Using the weight-average molecular weight 50 000 polylactic acid (PLA) as a carrier, and a certain proportion of erythromycin (EM) and prednisone acetate (PNA) to mixed prepare the compound erythromycin sustained release preparation (sustained-release tablets). Using ultraviolet spectrophotometry and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to detect separately the release amount of EM and PNA in vitro medium. The sustained-release tablets release for about 21 days, the average content of EM is 99.7 mg/table, RSD = 0.82%; and the average content of PNA is 10.03 mg/table, RSD = 0.93%. Within 21 days, the cumulative releases of EM and PNA are 86.1% and 78.3%, respectively. The drug release is steady and slow after 5 days, the burst release phenomenon in early stage is more significant. The results showed that the sustained-release tablet preparation method is feasible, the release performance is good and the clinical efficacy is significant.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the compatible stability of Voriconazole for injection after mixed with Fructose injec-tion or Invert sugar injection. METHODS:Referring to package inserts,Voriconazole for injection 200 mg was dissolved with Wa-ter for injection to 20 mL,and then combined with Fructose injection 250 mL and Invert sugar injection 250 mL,respectively. At room temperature,the appearance of mixtures were observed 0,1,2,3,4,5 h after mixing,and pH value and the number of in-soluble particles were determined;the content of voriconazole was determined by HPLC. RESULTS:Under above condition,the appearance and pH value of mixtures had no significant change within 5 h;the number of particles ≥10 μm and ≥25 μm were all in line with the standard of Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 edition);the relative content of voriconazole was decreasing (95.28%-100%),but it changed within ±5%(RSD<2%,n=6). CONCLUSIONS:Voriconazole for injection could keep stable within 5 h after mixed with Fructose injection or Invert sugar injection.

Objective To evaluate the clinical and radiological features of Gorham disease. Methods Clinical and radiological features of Gorham disease were retrospectively analyzed by reviewing the eleven cases from our hospital and the cases reported in the domestic literature in the past fifty years. The diagnoses of all these 11 patients were in accordance with the diagnostic criteria established by Wells and Gray et al. All patients had X?ray plain film, four had CT scan and five had MR examination, with one had additional contrast?enhanced MR examination. Results There were 7 males and 4 females, age ranged from 16 to 66 years with a median age of 32 years. There were six cases involving hand, one involving ulnar and radial bones, one involving acetabulum and three involving jaw bones. The main clinical manifestations were pain, swelling, limited activity, and focal muscular atrophy occurred in 7 cases. On X?ray plain films, the affected bone became thin and the cortexes were not smooth and became coarse in 6 cases. Local lucent area was seen in 5 cases and massive bone absorption was seen in 6 cases. The residual bones showed a tapering appearance in 1 case. Pathological fracture occurred in 1 case. On CT scans, the affected bone became thin and the cortexes became coarse in 4 cases. Local lucent area was seen in 1 case. Massive bone absorption was seen in 3 cases. The adjacent muscular atrophy and widened intermuscular fat space occurred in 2 cases (atrophic bone absorption). On MRI, normal signal intensity of bone marrow disappeared and demonstrated low signal on T1WI and high signal on T2WI. The signal could be homogeneous or heterogeneous. There were widespread strip and patchy high signal areas in the soft tissue around the absorption areas in 4 cases, which resembled the edema?like signal. In 1 case, there was irregular widespread soft tissue mass around the absorption areas with heterogeneous high signal on T2WI. The adjacent muscle showed atrophy, and the intermuscular fat space became wide. There were a total of 92 cases reported cases in the literature including our 11 cases. There were 63 males and 29 females. The onset age ranged from 10 to 40 years in 66/92(72%)cases. The lesion affected one bone in 24 cases, affected two or more bones in 68 cases, out of which 9 cases had single center distribution, 59 cases had multiple centers distribution. Pectoral girdle, pelvis, maxillofacial bones, and hand were the most common sites of involvement in decreasing order. Forty three cases had muscle atrophy and 8 cases had soft tissue mass. Conclusion Gorham disease should be considered when atrophic bone absorption in one bone or continuous bones occurs that does not match clinical symptoms, with soft tissue atrophy but no bone sclerosis or periosteal reaction in the osteolytic areas.

Objective To investigate the status of musculoskeletal articles and musculoskeletal injury articles published in the major journals of radiology in China and compare with abroad during the last decade.Methods Statistic analysis and comparison were done with musculoskeletal injury articles published in the major journals of radiology in China and abroad.The number,category,exam methods,study region and study contents were analyzed respectively.The journals in China included Chinese Journal of Radiology,Journal of Clinical Radiology and Journal of Practical Radiology.The journals at abroad included Radiology,the American Journal of Roentgenology(AJR),the British Journal of Radiology(BJR)and Skeletal Radiology.Results The rate of musculoskeletal articles among the treatise articles was 13.O%(827/6352)in China and 10.4%(900/8659)in three kinds of compressive jonrnals at abroad.The rate of musculoskeletal injury articles in musculoskeletal articles was 21.5%(178/827)in China and 10.8%(97/900)abroad.Among the review articles,the rate was 9.9%(73/741)and 13.7%(10/73)in China.respectively,while that was 4.3%(34/783)and 23.5%(8/34),respectively abroad.Among the case reports,the rate was 17.0%(675/3971)and 3.4%(23/675)in China respectively,while that was 8.8%(177/2019)and 14.7%(26/177),respectively abroad.The rate of exam methods which onlv used X-ray plain film in injury articles was 11.7%(26/222),mainly CT was 42.8%(95/222)and mainly MR was27%(60/222)in China,while that was10.9%(32/295),9.8%(29/295)and 32.5%(96/295),respectively in four kinds of journals at abroad.The combination examination was 16.2%(36/222)in China and 42.0%(124/295)at abroad respectively,The other was 2.3%(5/222)in China and 4.8%(14/295)at abroad.As for the study region,the rate of vertebrate column was 22.5%(50/222).knee joint was 21.1%(47/222),cranial and facial bones was 15.3%(34/222),hip joint was 7.2%(16/222).thoracic region was 6.8%(15/222),foot and ankle was 4.5%(10/222),hand and wrist was 4.1%(9/222),respectively,while that was 14.6%(43/295),14.6%(43/295),1.7%(5/295).6.4%(19/295),3.7%(11/295),12.9%(38/295)and 7.5%(22/295)at abroad,respectively.As for the study contents,the rate of bone was 64.9%(144/222),articular capsule and ligament was 8.6%(19/222),cartilage and osteoepiphysis was 7.7%(17/222),dislocation with or without fracture was 5.8%(13/222),menisci was 5.4%(12/222),combination study was 4.0%(9/222)and the other was 3.6%(8/222),respectively,while that was 62.4%(184/295),24.1%(71/295),4.7%(14/295),0.3%(1/295),2.7%(8/295),2.4%(7/295)and 3.4%(10/295)at abroad,respectively,The number of experimental articles in Chinese Journal of Radiology was 7,while that of Radiology was 29.Conclusion The rate of article on bone and bone injury was lower in all articles.Emphasize should be laid on experimental research and non-bone musculoskeletal injury in china.

Objective:To evaluate the role of Sigma-1 receptor (Sigma-1R) in pentazoxine-induced reduction of oxygen-glucose deprivation and restoration (OGD/R) injury in SH-SY5Y cells and the relationship with endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS).Methods:The well-growing SH-SY5Y cells were divided into 4 groups ( n=6 each) using a random number table method: control group (group C), OGD/R group (group O), OGD/R+ pentazoxin group (group OP) and OGD/R+ pintazoxin+ BD1047 group (group OPB). The cells in group C were normally cultured. In O group, OP group and OPB group, the culture medium was replaced with EBSS medium, and then the cells were cultured in an incubator of 5% CO 2-95% N 2 at 37 ℃ for 4 h, then replaced with DMEM/F12 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum for restoration of O 2-glucose supply for 18 h, and in addition pentazoxin (final concentration 10 μmmol/L) was added during restoration in OP group, and pentazoxin (final concentration 10 μmmol/L) and Sigma-1R blocker BD1047 (final concentration 20 μmol/L) were added during restoration in OPB group. The apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry at the end of restoration, and the expression of Sigma-1R, C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), phosphorylated inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (p-IRE1), spliced X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1s), and activated caspase-3 (c-cas-3) was detected by Western blot. Results:Compared with group C, the apoptosis rate was significantly increased, and the expression of CHOP and p-IRE1 was up-regulated in O group, OP group and OPB group, the expression of XBP1s and c-cas-3 was significantly up-regulated in O group and OPB group ( P<0.05), and no significant change was found in the expression of Sigma-1R, XBP1s and c-cas-3 in OP group ( P>0.05). Compared with O group, the apoptosis rate was significantly decreased, the expression of Sigma-1R was up-regulated, and the expression of CHOP, p-IRE1, XBP1s and c-cas-3 was down-regulated in OP group ( P<0.05). Compared with OP group, the apoptosis rate was significantly increased, the expression of Sigma-1R was down-regulated, and the expression of CHOP, p-IRE1, XBP1s and c-cas-3 was up-regulated in OPB group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Sigma-1R is involved in pentazoxine-induced reduction of OGD/R injury in SH-SY5Y cells, and the mechanism may be related to inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Objective To evaluate the clinical application value of reflectance confocal microscopy(RCM) in the diagnosis of several common diseases manifesting as papules in children, including lichen nitidus, verruca planae, lichen striatus, milium, molluscum contagiosum and lichen pilaris. Methods A total of 579 children clinically characterized by papules were recruited into this study. RCM was used to observe lesions and perilesional normal skin. The RCM features of 6 diseases manifesting as papules were analyzed and compared. Results Based on RCM images, 236 patients were diagnosed with lichen nitidus, 70 with verruca planae, 123 with lichen striatus, 40 with milium, 53 with molluscum contagiosum and 57 with lichen pilaris. All the 6 diseases had typical RCM features. Concretely speaking, RCM images of lichen nitidus lesions showed infiltration of dense inflammatory cells and melanophages in enlarged dermal papillae. In RCM images of verruca planae lesions, cells in the granular and spinous layers were arranged in concentric circles, giving a rose cluster?like appearance. RCM images of lichen striatus lesions revealed focal swelling of stratum spinosum, absent or local liquifaction degeneration of basal cells, and clustering of a moderate number of inflammatory cells in the superficial dermis. In RCM images of milium lesions, well?circumscribed round or oval structures containing highly but nonuniformly refractive materials could be seen in the dermis. RCM images of molluscum contagiosum lesions showed intact cystoid structures containing highly refractive molluscum bodies. Lowly to moderately refractive cutin ? like materials were observed along with the dilation of hair follicle infundibula in RCM images of lichen pilaris lesions. In RCM images, the 6 diseases were distinguished mainly based on structural features(patterns and refractivity)of skin lesions shown by continuous vertical scanning. Conclusion RCM is of great value to the diagnosis of diseases manifesting as papules in children.

Objective To investigate human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes in adult patients with plantar warts,and to explore their relationship with clinical features of adult plantar warts.Methods PCR,gene sequencing and TA-cloning technique were performed to detect HPV types in 221 patients with plantar warts.Meanwhile,clinical data were recorded,including patients' age,disease duration,symptoms and number of warts.Results Of 221 specimens,HPV DNA was detected in 215,with the HPV-positive rate being 97％.Single HPV infections were detected in 206 specimens (96％,206/215),among which,HPV types included HPV-27 (44.7％,92/206),-2 (12.1％,25/206),-57 (7.3％,15/206),-7 (Alpha genus;0.5％,1/206),-65 (Gamma genus;0.5％,1/206),-1 (33.5％,69/206) and-63 (Mu genus;1.5％,3/206).There were no significant differences in age,disease duration,number of warts,incidence of pain and gender among patients with HPV-27,-2 or-57 infections.Compared with patients with HPV-27 infection,patients with HPV-1 infection were more related to age ≤ 30 years,disease duration ≤ 1 year,number of warts ≤ 2 and high incidence of pain.Conclusion HPV-27,-2,-57 and-1 are the main types in adult patients with plantar warts,and HPV types are correlated with clinical features of adult plantar warts.

Objective: To identify the initial chest computed tomography (CT) findings and clinical characteristics associated with the course of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia. Materials and Methods: Baseline CT scans and clinical and laboratory data of 72 patients admitted with COVID-19 pneumonia (39 men, 46.2 ± 15.9 years) were retrospectively analyzed. Baseline CT findings including lobar distribution, presence of ground glass opacities, consolidation, linear opacities, and lung severity score were evaluated. The outcome event was recovery with hospital discharge. The time from symptom onset to discharge or the end of follow-up (for those remained hospitalized) was recorded. Data were censored in events such as death or discharge without recovery. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression was used to explore the association between initial CT, clinical or laboratory findings, and discharge with recovery, whereby hazard ratio (HR) values < 1 indicated a lower rate of discharge at four weeks and longer time until discharge. Results: Thirty-two patients recovered and were discharged during the study period with a median length of admission of 16 days (range, 9 to 25 days), while the rest remained hospitalized at the end of this study (median, 17.5 days; range, 4 to 27 days). None died during the study period. After controlling for age, onset time, lesion characteristics, number of lung lobes affected, and bilateral involvement, the lung severity score on baseline CT (> 4 vs. ≤ 4 [reference]: adjusted HR = 0.41 [95% confidence interval, CI = 0.18–0.92], p = 0.031) and initial lymphocyte count (reduced vs. normal or elevated [reference]: adjusted HR = 0.14 [95% CI = 0.03–0.60], p = 0.008) were two significant independent factors that influenced recovery and discharge. Conclusion Lung severity score > 4 and reduced lymphocyte count at initial evaluation were independently associated with a significantly lower rate of recovery and discharge and extended hospitalization in patients admitted for COVID-19 pneumonia.

Objective To explore the changes of related angles of knee joint in adults in recent 30 years according to the angle value of knee joint compiled by Qi Zhongzheng in 1984,to provide the basis for clinical individualized diagnosis and treatment.Methods 102 healthy volunteers underwent digital X-ray photography of lower limbs.The femoral angle,tibial angle and femoral tibial angle of bilateral knee joints were measured and compared with historical reference value.The correlation between height,weight,BMI and each angle was evaluated.The differences between different sides and different genders were also analyzed.Results There were statistical differences between the mean value and historical mean value of femoral angle,tibial angle and femoral tibial angle (P＜0.001).In female volunteers,the height was weakly correlated with tibial angle and femoral tibial angle (P＜0.05),the weight was weakly correlated with femoral angle (P＜0.01),and the weight was moderately correlated with femoral tibial angle (P＜0.0 1).BMI was weakly correlated with femoral angle or femoral tibial angle (P＜0.05).There were significant differences in femoral angle (right),tibial angle and femoral tibial angle between different genders (P＜ 0.05).Conclusion In the last 30 years,there is a statistical difference between the angle value of the knee joint and the historical reference value.There is also a statistical difference in knee joint angle value between both genders.And in female volunteers,height,weight and BMI show some correlations with the knee joint angle value.However,the cross-sectional survey data of multicenter,large sample size and the whole population are still necessarily needed for further study.

Objective: To explore the diagnostic performance of susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI)in distinguishing benign or malignant soft tissue tumor, and to study pathological observation. Methods: Sixty-eight patients with soft tissue tumor, who received no previous treatment or invasive examination, received routine preoperative MRI examination and SWI scanning. The graduation and distribution of intratumoral susceptibility signal intensity(ITSS) and proportion of tumor volume were observed.The pathological results were also included for comparative analysis. Results: Fourty of 68 patients were benign and 28 were malignant. 72.5% (29/40) patients with benign soft tissue tumors were ITSS grade 1 and ITSS grade 3 (hemangioma). 89.3%(25/28) patients with malignant soft tissue tumors were ITSS grade 2 and ITSS grade 3. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). The distribution of ITSS in patients with benign soft tissue tumors was dominated by peripheral distribution and diffuse distribution (hemangioma), accounting for 90.0% (36/40). The distribution of ITSS in patients with malignant soft tissue tumors mainly distributed in the central region, accounting for 78.6% (22 /28). The difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). The proportion of tumor volume occupied by ITSS in benign soft tissue tumors was <1/3 and> 2/3 (hemangioma), accounting for 90.0% (36/40). The volume of malignant soft tissue tumors were predominantly <1/3 , accounting for 82.1% (23/28). The difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). Conclusion SWI is sensitive in displaying the vein and blood metabolites in soft tissue lesions, which is helpful for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant tumors in soft tissue.