Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT),which means the transformation of epithelial cells into mesenchymal cells under the influence of cytokines,leading to pathological changes in tissues.According to recent research findings,EMT plays an important role in or-gan fibrosis.Various types of EMT in the fibrosis of hepatobiliary system,as well as the characteristics of each stage and the disease progres-sion,are described,which is of great significance for understanding the development,termination,and even reversion of EMT and fibrosis of hepatic and biliary epithelial cells.

The growth rate of the incidence of Barrett's esophagus ranked the second place among all the malignant esophageal tumors,and Barrett's esophagus is a precursor of esophageal adenocarcinoma.The incidence of Barrett's esophagus is closely related to social economic status.In developed countries,the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma associared with Barrett's esophagus has been increased rapidly.The risk factors for Barrett's esophagus include gastroesophageal reflux disease,white or Hispanic race,male,age,smoking and obesity.The treatment of Barrett's esophagus mainly include drug therapy,endoscopic therapy and surgical treatment.The efficiency of chemoprevention of Barrett's esophagus still needs to be proved by further randomized clinical trials.

Unique totipotency of embryonic stem cell make it great value.Embryonic stem cells have received extensive attention from the discovery,research to application.This paper outlined the discovery of embryonic stem cell and the challenges faced in the progress of the study and research process,focusing on the ethical issues.Meanwhile,this paper analyzed the attitude of various governments,the status of the relevant laws and regulations in order to discuss the prospects of stem cell re

OBJECTIVE:To study the compatible stability of potassium sodium dehydroandrographolide succinate injection in six infusions.METHODS:The changes of potassium sodium dehydroandrographolide succinate injection in appearance,pH value,content and insoluble micrones after mixing with six infusions(0.9% NaCl solution,Compound sodium chloride injection,Glucose saline,DX 40 glucose injection,5% glucose injection in glass or plastic containers)were determined respectively.RESULTS:No significant changes were noted for the mixture within 4 h in appearance,pH value and content.Except the micrones in potassium sodium dehydroandrographolide succinate mixed with compound sodium chloride injection were up to the standard(China Pharmacopeia,2005 edition),the micrones in all the other mixtures failed to meet the standard.CONCLUSION:Potassium sodium dehydroandrographolide succinate injection can be used in combination with compound sodium chloride injection.

Objective To improve the ability of rheumatologist to diagnose systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) complicated with ureterohydronephrosis by analyzing the characteristics of clinical manifestations.Methods Patients with ureterohydronephrosis hospitalized in Peking Union Medical College Hospital between 2000 to 2008 were analyzed retrospectively. The clinical characteristics, serological findings, treatment and prognosis of these patients were reviewed. Comparisons between the groups were performed with X2 test and t-test. Results SLE patient with ureterohydronephrosis accounted for 1.26% of the SLE patients hospitalized in the same period. Twenty-eight patients presented with gastrointestinal symptoms, 14 patients suffered from bladder irritative symptoms. Nineteen patients were with bilateral ureterohydronephrosis, and 8 patients were with unilateral ureterohydronephrosis. Fourteen patients had stype positive ANA, 14 patients had positive antiSSA antibodies. All patients were treated with steroid and immune suppressive therapy, 11 patients were cured, while 3 patients had no improvement. Conclusion Ureterohydronephrosis isn't a very rare complication of SLE. SLE patients with ureterohydronephrosis often present with gastrointestinal symptoms and have high incidence of chronic intestinal pseudo obstruction. High ratio of stype ANA antibody and high positive rate of anti-SSA are most important characteristics in this subtype of SLE patients. The complications can be reversed if the patients are treated early and appropritaely.

Based on X86 architecture,a specialized software system was developed for liver teaching,imaging diagnosis and treatment.With MAYA as 3D modeling tool and DirectX3D as major virtual technology,a virtual liver model was created assisted by artificial intelligence and J2EE network communication.In addition,a virtual reality workstation about liver was established based on advanced modelling technology,human-computer interaction and database system to achieve a three-dimensional visualization of the liver on the virtual reality workstation.This system offers a feasible project for real-time chiri-cal consmlfation and teaching,and provides an extensive application of liver study under virtual condition.

There is great progress in the study of the diagnosis of hyperkinetic disorders in China within the latest ten years, but it is not enough. Three features are referred by reanalyzing 281 articles dating from 1997 to 2004 collected by the CJFD: 1) Several editions of diagnostic criteria and diagnostic methods are simultaneously used; 2) Comparing with the rate of utilization of the new edition, the old editions of diagnostic criteria constitute a small percentage ; 3) Diagnostic criteria and diagnostic tools have some shortcomings. Four recommendations maybe help to solve these problems:1) Make parents and teachers advance their acknowledgement of hyperkinetic disorders; 2) Develop and improve the diagnostic criteria and diagnostic tools through more researches; 3) Use advanced scientific apparatuses more widely; 4) Establish a perfect diagnostic system according to our culture.

By analyzing the present defects in the management of medical consumables which include lagged management model,nonstandard storage names of medical consumables and bad traceability of the implanted medical products,this paper puts forward some corresponding improvement measures,such as changing the management model of medical consumables,standardizing the storage names of medical consumables and establishing information management system for tracing the implanted medical products,so as to realize scientific and appropriate management of medical consumables.

There are some prevailing problems in the management team,such as low competency,lack of innovative ideas,lack of pioneering spirit,and serious brain drain,etc. Therefore our college has taken measures to pay close attention to the development of our management team and has made remarkable achievements with the help of assement.

Objective To observe the changes of chamber angle after phacoemulsification and goniosynechialysis(Phaco-GSL) for primary angle-closure glaucoma(PACG) with cataract,and evaluate the therapeutic effect of Phaco-GSL on PACG.Methods Fifty patients(50 eyes) with PACG and cataract were treated in our hospital,and peripheral anterior synechiae(PAS) of all their affected eyes was over 180 degrees.By single blind method,they were randomly divided into Phaco-GSL treated group(treatment group) and single phacoemulsification group(control group).The chamber angles were checked with gonioscopy 1 and 3 months after operation,and intraocular pressure(IOP) of 50 eyes was examined 1 week,1 and 3 months after operation.Results ①In group A,the rate that chamber angles reopened were over 180 degrees was 100%,and the chamber angles were wide,trabecular meshwork visible in 5 cases(20%),scleral spur visible in 12 cases(48%) and ciliary band visible in 8 cases(32%).In group B,the chamber angles reopened over 180 degrees were in 12 cases(48%) 1 month after operation and PAS reoccurred in 2 affected eyes.The effect of reopening chamber angle in group A was better than that in group B(P180 degrees can be treated by cataract extraction combined with goniosynechialysis,while trabeculectomy is not necessary.