Humans ; Hyoid Bone ; surgery ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; surgery

Adolescent ; Adult ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mental Disorders ; complications ; surgery ; Nose Diseases ; complications ; surgery ; Young Adult

Complex genetic variation has been known to occur during the transmission of human enterovirus (HEV), and the HEV virulence and pathogenicity enhanced by genetic recombination also pose a serious threat to human health. In recent years, the interest in recombination mechanism of genetic plasticity has been renewed with the emergence of pathogenic recombinant circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses, which were implicated in poliomyelitis outbreaks in several regions of the world with insufficient vaccination coverage. This paper reviews recent research progress in HEV genome, including evolutionary characteristics, recombination types, and in vitro recombinant construction.
Animals ; Biomedical Research ; trends ; Enterovirus ; classification ; genetics ; Enterovirus Infections ; virology ; Humans ; Recombination, Genetic ; Viral Proteins ; genetics

Objective To investigate the effect of curcumin (Cur)on AngⅡ-induced proliferation and oxidative stress of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs).Methods Primary rat VSMCs were cultured and divided into control group,AngⅡ group,AngⅡ+Cur 5μmol/L group,AngⅡ+Cur 10μmol/L group,AngⅡ+Cur 20μmol/L group,and Cur 20μmol/L group.The proliferation of AngⅡ-induced VSMCs was measured by MTT assay.The mRNA and protein expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)and p47phox were detected by real-time PCR and Western blot.Nitric oxide (NO)production was measured by Griess reaction.Production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS)was measured by DCFH-DA staining,and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD)and glutathione peroxidase (Gpx)were detected by xanthine oxidase assay and visible spectrophotometer. small interfering RNA (siRNA)was used to silence the expression of p47phox to further explore the mechanism for Cur inhibiting the proliferation of AngⅡ-induced VSMCs and oxidative stress.Results VSMCs activities were not significantly affected by Cur at the concentration between 0 and 80μmol/L.Cur (5,10 and 20μmol/L)significantly inhibited AngⅡ-induced proliferation of VSMCs.Cur had an inhibitory effect on the overexpression of NO,iNOS, p47phox and ROS in VSMCs and upregulated the activities of SOD and Gpx in a concentration-dependent manner. AngⅡ-induced ROS production in VSMCs was significantly attenuated by pretreatment with p47phox specific siRNA.Conclusion Cur can inhibit the proliferation and oxidative stress of AngⅡ-induced VSMCs.

Objective:To explore the effects of laser irradiation parameters (irradiation frequency and single duration) on tear secretion, lens and retina.Methods:Thirty-six healthy guinea pigs were randomly divided into 6 groups with random number table method according to different frequency and single exposure duration of laser to the eye, namely, high frequency short time (HFST) group, high frequency long time (HFLT) group, medium frequency short time (MFST) group, medium frequency long time (MFLT) group, low frequency short time (LFST) group and low frequency long time (LFLT) group, 6 for each group.The right eyes were irradiated with 500 lx laser as experimental eyes, and the left eyes of the guinea pigs served as the control eyes.The high, medium and low irradiation frequencies were defined as 15 times, 10 times and 5 times, respectively, and the short and long period was defined as 30 seconds and 60 seconds each time, respectively.The right eyes were irradiated based on the grouping at a 10-minute interval.The tear secretion was detected by SchirmerⅠtest; lens opacity was assessed under the slit-lamp microscope; fundus photography was performed to evaluate the general morphology of retina; retinal function was evaluated by electroretinogram (ERG) record and the thickness of retinal outer nuclear layer was measured by histopathology examination.This study protocol was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Air Force Military Medical University (No.20181203), and the use and care of the experimental animals complied with the ARVO statement.Results:The tear secretion was 8.00(7.37, 9.00), 8.75(8.25, 9.00), 8.50(7.75, 9.50), 9.00(8.50, 9.50), 8.00(7.37, 8.75) and 8.25(7.75, 8.75) mm/5 min in the HFST group, HFLT group, MFST group, MFLT group, LFST group and LFLT group, respectively, without significant difference among the groups(χ 2=5.502, P=0.240); after laser irradiation, there were no statistically significant differences in tear secretion between the control eyes and laser-irradiated eyes in all the groups (all at P>0.05). The lenses were clear and the fundus was normal through the experimental duration in all the groups.The amplitude of ERG a-wave was significantly reduced in the HFST group in comparison with the LFST group (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in the b-wave amplitude among the six groups (F=1.358, P=0.268). The ERG a-, b-wave amplitudes were not significantly different between the control eyes and laser-irradiated eyes in various groups (both at P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the thickness of the outer nuclear layer of retina among the HFST group, HFLT group, MFST group, MFLT group, LFST group and LFLT group (F=0.952, P=0.463). Conclusions:The 500 lx laser irradiation is safe to ocular surface and lens, but there are some injuries to retinal function, and the injury degree is related to laser irradiation frequency.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of flow cytometry (FCM) assay in following up of the minimal residual disease (MRD) used for predicting relapse and guiding chemotherapy. Methods The clinical data of 43 acute leukemia patients diagnosed by MIC were collected in our hospital from 2005 July to 2008 June.Bone marrow aspirates were collected from 43 patients with newly diagnosed acute leukemia after induction therapy and during constimulation therapy. The cells with leukemia associated with immunophenotype were investigated using FCM, as immunologic target of MRD. Results MRD were detected earlier in predicting the relapse than those of the traditional bone marrow cells morphology assay by an average of 4-6 months. The results of the MRD following up: MRD was negative at CR in 26 cases, 6 cases relapse, 20 cases of them were kept negative during following up. MRD was positive in 17 cases at CR, 9 cases of them were relapse. 4 cases after intensified chemotherapy the MRD became negative and kept egative for more than one year. The MRD of the 43 cases at CR were divided into 3 groups, MRD less than 1×10-4 group (A group) MRD between 5×10-3 and 1×10-4 group (B group) and MRD above 5×10-3 group(C group). By chi square test. There was no statistical significance between A group and B group, but there was tatistical significance between B group and C group (P=0.02). Conclusion The application of FCM in detecting MRD has important clinical significance in predicting relapse and guiding chemotherapy.

Objective To conduct mutation screening of SCN1A 3′ untranslated region (UTR) on Dravet syndrome (DS) patients without mutations in the SCN1A coding region and promoter region, and functional analysis of the variant from DS patients.Methods Twenty-eight DS patients without mutations in the SCN1A coding region and promoter region were screened for SCN1A 3′ UTR mutations using PCR and direct sequencing.Functional analysis of the detected mutation was done via luciferase assay, mRNA stability analysis and RNA electrophoretic mobility shift assay (RNA-EMSA).Results A novo variant (c.*20A>G) in SCN1A 3′ UTR was found in one DS patient.The variant (c.*20A>G) reduced the luciferase gene xpression by 30% through increasing the affinity of pluripotent embryonal carcinoma cell line NT2/cytoplasmic protein binding and reducing luciferase gene mRNA stability (t=8.5,P<0.01).Conclusions A functional variant was detected from one patient with DS.This variant negatively regulated the gene expression by increasing the affinity of pluripotent embryonal carcinoma cell line NT2/cytoplasmic protein binding and reducing mRNA stability.

OBJECTIVETo generate a gene delivery plasmid carrying the dominant negative form of the protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit a (DN-PP2Aca) driven by a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissue-specific promoter and investigate its ability to inhibit growth of cultured hepatoma cells.

METHODSThe gene delivery plasmid was constructed by PCR-amplifying DN-PP2Aca from wild-type PP2Aca using site-directed mutagenesis and then ligating the sequence-verified amplicon downstream of an alpha-fetoprotein enhancer and phosphoglycerate kinase promoter (AFpg) in the luciferase reporter vector pGL3-Basic. Following transfection into two AFP+ hepatoma cell lines (HepG2 and HepG3) and two AFP- hepatoma cell lines (SK-HEP-1 and L02), the transcriptional activity of the AFpg-driven DN-PP2Aca plasmid was tested using luciferase reporter gene assay and western blotting. The effect on cell growth was tested using MTT assay. Between group differences were assessed by t-test.

RESULTSThe AFpg-driven DN-PP2Aca plasmid showed high transcriptional activity and protein expression in both HepG2 and Hep3B cells. At 72 h after transfection, the proliferation capacities were repressed by 42.65%+/-3.99% (P = 0.0002) and 39.87%+/-3.91% (P = 0.0002) in AFP+ HepG2 and Hep3B cells, respectively (vs. untransfected). In contrast, the plasmid was transcriptionally inactive in and had no effect on proliferation of AFP- cells.

CONCLUSIONThe AFpg-driven DN-PP2Aca plasmid exhibits selective cytotoxicity against AFP+ hepatoma cells, and may represent a useful gene therapy strategy to treat HCC.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; genetics ; metabolism ; Enhancer Elements, Genetic ; Genetic Therapy ; Genetic Vectors ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mutation ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Protein Phosphatase 2 ; genetics ; alpha-Fetoproteins ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo evaluate erectile function in men with renal failure before and after kidney transplantation and the effects of different methods of renal arterial anastomosis.

METHODSFifty-five married males, aged 22-50 years, who had received kidney transplantation at least one year before and whose serum creatinine was under 200 micromol/L , were selected in the study. The end-to-end revascularization to the internal iliac artery was accomplished in 39 of them, and the end-to-side revascularization to the external iliac artery was conducted in 16. Their erectile function was investigated according to the International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) before kidney transplantation and 3, 6 and 9 months after it. The effects of different methods of renal arterial anastomosis were evaluated and hypophyseal hormones determined in 25 of them.

RESULTSIIEF-5 was higher in the patients 3, 6 and 9 months after transplantation than before it (P < 0.05) and 6 and 9 months after transplantation than 3 months after it (P < 0.05) , so was it in the patients with less than 12 months hemodialysis than those with over 12 months (P < 0.05) and in the patients with end-to-side revascularization to the external iliac artery than those with end-to-end revascularization to the internal iliac artery (P < 0.05). The differences between the level of hypophyseal hormones and that of sex hormones before transplantation were significant (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONErectile function and the level of hypophyseal hormones were improved after kidney transplantation, and the patients who received end-to-side revascularization to the external iliac artery experienced better erectile function recovery than those who underwent end-to-end revascularization to the internal iliac artery.

Adult ; Anastomosis, Surgical ; methods ; Erectile Dysfunction ; etiology ; Humans ; Kidney Transplantation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Penile Erection ; Pituitary Hormones ; metabolism ; Renal Artery ; surgery ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVEExperiences and lessons of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP ) perioperative management, especially causes of postoperative tracheotomy, were analyzed, and related strategy was raised to have a better perioperative management and to avoid tracheotomy.

METHODSTwo hundred and fifty eight cases of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndromes (OSAHS) diagnosed with polysomnography (PSG) were treated with modified uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP). The perioperative management was summarized. Patients were divided into two groups according to the perioperative management: without or with perioperative comprehensive management. In group A, there were 32 patients, without comprehensive management, and in group B there were 226 cases with comprehensive management. Sixty eight cases in group B whose apnea hypopnea index over 50 times per hour and the lowest arterial oxygen saturation was less than 0.5 were treated with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for 1 to 3 weeks. For all the 258 cases, perioperative management includes treatment of medical complications, treatment with antibiotics 2 or 3 days before the operation. None of these cases had tracheotomy before surgery.

RESULTSIn group A, three of 32 patients had postoperative tracheotomy, two because of bleeding, and another one because of laryngeal spasm. In group B, none of 226 patients underwent tracheotomy, which owing to modified operative apparatus and effective perioperative and postoperative treatment (chi2 = 21.35, P < 0.001). In group A, 5 of 32 patients had oral pharynx bleeding after 24 hours of the operation. While 26 of 226 patients in group B did so (chi2 = 0.15, P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONComprehensive perioperative management can effectively lower down the complication rate for patients receiving uvulopalatopharyngoplasty.

Adult ; Cleft Palate ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures ; adverse effects ; Palate ; surgery ; Pharynx ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; surgery ; Tracheotomy ; adverse effects ; Treatment Outcome ; Uvula ; surgery