significantly reduced the myocardial index and content of AngⅡ and hydroxyproline in left ventricle,increased the NO content ,enhanced the activity of Na+,K+-ATPase and Ca 2+-ATPase.Conclusion Bre can alleviate myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis induced by Iso in rats.

The mature seeds and excised embryos of Dalbergia odorifera were used as materials to study the effect of moisture content on their survival, as well as the effect of rapid freezing and vitrification freezing method on seeds and in vitro embryos cryopreservation. The results showed that the germination rate and vigor decreased from 82.67%, 85% to 18.35%, 25% respectively, when the seed moisture content decreased from 15.04% to 8.14%; and the germination rate decreased from 82.67% to 37.50%, 25.37% respectively by vitrification freezing method and rapid freezing method, when the seed moisture content decreased from 15.04% to 9.37%. Among all the moisture content gradient, 12.35% moisture reached the maximal germination rate, which were 63.58% and 50.45% respectively by vitrification freezing and rapid freezing; and when the embryo moisture content was 26.32%, the germination rate decreased from 95.67% to 58.31% and 33.82% respectively by vitrification freezing and rapid freezing. And when the moisture content was in the range of 14.17% -21.34%, the germination rate was a bit of decrease. The experiment results showed that the optimum conditions of seed cryopreservation were: moisture content 12.35%, vitrification freezing; and the optimum conditions of in vitro embryo cryopreservation were: moisture 15.04%, vitrification freezing. In conclusion, the effects of moisture content on germination rate after cryopreservation in D. odorifera seeds and embryo were significant, and vitrification freezing method is much better than rapid freezing method.
Cryopreservation ; methods ; Dalbergia ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Germination ; Seeds ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Water ; analysis

This study was aimed to establish an identification method between leaflets of Dimocarpus longan and leaflets of Litchi chinensis. The leaflet morphological-venation pattern (LMVP) and quantitative analysis were reliable identification method for Chinese herbs. The results showed that the main differences of leaflets of Dimocarpus lon-gan were the eucamptodromous camptodromous pinnate venation; the secondary veins gradually changed into little near margin and a few brochidodromous; the type of tertiary vein was percurrent or reticulate. The main differences of leaflets of Litchi chinensis were brochidodromous camptodromous pinnate venation; the course of the secondary veins was sinuous or zigzag, and abruptly curved then linked; the type of tertiary vein was reticulate. With three groups of key differences mentioned above, both plants can be successfully identified from each other. The accuracy of identification results (AC) was from 98.1% to 100%. The agreement rate for observation (ARO) was from 98.5% to 100%. And the Kappa value was from 0.97 to 1.00. It was concluded that the established LMVP is simple, rapid, e-conomic and reliable in the identification between leaflets of Dimoc arp us longan and leaflets of its confused herb Litchi chinensis.

Objective The treatment of limb bone fracture in combination with main vessel injury wasanalyzed retrospectively.Methods Twenty ccsese were respectively conducted by interlocking intramedullary pin fixation,plate and screw fixation,plate and screw fixation orextemal brace fixation according to the injury conditions of the fractures.Then,vascahr injaries were flexibly dwelt with direct repair,end-to-end anastomosis or blood vessel grafting.Results The-limb save rate in this study is 70%.and the reaoons which csllsed the amputation included:Long ischemia time and serious tissue damage.Conclusion Fractures of the extremities with major vascular injuries should be diagnosed promptly to be conducted properly.In this way,better outcome would be obtained.

Objective To observe the glucose profile in type 2 diabetic gastroparesis.Methods 31 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes were enrolled into this study for measurement of gastric emptying of solids and continuous glucose monitoring to observe blood glucose 1evels for 72 hours on a balanced diet;the results were compared with 7 subjects with norinal glucose regulation.Results 58.1%of 31 type 2 diabetic patients were found to have delayed gastric emptying of solids.The average glucose level was lower after breakfast[(7.82±1.42)mmol/L vs(9.35±2.28)mmol/L,P<0.01]in the patients with gastroparesis than in those without.Maximal blood glucose level after breakfast[(10.21±2.17)mmol/L vs (12.24±2.82)mmol/L,P<0.01]was lower in the patients with gastroparesis but it reached the peak at a similar time.Two hour AUC was also lower after breakfast in the patients with gastroparesis[(877.62±Post-prandial glucose levelin type 2 diabetic patients with gastroparesis tends to be lower than those without.

Objective To observe the role of chronic inflammation in the development of atherosclerosis (AS) by analyzing the expression of TLR4 and NF-κB in artery endothelium. Methods To construct the atherosclerotic animal model, the balloon catheter was used to injure common carotid artery and rabbits were fed the high cholesterol diet. All the rabbits were divided into three groups: control group with the normal diet, high cholesterol diet-fed group and model group (balloon-injured common carotid artery and the high cholesterol diet fed rabbits). The rabbits were sacrificed after 8 weeks and their tissues were collected. Then morphological changes of rabbit common carotid artery were observed by light microscope. The expression of TLR4 and NF-κB in endarterium was displayed using immunochemistry method. Results Both hyperlipidemia and exterior inflammatory stimulation promoted the expression of TLR4 and NF-κB in vascular endothelium (P ＜ 0.01 ). And when both of them were present, the level of TLR4 and NF-κB expression would get higher even than that affected by one of them( P ＜ 0.01 ). Conclusion Both hyperlipidemia and chronic inflammatory process can improve the expression of TLR4 and NF- κB in vascular endothelium in different degree; the inflammatory stimulation would promote the atherosclerosis to some extent; TLR4/ NF-κB would play a role as a bridge between the internal environment changes and the arterial morphological changes.

Aim To investigate the effects of polyI:C on angiogenesis in mouse prostate carcinoma and its mechanisms.Methods Prostate carcinoma bearing mice were randomly divided into two groups according to tumor volume:contrl group and polyI:C group.After seven times′treatment,the mice were sacrificed.The content of NO in tumor was measured by nitric oxide assay kit.Tumor tissues were partly performed hematoxylin-eosin staining to observe morphological changes and distribution of vasa.Immunohisto chemical staining was used to observe the expression of VEGF,eNOS and AQP1.Results The content of NO in polyI:C group and the control was(1.22?0.77)?mol and(8.73?5.34)?mol respectively,and there was significant difference between two groups(P

Objective To observe the effects of electro-acupuncture ( EA ) on learning, memory and the morphology of hippocampal neural tissues in rats with a model of chronic cerebral ischemia.Methods One hundred and twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats were used. Chronic cerebral ischemia models were successfully established in 104 of them, and those rats were randomly divided into an EA group and a model group with 52 rats each. These were further subdivided into 1,2, 4 and 6 week subgroups with 13 rats in each. The EA group was given EA. The changes in spatial learning and memory ability were observed using a Morris water maze. The morphological changes in hippocampal nerve tissue were observed by HE staining.Results The escape latency in the EA group was significantly different from the model group at the 2nd, 4th and 6th week. The nerve cells in the dentate gyrus were more tightly and consistently lined-up and had rich layers, and the structures in the EA group were better than in the model group.Conclusions EA can improve spatial learning and memory and promote the repair of injury after cerebral ischemia.

Objective To investigate the virological response in hepatitis C virus (HCV)genotype 1b relapsers after 48 weeks of peginterferon/ribavirin (peg-IFN/RBV)combination retreatment,and to explore the predictive value of interleukin (IL )-28B rs12978960 genetic polymorphismon virological response.Methods From 2012 to 2014,genotype 1b chronic hepatitis C (CHC)relapsers in He′nan Provincial People′s Hospital were retreated with combined peg-IFN/RBV for 48 weeks and followed up for 24 weeks off-treatment.Host IL-28B genetic polymorphism was detected.Predictive factors associated with virological response and sustained virological response (SVR)were analyzed.Independent-samples t test was conducted in continuous variables,whileχ2 test or Fisher exact probability test was conducted in counts data.Results A total of 61 patients finished 48 weeks of peg-IFN/RBV combination therapy and were further followed up for 24 weeks off-treatment.Mean age was (46.7 ±12.4)years.Thirty-seven patients (60.7%)were male and 49 were rs12978960 CC genotype.After 48 weeks of retreatment with peg-IFN/RBV and 24 weeks of off-treatment follow-up,40 patients (65 .6%)achieved SVR.Rapid virological response (RVR)and SVR of younger patients were both significantly higher than those of older patients (100.0% vs 67.4% and 85 .0% vs 47.6%,respectively;both P =0.006).IL-28B rs12978960 genotype was predictive to RVR and SVR.Patients with RVR and SVR had higher carriage rates of IL-28B rs12978960 CC genotype compared with those without RVR and SVR (both P <0.05 ).Patients with CC genotype had higher rates of RVR (34.1 % vs 0;χ2 = 10.625 ,P =0.006 ),end-of-treatment virological response (84.1 % vs 70.6%;χ2 =5 .563,P =0.039 )and SVR (77.3% vs 35 .3%;χ2 =9.572,P =0.007)than those with CT/TT genotype.However,there were no statistical differences of extended RVR (34.1 % vs 29.4%;χ2 =0.122,P =0.809)and early virological response (79.5 % vs 82.3%;χ2 =0.612,P =0.964).Conclusions Retreatment with antiviral therapy is necessary in CHC patients with genotype 1b. IL-28B rs12978960 genetic polymorphism is predictive to the SVR of retreatment,especially for patients without RVR,which will provide individualized treatment and optimize the treatment strategy.