Objective To investigate the change of the content of suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS-1) in the liver of septic mice and its working mechanism.Methods Adopted Cecalligation and puncture (CLP) to create models of sepsis and divided randomly adult male BALB/c mice into 8 groups,including normal controlled group,sham-operated group,and the killed groups 2 hours,6 hours,12 hours,24 hours and 48 hours after operation.After extracting the RNA and protein from the liver tissue of the mouse groups,reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was adopted to determine the relative content of SOCS-1 mRNA in the tissue,Western blot was adopted to determine the relative content of protein and the SPSS statistics software was adopted to calculate the correlation.Then observed the pathological change of liver tissues,and detected SOCS-1 protein expression by immunohistochemistry.Results After CLP suergery,the expression of SOCS-1 on gene degree in the liver and the expression of SOCS1 on protein degree in the liver increased rapidly at the 6th hour ( P ＜ 0.05 ),with the former reaching peak ( P ＜ 0.05 ) at the 24th hour and the latter remaining high all the time.There were pathological changes such as fatty degeneration and necrosis in the septic liver tissue,hepatic SOCS-1 protein expression could be detected by immunohistochemistry.Conclusions CLP induced sepsis could lead to the increase of the expression of SOCS1 in the liver.

This study presented our experience in the treatment of testicular torsion, which may help achieve early diagnosis and improve therapeutic effects. A retrospective analysis was conducted in 71 patients with testicular torsion who were treated in our hospital from October 2007 to April 2011. The age of the patients ranged from 16 days to 34 years. All the patients had unilateral testicular torsion, which took place on the left side in 43 cases and on the right side in 28 cases. The course of the disease varied between three hours to 30 days. Post-operative follow-up was conducted until October 2011. Items examined included signs and symptoms at their first clinical visit, ultrasound findings, treatment in emergency surgery, and post-operative follow-up. In this study, the 71 patients were diagnosed with testicular torsion by color Doppler sonography, 7 had testicular fixation, 63 patients received orchiectomy, while 1 patient did not undergo surgery due to pressure from family members. Post-operative follow-up showed that the one patient's testicle, which had been reserved, atrophied, while all the other survived. No recurrence was found during the follow-up visits. It is concluded that an early diagnosis and surgery is important in improving the survival rate of testicular torsion, and the diagnosis and treatment by the first attending clinician is of critical importance.

Polyamidoamine-polyethylene glycol (PAMAM-PEG) copolymers were synthesized using IPDI as coupling reagent by two-step method. The copolymers were characterized by IR spectrum and 1H NMR spectrum, and the PEG conjugating ratios of the copolymers were calculated equal to 10% and 30% separately. MTT assay indicated that after PEGylation a lower cytotoxicity of the copolymers could be found, and with increasing PEG conjugating ratio the cytotoxicity decreased obviously. Agarose gel retardation assay demonstrated that PAMAM-PEG copolymers could be combined with DNA and PAMAM-PEG/DNA complexes were prepared by self-assembly. DLS measurement showed that when N/P > or = 50, the particle size of copolymer/ gene complexes was in a range of 150-200 nm, and the zeta potential was in a range of 10-25 mV. In vitro gene transfection illustrated that when N/P < or = 50, the gene transfection efficiency of PAMAM-PEG copolymers was a little less than that of PAMAM-G5, but the transfection efficiency can be raised by increasing N/P ratio or transfection time. Considering both cytotoxicity and transfection efficiency aspects PAMAM-PEG-13 was more effect than PAMAM-PEG-39 in PEGylation.

Objective To investigate the causes and treatment of familial neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus with hydronephrosis.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted in 6 cases (5 males and 1 female,aged 11 to 53 years) of familial neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus with hydronephrosis treated in our institute from June 2009 to December 2010.All cases had polydipsia and polyuria since their childhood.The daily output of urine ranged from 5,290 to 15,040 ml.The urine specific gravity was less than 1.005.The water deprivation and vasopressin injection test showed positive results,and MRI showed that the shape and size of pituitary gland were in normal range.Ultrasound and IVU showed that all cases had hydronephrosis.Five adult cases were administered with Desmopressin 0.2 mg three times a day,and 1 juvenile patient given half dosage of Desmopressin as in adult.The case No.1 underwent percutaneous nephrostomy and bilateral ureteral reimplantation.Case No.2 received urethral catheterization for 5 days and Tamsulosin.Three cases with urinary tract infection were given antibiotics on the base of urine culture and antibiotic sensitivity test results.Follow-up was undertaken every 3 mon for the duration of 18-36 mon.Results In 6 cases,polydipsia and polyuria were significantly improved after the treatment.Daily urine output dropped to 6000 ml in 5 adult cases and decreased to 2000 ml in the juvenile case.The flank sore of case No.1 was relieved after percutaneous nephrostomy,and hydronephrosis improved 6 mon after bilateral ureteral reimplantation.The residual urine volume of case No.2 was reduced to 40 ml,and no recurrence was observed after anti-infection therapy.During the follow-up,6 cases showed relieved hydronephrosis and no recurrent infection.Conclusions It is of important to reduce the urine volume for the treatment of familial neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus with hydronephrosis.Early diagnosis and treatment of the diseases is crucial for the improvement of renal function.

Objectives To search for the pathogenesis of vaseular endothelial injury and its clinical significance.Methods 36 patients with acute lower respiratory trect infection(ALRI)and 30 healthy controls were envolved. Circulating endothelial cells (CEC)and nitric oxide (NO) levels were tested.Results Circulating nitrite/nitra levels,the stable metabolic products of NO,were found to be significantly higher in the patients with ALRI (44.6?22.6umol/L) than that in the controls (24.5?14.1umoI /L, P

With reference to Xin Diao Sun Zhen Ren Qian Jin Fang,the Xindiao's edition of Bei Ji Qian Jin Yao Fang(Invaluable Prescriptions for Emergencies)which was the popular edition before official block printing of the Northern Song Dynasty),we analyzed the collation for proof-reading method in Song's edition of Bei Ji Qian Jin Yao Fang(Invaluable Prescriptions for Emergencies)printed by Bureau of Correcting Medical Books in Northern Song Dynasty.The results showed that there are many omissions and erroneous annotations in the collation records of the Song's edition,indicating that the judgment of the scholarly value of textual difference and the criteria of selecting and omitting the annotations of textual difference in the Song's edition require further studies.Some of the collation records in the Song's edition were consistent with those of the Xindiao's edition,suggesting that the Xindiao's edition was referenced during the collation by the officials of the Song Dynasty.In compiling Bei Ji Qian Jin Yao Fang,the original edition and the collated edition were not defined by the officials of the Song Dynasty,multiple hand copies in Tang Dynasty were collected for reference,and multiple medical records in Tang Dynasty and before Tang Dynasty were referenced.For the proofreading work of the Bureau for Revising Medical Books was in charge by scholars and Confucian ministers,we proposed that the complexity during compiling the book and the uncertainty of the text should be paid more attention.It is necessary to further clarify the basic issues such as the origin,basic structure,references and citation methods of the Song's edition,so as to provide reference for understanding the characteristics of the edition correctly and making effective use of the literature.

Fournier's gangrene (FG) is an extremely aggressive and rapidly progressive polymicrobial soft tissue infection of the perineum, anal area or genitalial regions with a high mortality rate. The objectives of this study were to share our experience with the management of this serious infectious disease over the last 15 years. This retrospective study examined 24 patients diagnosed as having FG who were admitted to our hospital between March 1996 and December 2011. The gender, age, etiology, predisposing factors, laboratory findings, treatment modality, hospitalization time and spread of gangrene of the subjects were all recorded and analyzed. The results showed that the mean age of the patients was 48.33 years, the male-to-female ratio was 5:1 and the mortality rate was 20.8% (5/24). The most common predisposing factor was diabetes mellitus in 10 patients (41.6%), followed by alcohol abuse, obesity, neoplasms and immunosuppression. The most common etiology was peri-anal and peri-rectal abscesses (45.8%), followed by lesions of urogenital origin (33.3%) and cutaneous (8.3%) origin. No local pathologies could be identified in 3 (12.5%) patients. The most commonly isolated microorganisms were Escherichia coli (62.5%), followed by Enterococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The median admission Fournier's gangrene severity index (FGSI) score for survivors was 5.63±1.89 against 13.6±3.64 for non-survivors which was designed for predicting the disease severity in the series. Early diagnosis and immediate extensive surgical debridement were significant prognostic factors in the management of Fournier gangrene. Individualized reconstructive modalities for wound coverage were useful in that they repaired the tissue defect and improved the quality of life. We are led to conclude that Fournier's gangrene is a severe condition with a high mortality. The Fournier's gangrene severity index (FGSI) score at admission serves as a good predictor for the disease severity. Early diagnosis, surgical debridement and aggressive fluid therapy are significant prognostic factors in the management of Fournier gangrene. Individualized reconstructive surgery modalities for wound coverage are useful to correct the tissue defect and improve the quality of life.

Polyamidoamine-polyethylene glycol (PAMAM-PEG) copolymers were synthesized using IPDI as coupling reagent by two-step method. The copolymers were characterized by IR spectrum and 1H NMR spectrum, and the PEG conjugating ratios of the copolymers were calculated equal to 10% and 30% separately. MTT assay indicated that after PEGylation a lower cytotoxicity of the copolymers could be found, and with increasing PEG conjugating ratio the cytotoxicity decreased obviously. Agarose gel retardation assay demonstrated that PAMAM-PEG copolymers could be combined with DNA and PAMAM-PEG/DNA complexes were prepared by self-assembly. DLS measurement showed that when N/P > or = 50, the particle size of copolymer/ gene complexes was in a range of 150-200 nm, and the zeta potential was in a range of 10-25 mV. In vitro gene transfection illustrated that when N/P < or = 50, the gene transfection efficiency of PAMAM-PEG copolymers was a little less than that of PAMAM-G5, but the transfection efficiency can be raised by increasing N/P ratio or transfection time. Considering both cytotoxicity and transfection efficiency aspects PAMAM-PEG-13 was more effect than PAMAM-PEG-39 in PEGylation.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; DNA ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Dendrimers ; chemical synthesis ; pharmacology ; Gene Transfer Techniques ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Isocyanates ; chemistry ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; Particle Size ; Polyamines ; chemistry ; Polyethylene Glycols ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Transfection

Objective To investigate the value of X-ray guided desmopressin (DDAVP) stimulated bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling (IPSS) in diagnosing the recurrence of ACTH dependent Cushing disease or ineffectiveness after surgery or radiotherapy. Methods Retrospective analyses of patients with recurrent ACTH dependent Cushing disease (31 cases) or ineffective (3 cases) treatment after surgery or radiotherapy from January 2013 to October 2014 in our hospital was conducted. Bilateral inferior petrosal sinus angiography showed the same side of the cavernous sinus to prove successful intubation. The cases with discontinuous of the inferior petrosal sinus and cavernous sinus were excluded by this study. Finally, there were 34 cases of the patients in this study. Diagnosis was based on the ratio of ACTH level in IPS to peripheral vein after desmopressin test.The gradient≥2 at baseline or gradient≥3 after desmopressin test suggested the sources were in the pituitary. Diagnosis was confirmed by gold standard to investigate the value of X-ray guided desmopressin (DDAVP) stimulated bilateral IPSS. Results The IPS gradient≥2 at baseline or gradient≥3 after desmopressin test suggested the sources were in the pituitary in 30 patients. A total of 22 (22/30) patients underwent surgery with a final diagnosis of ACTH adenoma. The symptoms were obviously relieved in 8 (8/30) cases after sellar area gamma knife treatment and lesions were confirmed in the pituitary. IPS gradient<2 at baseline or gradient<3 after desmopressin test was found in 4 cases. One case (1/4) was found to have for ACTH adenoma after pituitary surgery. The other 3 cases (3/4) were confirmed to have lung carcinoid and clinical symptom alleviated after surgery. The sensitivity of desmopressin stimulated IPSS was 96.8%, the specificity was 100%, and the accuracy was 97.1%. Conclusion Desmopressin stimulated IPSS is an effective diagnostic procedure in diagnosing ACTH dependent Cushing disease recurrence or ineffectiveness after surgery or radiotherapy.

This study presented our experience in the treatment of testicular torsion, which may help achieve early diagnosis and improve therapeutic effects. A retrospective analysis was conducted in 71 patients with testicular torsion who were treated in our hospital from October 2007 to April 2011. The age of the patients ranged from 16 days to 34 years. All the patients had unilateral testicular torsion, which took place on the left side in 43 cases and on the right side in 28 cases. The course of the disease varied between three hours to 30 days. Post-operative follow-up was conducted until October 2011. Items examined included signs and symptoms at their first clinical visit, ultrasound findings, treatment in emergency surgery, and post-operative follow-up. In this study, the 71 patients were diagnosed with testicular torsion by color Doppler sonography, 7 had testicular fixation, 63 patients received orchiectomy, while 1 patient did not undergo surgery due to pressure from family members. Post-operative follow-up showed that the one patient's testicle, which had been reserved, atrophied, while all the other survived. No recurrence was found during the follow-up visits. It is concluded that an early diagnosis and surgery is important in improving the survival rate of testicular torsion, and the diagnosis and treatment by the first attending clinician is of critical importance.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Emergency Treatment ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Postoperative Period ; Testis ; surgery ; Young Adult