OBJECTIVETo observe the dynamic changes of pulmonary function and inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) doses during subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) with standardized house dust mite vaccine (Alutard) in children with mild to moderate allergic asthma.

METHODSOne hundred children with mild to moderate allergic asthma were randomized into SCIT group and control group for treatment with SCIT plus ICS and with ICS only, respectively. The pulmonary function and ICS doses were evaluated before and every 3 months during the 2 years of treatment.

RESULTSNo significant difference was found in the pulmonary functions between the two groups before the treatment (P>0.05). After 3 months of treatment, FEV1% and PEF% in SCIT group were significantly higher than those in the control group [(103.19∓2.07)% vs (97.52∓1.92)%, and (105.56∓3.21)% vs (96.35∓2.7)%, respectively]; at 21 months, FEF50% and FEF25% were significantly higher in SCIT group than in the control group [(105.69∓3.29)% vs (94.61∓3.12)%, and (106.60∓3.71)% vs (92.92∓3.31)%, respectively]. A significant difference was found in ICS doses between SCIT group and the control group after 9 months of treatment (147.14∓6.41 vs 170∓4.95 µg/day, P<0.05), and the difference increased as the treatment prolonged.

CONCLUSIONSCIT combined with ICS can improve the ventilation function of the large airways early after the commencement of treatment, but its effect on small airways can be delayed. SCIT for 2 years shows a good therapeutic effect and can reduce the doses of ICS in children with mild to moderate allergic asthma.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Allergens ; immunology ; Animals ; Asthma ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; Male ; Pyroglyphidae ; immunology ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Treatment Outcome ; Vaccines ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVE: In order to solve alarm fatigue, the algorithm optimization strategies were researched to reduce false and worthless alarms. METHODS: A four-lead arrhythmia analysis algorithm, a multiparameter fusion analysis algorithm, an intelligent threshold reminder, a refractory period delay technique were proposed and tested with collected 28 679 alarms in multi-center study. RESULTS: The sampling survey indicate that the 80.8% of arrhythmia false alarms were reduced by the four-lead analysis, the 55.9% of arrhythmia and pulse false alarms were reduced by the multi-parameter fusion analysis, the 28.0% and 29.8% of clinical worthless alarms were reduced by the intelligent threshold and refractory period delay techniques respectively. Finally, the total quantity of alarms decreased to 12 724. CONCLUSIONS To increase the dimensionality of parametric analysis and control the alarm limits and delay time are conducive to reduce alarm fatigue in intensive care units.
Alert Fatigue, Health Personnel/prevention & control* ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac/diagnosis* ; Clinical Alarms ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units ; Monitoring, Physiologic

OBJECTIVE: The patient monitors were used to explore the alarm actuality in a ICU and NICU to investigate the awareness and reaction of medical staff to alarms. METHODS: A series of surveys and interviews were taken to acquire clinicians' feelings and attitudes to monitoring alarms. The researchers were scheduled to track the alarms with annotations, and collect the alarm data of patient monitors using central monitoring system. RESULTS: A total of 235 387 and 67 783 alarms occurred in ICU and NICU respectively. The average alarm rate was about 142 alarms/patient-day in ICU and 96 alarms/patient-day in NICU. CONCLUSIONS There remains alarm fatigue in ICU and NICU, the main reason is the large number of false alarms and clinically irrelevant alarms. In addition, patient monitor is still in the level of threshold alarms or combined alarms, the data integrity and intelligence level need to be improved in future.
Clinical Alarms ; Electrocardiography ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal ; Monitoring, Physiologic

Physiological parameters monitoring is essential to direct medical staff to evaluate, diagnose and treat critical patients quantitatively. ECG, blood pressure, SpO2, respiratory rate and body temperature are the basic vital signs of patients in the ICU. The measuring methods are relatively mature at present, and the trend is to be wireless and more accurate and comfortable. Hemodynamics, oxygen metabolism and microcirculation should be taken seriously during the treatment of acute critical patients. The related monitoring technology has made significant progress in recent years, the trend is to reduce the trauma and improve the accuracy and usability. With the development of machine vision and data fusion technology, the identification of patient behavior and deterioration has become hot topics. This review is focused on current parameters monitoring technologies, aims to provide reference for future related research.
Humans ; Intensive Care Units ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; Oxygen Saturation ; Technology ; Vital Signs