This study assessed the clinical application of transvaginal three-dimensional ultrasound (3D TVUS) in the diagnosis of congenital uterine malformation. A retrospective study was performed on 62 patients with congenital uterine malformation confirmed hysteroscopically and/or laparoscopically. The patients were subjected to transvaginal two-dimensional ultrasound (2D TVUS) and 3D TVUS. The accuracy rate was compared between the two methods. The accuracy rate of 3D TVUS was (98.38%, 61/62), higher than that of 2D TVUS (80.65%, 50/62). 3D TVUS coronal plane imaging could demonstrate the internal shape of the endometrial cavity and the external contour of the uterine fundus. It allowed accurate measurement on the coronary plane, and could three-dimensionally show the image of cervical tube, thereby providing information for the diagnosis of some complex uterine malformation. 3D TVUS imaging can obtain comprehensive information of the uterus malformation, and it is superior to 2D TVUS for the diagnosis of congenital uterine malformations, especially complex uterine anomaly.

This study aims to analyze and compare the effect of cell wall-broken decoction pieces, conventional decoction pieces and conventional powder of Rhodiolae Crenulatae Radix et Rhizoma on the intestinal flora of normal mice. The conventional bacterial culture and PCR-DGGE (polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) were adopted for the mice after the oral administration for 14 days. According to the bacterial culture results, the 1/8 dose cell wall-broken decoction pieces group showed fewer Enterococcus and Escherichia coli bacillus but more Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium than the conventional decoction pieces group and the traditional powder group (P <0.05). Meanwhile, on the basis of the PCR-DGGE results, the 1/8 dose cell wall-broken decoction pieces group revealed the highest Shannon-Wiener index (H) and species richness (S) among the seven groups, with extremely significant differences compared with the normal group (P <0.01), significant differences compared with the conventional decoction pieces group and the conventional powder group (P <0.05) and a high intra-group similarity. In conclusion, the long-term intake of 1/8 dose Rhodiolae Crenulatae Radix et Rhizoma cell wall-broken decoction pieces showed a certain effect in regulating intestinal tract by promoting the growth of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. Furthermore, the intestinal flora community will become more stable.
Animals ; Bifidobacterium ; drug effects ; genetics ; growth & development ; Cell Wall ; Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ; Intestines ; microbiology ; Lactobacillus ; drug effects ; genetics ; growth & development ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Rhizome ; Rhodiola

?AIM:To observe the values and changing rules of angle Kappa in corneal refractive surgery under light and dark conditions.?METHODS:Two hundred and thirty-four eyes of 118 patients for corneal refractive surgery were enrolled for this study.Pupil diameters and angle Kappa values under light and dark conditions were measured by Keratron Scout corneal topography.?RESULTS: There were significant differences in pupil diameters between light and dark conditions (P<0.01). More angle Kappa of both eyes distributed in the superior nasal quadrant under light conditions, and more angle Kappa distributed in the superior temporal quadrant under dark conditions.The differences of horizontal and vertical offsets of angle Kappa under two conditions were statistically significant (P<0.01).?CONCLUSION: The changes of pupil diameters in light and dark conditions could affect angle Kappa and then affect the accuracy of corneal refractive surgery centered on angle Kappa.

This study aimed to investigate antibody levels of the newer human enteroviruses (EV) A71, A90, and B87 in the population of Shandong Province, and provide a scientific basis for the development of prevention and control measures. In this study, serum specimens were collected from 400 individuals living in Yantai city, Shandong Province in 2010. EV-A71, A90, and B87 antibodies were detected using neutralization tests, and the results were analyzed by statistical methods. It was found that the positive neutralizing antibody rates of EV-A71, A90 and B87 in the population were 46.0%, 8.8%, and 47.0%, respectively. Their geometric mean titers (GMT) were 1 : 5.20, 1 : 1.49, and 1 : 4.02, respectively. Positive antibody rates for EV-A71 and EV-B87 were lowest in the 1-yr and 7-mo age groups, respectively. Positive rates increased gradually with age, and become consistent in the population aged >5 years. Positive antibody rates of EV-A90 were consistent across all age groups. Maternal antibody levels of EV-A71 declined rapidly after birth, and the increase in seroprevalence among 3-7 years old children implied that most EV-A71 infections occurred in preschool and early elementary school children. High positive antibody rates of EV-B87 in healthy individuals, especially children, implied that there may be an immune barrier within the general population. The population monitoring of EV-A90 should be strengthened, as its positive antibody rate is low.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Enterovirus A, Human ; classification ; genetics ; immunology ; isolation & purification ; Enterovirus Infections ; blood ; immunology ; virology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Young Adult

BACKGROUNDVasoactive drugs are often necessary for reversing hypotension in patients with severe infection. The standard for evaluating effects of vasoactive drugs should not only be based on the increase of arterial blood pressure, but also on the blood flow perfusion of internal organs. The effects of dopamine and metaraminol on the renal function of the patients with septic shock were investigated retrospectively in this study.

METHODSNinety-eight patients with septic shock were divided into three groups according to the highest infusing rate of metaraminol, with the lightest infusing rate of (0.1 - 0.5, 0.6 - 1.0, > 1.0) microgxkg(-1)xmin(-1) in group A, B and C respectively. Urine output, mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), urine output, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CRE), urine albumin (U-ALB), urine beta(2)-microglubulin (Ubeta(2)-MG) and Apache III scores were recorded.

RESULTSBefore antishock therapy, hypotension, tachycardia and oliguria occurred to all the 98 patients with septic shock and CRE, BUN, U-ALB, Ubeta(2)-MG and Apache III scoring were abnormal in most cases. With the antishock therapy, MAP, HR, urine output, BUN and CRE in all patients returned gradually to normal (P < 0.05 or < 0.01 compared to those before antishock therapy). U-ALB, Ubeta(2)-MG output and Apache III scoring also reverted but remained abnormal (P < 0.01 compared to those before antishock therapy). No statistically significant differences in the changes of these indices with the time existed among the three groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONDopamine and metaraminol when applied to the patients with septic shock could effectively maintain the circulatory stability and promote restoration of renal function.

APACHE ; Adult ; Blood Pressure ; drug effects ; Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Dopamine ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Heart Rate ; drug effects ; Humans ; Kidney ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Kidney Function Tests ; Male ; Metaraminol ; therapeutic use ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Shock, Septic ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Vasoconstrictor Agents ; therapeutic use ; beta 2-Microglobulin ; urine

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of dopamine and norepinephrine on the renal function in the patients with septic shock.

METHODSEighty-seven patients with septic shock were divided into three groups (group A, B, C) according to the biggest infusing rate of norepinephrine, with the infusing rate of 0.5 - 0.9, 1.0 - 1.5, 1.6 - 2.0 microg x kg(-1) x min(-1), respectively. Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), urine output, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CRE), urine albumin (U-ALB) and urine beta(2)-microglobulin (Ubeta(2)-MG) as well as APACHE III score in all the patients were detected.

RESULTSBefore anti-shock therapy was given, hypotension, tachycardia and oliguria occurred in all the 87 patients, and CRE, BUN, U-ALB, Ubeta(2)-MG and APACHE III score were abnormal in most cases. With the anti-shock therapy, MAP, HR, urine output and BUN, CRE in all patients returned to normal levels gradually, and U-ALB, Ubeta(2)-MG levels and APACHE III score also restored but still remained abnormal.

CONCLUSIONSThe first aim of treating septic shock should be restoring the organ blood supply, and based on volume resuscitation, dopamine, noradrenaline and other vasoactive drugs could be combined to maintain circulatory stability.

APACHE ; Adult ; Aged ; Blood Transfusion ; Cardiotonic Agents ; administration & dosage ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Dopamine ; administration & dosage ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Norepinephrine ; administration & dosage ; Retrospective Studies ; Shock, Septic ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Vasoconstrictor Agents ; administration & dosage

OBJECTIVE To explore the inhibitory effects of epalrestat (EPS) on platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells proliferation by inhibiting aldose reductase (AR) expression.METHODS Primary rat pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) were prepared from the pulmonary artery of male 10-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats using explant method.PDGF 30 mg·L-1was given to induce cell proliferation.After PASMCs grew to 70%-80% conflu?ence, AR small-interferring RNA(ARsiRNA) was transfected with Lipofectamine 3000 into PASMCs. After 24 h,the expression and activity of AR were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR),Western blotting and spectrophotometric method,respectively to investigate EPS on PASMCs proliferation and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and collagenⅠexpression induced by PDGF from in vitro. PASMCs (normal control, PDGF 30 mg·L-1, PDGF+EPS 1, 10 and 100 μmol·L-1,EPS 100 μmol·L-1)were treated according to groups.Cell proliferation was measured by BrdU marking and flow cytometry. The expressions of AR, PCNA and collagenⅠwere analyzed with RT-qPCR and Western blotting.RESULTS In cultured PASMCs,compared with normal control group, the application of exogenous PDGF-induced cell proliferation concomitantly up-regulated AR expres?sion and activity (P<0.01), and such effect was abolished by ARsiRNA. Compared with PDGF group, EPS attenuated PDGF-induced proliferation of PASMCs,expression of PCNA,and collagenⅠ(P<0.05, P<0.01),and the inhibitory effect of EPS was accompanied by inhibition of AR expression(P<0.05,P<0.01).CONCLUSION EPS inhibits PDGF-induced proliferation of PASMCs via inhibiting AR expression.

OBJECTIVETo study the expression of eIF4E, p-eIF4E (Ser 209) and Mcl-1 gene in the pathological scars and to investigate its role and its probable mechanism in the pathogenesis of abnormal scar.

METHODSQuantitative real-time PCR and Western Blot was performed to detect the expression and distribution of mRNA and protein of eIF4E and Mcl-1 in hypertrophic scar (10 cases), keloid (10 cases), normal scar (10 cases), and normal skin (10 cases). Western Blot was performed to detect the expression and distribution of protein of p-eIF4E in hypertrophic scar (10 cases), keloid (10 cases), normal scar (10 cases), and normal skin (10 cases).

RESULTSThe expression of eIF4E mRNA and protein were 1.38 +/- 0.45, 1.23 +/- 0.23 in the normal skin (10 cases); 5.400 +/- 0.450, 5.460 +/- 0.460 in normal scar (10 cases); 0.597 +/- 0.060, 0.590 +/- 0.040 in hypertrophic scar (10 cases) and 0.694 +/- 0.066, 0.697 +/- 0.022 in keloid (10 cases). The expression of p-eIF4E protein in the normal skin (10 cases), normal scar (10 cases), hypertrophic scar (10 cases), and keloid (10 cases) were 0.202 +/- 0.037, 0.216 +/- 0.019, 0.426 +/- 0.026, 0.433 +/- 0.027. The expression of Mcl-1 mRNA and protein were 1.510 +/- 0.660, 1.400 +/- 0.530 in the normal skin (10 cases); 6.65 +/- 0.85, 7.23 +/- 1.53 in normal scar (10 cases); 0.589 +/- 0.059, 0.660 +/- 0.063 in hypertrophic scar (10 cases) and 0.870 +/- 0.118, 0.914 +/- 0.064 in the keloid (10 cases). The positive rate of mRNA and protein of eIF4E and Mcl-1 was not statistically different between the hypertrophic scar and keloid (P > 0.05), while they were all remarkably significant between normal scar and abnormal scar (P < 0.05). The phosphorylation of eIF4E in pathological scar was higher than that in control group. In pathological scar, mRNA and protein of eIF4E and Mcl-1 showed a strong positive correlation.

CONCLUSIONSThe result indicates that the expression of eIF4E, p-eIF4E and Mcl-1 is increased in pathological scar. eIF4E plays an important role in pathological scar. Its activity is regulated by its phosphorylation. Therefore, eIF4E, p-eIF4E and Mcl-1 overexpression may play an important role in the proliferation of fibroblasts and in the pathogenesis of pathological scar.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Cicatrix ; metabolism ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4E ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Keloid ; metabolism ; Male ; Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein ; genetics ; metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Young Adult

To analyze the genetic characteristics of echovirus 6 (E6) isolated from meningitis and encephalitis cases in Shandong Province, China, we collected cerebrospinal fluid samples from meningitis and encephalitis cases in Shandong Province from 2007 to 2012 for virus isolation. Viral RNAs were extracted from positive isolates, and complete VP1 coding regions were amplified by RT-PCR and sequenced. Homology comparison and phylogenetic analysis were performed. Six isolates were identified as E6 by microneutralization assay and molecular typing. The homology analysis showed that the six isolates had 78. 6%-99. 8% nucleotide and 95. 5%-100. 0% amino acid identities with each other, as well as 76. 9%-78. 4% nucleotide and 92. 3%-95. 1% amino acid identities with the prototype strain (D' Amori). The phylogenetic analysis based on the integrated VP1 sequences indicated that all Shandong E6 isolates could be separated into four clusters, designated as A, B, C, and D. The six E6 isolates belonged to clusters A, B, and D. Our study reveals high genetic differences between Shandong E6 isolates and suggests different transmission lineages of E6 co-circulated in Shandong Province.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Echovirus 6, Human ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Encephalitis ; epidemiology ; virology ; Female ; Genetic Variation ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Meningitis ; epidemiology ; virology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Sequence Alignment ; Viral Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics

Desmoplakin (DSP), encoded by the DSP gene, is the main desmosome component and is abundant in the myocardial tissue. There are three DSP isoforms that assume the role of supporting structural stability through intercellular adhesion. It has been found that DSP regulates the transcription of adipogenic and fibrogenic genes, and maintains appropriate electrical conductivity by regulating gap junctions and ion channels. DSP is essential for normal myocardial development and the maintenance of its structural functions. Studies have suggested that DSP gene mutations are associated with a variety of hereditary cardiomyopathy, such as arrhythmia cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), left ventricular noncompaction, and is also closely associated with the Carvajal syndrome, Naxos disease, and erythro-keratodermia-cardiomyopathy syndrome with skin and heart damage. The structure and function of DSP, as well as the clinical manifestations of DSP-related cardiomyopathy were reviewed in this article.
Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia ; Cardiomyopathies/genetics* ; Desmoplakins/genetics* ; Hair Diseases ; Humans ; Keratoderma, Palmoplantar