OBJECTIVE:To investigate toxic reaction of Compound zedoary turmeric oil cream in experimental rats with long-term consecutive transdermal administration,and to provide reference for safe use of it in the clinic. METHODS:60 SD rats were randomly divided into blank control (cream matrix) group,Compound zedoary turmeric oil cream intact skin and damaged skin low-dose and high-dose(5%,10%)groups,with 12 rats in each group,half male and half female. All of them were given relevant medicine twice a day. 92 d consecutive medication later,general situation of rats were observed,and body weight,blood routine(WBC,RBC,HGB,LYMPH,etc.)and blood biochemical indicators(AST,ALT,PA,etc.)were all detected;systemati-cal observation of organs,organ coefficient calculation and histopathology examination were carried out. RESULTS:There was no statistical significance in those indicators between Compound zedoary turmeric oil cream groups and blank control group (P>0.05),except hemoglobin decreased in intact skin low-dose group,while hemoglobin decreased,LYMPH and PA increased in dam-aged skin high-dose group(P<0.05). Pathology results showed that Compound zedoary turmeric oil cream had no significant toxici-ty for the main organs. CONCLUSIONS:Compound zedoary turmeric oil cream has no long-term toxicity to experimental rats.

Objective:To construct a nursing training content system of acquired swallowing disorders for intensive care unit (ICU) nurses to provide a reference for clinical nurse training.Methods:Based on a literature review and semi-structured interviews, the first draft of a nursing training content system of acquired swallowing disorders for ICU nurses was formulated. 19 experts participated in 2 rounds of expert correspondence from March to May, 2023. The indicators were screened and assigned values by combining the screening criteria and expert opinions. Finally, the nursing training content system of acquired swallowing disorders for ICU nurses was formed.Results:The effective recovery rates of the second-round expert correspondence questionnaires were 100.0%(21/21) and 90.5% (19/21), respectively; the expert authority coefficients were 0.908 and 0.932, respectively; and the expert coordination coefficients were 0.149 and 0.201, respectively (both P<0.01). The final nursing training content system of acquired swallowing disorders for ICU nurses included 8 primary indicators and 37 secondary indicators. Conclusions:The nursing training content system of acquired swallowing disorders for ICU nurses had scientificity and reliability, and could provide reference and guidance for ICU-acquired swallowing disorders nursing training.

Objective To systematically retrieve,evaluate and integrate the best evidence on the prevention and management of aspiration in critically ill adult patients and had it summarised to form the best evidence so as to provide an evidence-based reference for prevention and management of aspiration.Methods Following the"6S"pyramid model,literatures on prevention and management of aspiration in critically ill adult patients published from January 2013 to August 2023,were retrieved from databases of BMJ Best Practice,UpToDate,Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-Based Healthcare Centre in Australia,College of Nurses of Ontario in Canada,International Guideline Network,Guidelines.gov of the United States,National Institute for Health and Care Excellence,Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network,PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,CINAHL,Chinese Clinical Practice Guidelines Library,Medlive,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database,CNKI,Wanfang Data and VIP.The retrieved data included clinical decisions,guidelines,evidence summaries,expert consensus/recommendations,systematic reviews/meta-analyses,and randomised controlled trials regarding the prevention and management of aspiration in critically ill adult patients.Two researchers who were trained in evidence-based nursing independently conducted literature selection,quality assessment,evidence extraction and synthesis.Results A total of 33 articles were included,with 4 clinical decisions,4 guidelines,5 evidence summaries,8 expert consensuses,9 systematic reviews/meta analysis and 3 randomised controlled trials.Eventually,36 points of best evidence were summarised from 9 themes,namely aspiration risk assessment,airway management,oral hygiene management,positioning management,enteral nutrition management,drug management and prevention,diagnosis and treatment of aspiration,prevention of post-extubation aspiration,aspiration training,and team management.Conclusions This evidence summary can provide healthcare workers with evidence-based support for prevention and management of aspiration in ICU,which will make ICU nursing more scientific and standard.

Objective:To construct the training content system of aspiration prevention and management for ICU nurses, in order to improve the ability of ICU nurses in aspiration prevention and management, and provide a basis for nursing managers to carry out aspiration related training.Methods:This study preliminarily developed an item pool for the training content system of aspiration prevention and management through literature search and semi-structured interviews. From May to June 2023, the purposive sampling method was used to select 19 experts from Beijing, Shandong Province, Hubei Province and other places for two rounds of Delphi expert consultations, to determine the training content system for the prevention and management of aspiration among ICU nurses.Results:The effective response rates of the two-rounds of inquiry questionnaires were 95.5% (21/22) and 90.5% (19/21), respectively. The expert authority coefficients were 0.91 and 0.93, and the Kendall's harmony coefficients were 0.121 and 0.148 ( P<0.01). The final determination of the training content system for ICU nurse aspiration prevention and management included 10 primary indicators and 33 secondary indicators. Conclusions:The construction process of the training content system of aspiration prevention and management for ICU nurses is more scientific, reliable and full, which can guide the clinical practice of ICU nurses and provide reference for nursing managers to carry out education and training related to aspiration.