Objective To observe the short-term efficacy and toxicity of HEPP regimen in treatment of refractory Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma. Methods HEPP regimen: HCPT 8 mg/m2 iv gtt d1~ d5, VP16 100 mg/d iv gtt d1~d5, PDD 20 mg/d iv gtt d1~d5, PDN 60 mg/m2 po d1~d14. The chemotherapy was repeated every 4 weeks as a cycle.The clinical effect was evaluated after 2 cycles and toxicity was observed during every cycle. Results 25 patients were eligible for toxicity evaluation and 22 patients for clinical response evaluation. The objective response rate was 60.0 %, including three cases complete remission and ten cases partial remission. Six cases achieved stable disease and three cases progressive disease. The major toxicity was bone marrow suppression, including 24.0 % grade Ⅲ/Ⅳ leukopenia and 12.0 % grade Ⅲ/Ⅳ thrombocytopenia. The incidence of nausea/vomiting, mucositis and hepatic toxicity was low. Conclusion HEPP regimen can achieve a satisfy result in the treatment of refractory Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma. It is low toxic and well tolerated.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of paraplatin used within the cavity for the treatment of malignant serous cavity effusion. Methods Puncturing with catheter of centre vein and permanent catheter, withdrawing proper volume of malignant effusion, 150 ～ 450 mg paraplatin was infused into the serous cavity each time for once or twice a week till the effusion was disappeared or there was no change. Results 76 cases were evaluable for response and toxicity. There were 21 patients with CR, 33 patients with PR and 22 patients with NR. The ORR was 71 %. Among them, the RR in malignant pleural effusion group was 79 %(27/34), 50 %(13/26) in the peritoneal effusion and 87 %(14/16) in the pericardial effusion. Only I ~ II degree bone marrow suppression was observed. Conclusions Paraplatin used within the cavity is more effective and safe for treating malignant serous cavity effusion.

Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Agents ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Arsenicals ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Oxides ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Remission Induction ; Treatment Outcome ; Vomiting ; chemically induced

Objective: To study the hepatitis B infection and immune status of the first-year students in a university and to provide evidence for the hepatitis B prevention in the university. Methods: Subjects were the first-year students in a university; questionnaires were distributed. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was adopted to test HBsAg and anti-HBs in serum. Results: The hepatitis B vaccine inoculation rate was 80.8% among 728 subjects, the inoculation rate of urban students was higher than that of rural students (P<0.005). The HBsAg positive rate was 3.4%, no significant difference was found among students in cities and countryside. The anti-HBs positive rate was 65.2%, the positive rate of urban students was higher than that of rural students (P<0.005). The positive rate of anti-HBs in students with hepatitis B vaccination history was significantly higher than that of students without history of vaccination against hepatitis B. No significant differences were found between male and female students for all the groups. Conclusions By combining the condition of inoculation history of the first-year students in the university and the testresult of HBsAg and anti-HBs, it is necessary to strengthen vaccination against hepatitis B. The prevention of hepatitis B and inoculation of hepatitis B vaccine in the countryside should be strengthened.

Objective: To investigate the toxic effect of HIV-1 Vpr protein on neurons. Methods: HIV-1 vpr gene was amplified by nested PCR in four parts of peripheral spleen (SPL) and central nervous tissue meninges (MG) of HIV-associated dementia (HAD) patients and non-HAD patients. Eukaryotic expression vector pEGFP-N1-vpr was constructed. The gene sequence and key amino acid sites were analyzed by BLAST and MEGA6. The expression of Vpr protein in N2a cells was detected by Western-blotting. The effects of Vpr proteins from different sources on the activity and cell cycle of N2a cells were studied by flow cytometry. Results: HIV-1 vpr gene was successfully amplified by PCR. Sequence analysis showed that the vpr gene sequence belonged to HIV-1B subtype. There were amino acid mutations at C-terminal 84, 86 and 87 sites of central Vpr protein from HAD and non-HAD patients. Vpr protein could inhibit the activity of nerve cells, leading to G2 phase arrest. Different sources of Vpr had different intensity of action. Compared with other groups, Vpr protein from the meninges of HAD patients showed stronger inhibition of cell activity and G2 phase arrest ability. Conclusions Variations in key amino acid sites of Vpr protein could cause significant changes in its biological functions, and its significance in the pathogenesis of HAD remains to be further studied.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of berbamine hydrochloride on sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma cells and the underlying mechanisms. MethodThe sorafenib-resistant cell line SMMC-7721/S was selected by the concentration increment method starting at 1.25 μmol·L^-1 sorafenib. Both SMMC-7721 and SMMC-7721/S cells were treated with 0， 2.5， 5， 10， 15， 20 μmol·L^-1 sorafenib， and the cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） assay was employed to determine the half maximal inhibitory concentration （IC₅₀） and calculate the resistance index （RI）. Western blot was conducted to compare the expression of proteins involved in autophagy and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin （PI3K/Akt/mTOR） signaling pathway between SMMC-7721 and SMMC-7721/S cells. Furthermore， SMMC-7721/S cells were treated with 5 μmol·L^-1 berbamine hydrochloride alone or in combination with 2.5， 5， 10 μmol·L^-1 sorafenib， and the cell growth was assessed by the CCK-8 assay. In addition， SMMC-7721 and SMMC-7721/S cells were treated with 5 μmol·L^-1 berbamine hydrochloride alone or in combination with 5 μmol·L^-1 sorafenib， and the cell proliferation was examined by the colony formation assay. The immunofluorescence assays with Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 （LC3） and LysoTracker as probes were employed to assess the lysosomal acidification in SMMC-7721 cells treated with 5 μmol·L^-1 berbamine hydrochloride or 0.1 μmol·L^-1 autophagy inhibitor bafilomycin A1 （Baf）. Further， the expression of proteins involved in autophagy and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway was determined by Western blot and compared between groups. ResultSorafenib showed the IC₅₀ of 9.56 mol·L^-1 （P<0.01） and 7.99 mol·L^-1 for SMMC-7721/S and SMMC-7721 cells， respectively， at 24 h. The resistance index （RI） of SMMC-7721/S for sorafenib was 1.20 （P<0.01）， which indicated mild resistance. Compared with SMMC-7721 cells， SMMC-7721/S cells exhibited up-regulated expression of p-mTOR， p-Akt， and LC3Ⅱ， down-regulated expression of p62 protein （P<0.01）， and unchanged Akt protein level. CCK-8 and colony formation assays demonstrated that the combination of berbamine hydrochloride and sorafenib exhibited a synergistic effect （Q>1.15）， with berbamine hydrochloride partially reversing the resistance of liver cancer cells to sorafenib. The immunofluorescence detection of LC3 revealed that berbamine hydrochloride and Baf significantly increased LC3 in SMMC-7721 cells. The detection with LysoTracker as the probe showed that berbamine hydrochloride inhibited the acidity of lysosomes in SMMC-7721 cells （P<0.01）， indicating the suppression of autophagy. Berbamine hydrochloride further enhanced the downregulation of p-mTOR and p-Akt protein levels and did not change the Akt protein level in SMMC-7721 cells exposed to sorafenib. Berbamine hydrochloride inhibited the increase in p-mTOR expression， down-regulated the p-Akt protein level， and did not change the total Akt protein level in the SMMC-7721/S cells exposed to sorafenib. ConclusionBerbamine hydrochloride can ameliorate the resistance of liver cancer cells to sorafenib by inhibiting cellular autophagy and the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.

Objective: BG-derived HIV-1 Tat protein from an HIV-associated dementia (HAD) patient was expressed in E. coli BL21(DE3) and purified in order to research the effects on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) activity. Methods: The recombinant plasmid pGEX-KG-tat with HIV-1 tat stored in our laboratory was amplified by PCR. The PCR product was cloned into pET-32a-tat. The recombinant plasmid pET-32a-tat was transfected into E. coli, and Tat protein was expressed in BL21(DE3), which was induced by IPTG. Then it was purified by Ni-chelating chromatography column and gel filtration preloaded column, and identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blot(WB). The concentration was determined by BCA Kit. Different concentrations of Tat were added into HUVECs to detect their effects on cell activity by cck-8. Results: The Tat with high purity was efficiently expressed in BL21 (DE3) and obtained by using the Ni-chelating chromatography column and gel filtration preloaded column. The concentration was 0.47 mg/ml by using BCA Kit. As the concentration of Tat increased, HUVECs activity decreased. There was no significant difference in cells viability between negative control with 100 ng/ml and 200 ng/ml group (P>0.05). There was significant difference in cells viability between negative control with 300 ng/ml, 400 ng/ml, 500 ng/ml and 1000 ng/ml group (P<0.05). But the difference between 300 ng/ml, 400 ng/ml, 500 ng/ml and 1000 ng/ml group was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusions The HIV-1 Tat with biological activity was efficiently expressed in BL21 (DE3), and the activity of HUVECs was significantly decreased when the concentration reached 300 ng/ml.

Objective    To explore the treatment outcome of carotid endarterectomy combined with vertebral artery transposition in patients with severe stenosis to occlusion of the vertebral artery V1 segment and the ipsilateral carotid artery. Methods    From June 2017 to September 2020, patients with severe stenosis to occlusion of the vertebral artery V1 segment and the ipsilateral carotid artery treated with carotid endarterectomy combined with vertebral artery transposition in Fuwai Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Results    Finally 12 patients were enrolled, including 10 males and 2 females with an average age of 67.8±6.0 years. Twelve patients were successfully operated and the follow-up time was 1-3 years. The stenosis degree of the V1 segment of the vertebral artery decreased from 83.5%±11.8% to 24.9%±14.3% (P<0.001). The stenosis degree of carotid artery decreased from 85.6%±11.0% to 0% (P<0.001). Postoperative follow-up showed that the symptoms of symptomatic patients before surgery improved. The 1-year and 3-year patency rates were 100.0%, and there were no peripheral nerve injury complications, perioperative deaths or strokes. Conclusion    Carotid endarterectomy combined with vertebral artery transposition can treat ipsilateral carotid artery  stenosis and vertebral artery stenosis at the same time, improve blood supply to the brain, improve patients' symptoms and has high promotion value.