Objective To investigate the expressions of Transforming Growth Factorβ2 (TGF-β2) and Smad3 in human gliomas associated with pathologic grading. Methods The expressions of TGFβ2 and Smad3 protein were detected with SP immunhistochemistry in 80 human glioma specimens. The Kapan-Meier survival curves of progression-free survival time and overall survival time in different expression levels was compared with log-rank. Results The expression of TGFβ2 and Smad3 correlated with the pathological grading (r=0.545, r=0.570, P<0.01). Both progression-free survival time and overall survival time were significantly different between low expression group and high expression group (P<0.05). Conclusion Both TGF-β2 and Smad3 correlate well with the occurrence and differentiation of human gliomas,which help for the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis judgment．

BACKGROUNDRoutine anteroposterior radiographs of the acromioclavicular (AC) joint with or without weight bearing have limitations in demonstrating the AC joint. Transarticular fixation with Kirschner wire is a treatment choice for AC dislocations. However, percutaneous fixation of the AC joint is technically demanding. The C-arm fluoroscopy can be used as routine intraoperative guidance to facilitate this procedure. The current study aims to introduce new projections, the axial and tangential views of AC joint, to help evaluate the severity of the injury and facilitate the percutaneous procedure.

METHODSThree shoulder specimens were used to find the projection directions of the axial and tangential views of the AC joint by using the digital radiography (DR) unit. The axial and tangential views were taken of 20 adult volunteers by referencing the projection directions determined in the shoulder specimens. The angles showed on the DR system and the angles between the coronal plane of the body and the vertical plane of the flat panel detector (FPD) during taking these radiographs were recorded. The C-arm fluoroscopy unit was used to take the axial and tangential views referencing the angles measured on the DR system. Routine anteroposterior radiographs of the AC joint were taken on the volunteers. The minimal distances from the distal clavicle to the acromion were measured on both tangential and anteroposterior radiographs. The data was statistically analyzed.

RESULTSThe clear axial and tangential radiographs of AC joints of the volunteers were obtained using both DR and C-arm fluoroscopy units. The angles demonstrated on the DR window are (20.8 ± 2.4)° for male and (18.3 ± 2.3)° for female. During taking the axial views, the angles between the coronal plane of the body and vertical plane of FPD are (23.3 ± 3.2)° for male and (20.1 ± 2.4)° for female. During taking tangential views, the corresponding angles are (117.5 ± 3.7)° for male and (113.1 ± 3.3)° for female. On the tangential radiographs, the minimal distance from the distal clavicle to the acromion is (6.1 ± 1.2) mm, wider than the same measurement on the anteroposterior radiographs (P < 0.05). Statistical analyses showed no significant differences in the above-mentioned angles and the minimal distances between the left and right AC joints (P > 0.05). There were no significant differences in the above-mentioned angles between DR and C-arm fluoroscopy units (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe axial and tangential radiographs of the AC joint can demonstrate the joint clearly and they can be easily obtained with both DR system and C-arm fluoroscopy unit in similar projection directions.

Acromioclavicular Joint ; diagnostic imaging ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiographic Image Enhancement

The aim of this study was to evaluate the homing capabilities of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) derived from human placenta tissues (PT). Single cell suspension of human PT was prepared by mechanical method. The expression levels of homing-related adhesion molecules (HRAM) including CD11a, CD49d, CD44, CD49e, CD62L and CD54 on CD34(+) cells and the percentages of CD34(+) cells and their subpopulations in nucleated cells (NC) from fresh human PT, umbilical cord arterial blood (UCAB) and umbilical cord venous blood (UCVB) were detected by using flow cytometry. The results showed that the percentage of CD34(+) cells and CD34(+)CD38(-) cells in placenta were higher than those in UCAB and UCVB. There were no significant difference in percentage of HSPC between UCAB and UCVB. Placenta-derived CD34(+) cells strongly expressed CD11a, CD49d, CD44, CD49e and CD54, among which expression levels of CD49e and CD54 on placenta-derived CD34(+) cells were significantly higher than those on UCAB and UCVB-derived CD34(+) cells. While the percentage of CD34(+)CD62L(+) cells in placenta was only lower than that in UCVB. It is concluded that human placenta is rich in HSPC. Moreover, the expression levels of most HRAM in CD34(+) cells from PT are higher than those from UCAB and UCVB or are close to them. It suggested that HSPCs derived from PT might have stronger homing capabilities than those from UCB.
Antigens, CD34 ; biosynthesis ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; biosynthesis ; Fetal Blood ; cytology ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; metabolism ; Humans ; Hyaluronan Receptors ; biosynthesis ; Integrin alpha5 ; biosynthesis ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; biosynthesis ; Placenta ; cytology

OBJECTIVETo observe effects of Fengbaisan (, FBS) on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in lung tissue of rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and to investigate the preventive and therapeutic mechanisms of FBS.

METHODSThe COPD rat model was established by cigarette smoke exposure and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) intra-tracheal dripping. The histopathological changes of lung tissue was observed via hematoxylin/eosin staining. The expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in lung tissue was measured by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSThe typical histopathological changes of COPD were displayed in the model group, Ambroxol Hydrochloride group and FBS group, and the pathological lesions in the FBS group were less than those in the model group. The expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in the model group increased significantly compared with those in the normal group (P<0.05). After treatment for successive 28 days, the expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in the FBS group decreased remarkably as compared with the model group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSFBS can regulate MMP-9/TIMP-1 imbalance to prevent airway and lung parenchyma remodeling process via reducing the expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in the lung tissue of COPD rats, and this may be a possible therapeutic mechanism of FBS on COPD.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ; drug effects ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lung ; drug effects ; enzymology ; pathology ; Male ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; drug therapy ; enzymology ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 ; genetics ; metabolism

Promoting the construction of healthy enterprises in the China's coal industry will help coal enterprises to fulfill their ， ， legal and social responsibilities contribute to the construction of healthy cities and protect the health of occupational ， ， individuals from various aspects. In recent years the patriotic health campaign the health promotion project of industrial and ， ， ， mining enterprises the construction of standardized management system of coal mine safety the construction of green mines and the construction project of staff quality have laid the foundation for the construction of healthy enterprises in China's coal ， industry. However the development of coal industry in China is unbalanced and insufficient. There are many problems such as a ， general lack of professional talents the exist of a large number of small coal mines and the underprivileged technology of coal ， ， ， mining poor working environment in underground coal mines many occupational hazards in workplace and relatively few special incentive measures for the construction of healthy enterprises in the coal industry. It is recommended that coal ， enterprises with advanced productivity take the lead to demonstrate coal mine industry construction actively promote advanced ， ， and applicable technology and equipment steadily improve the professional level of coal industry workers comprehensively ， ， improve the environment of mining areas strengthen the monitoring and treatment of occupational hazards improve and ， - implement special incentive measures for healthy enterprises and comprehensively promote the high quality development of coal industry and the construction of healthy enterprises. So as to effectively protect the health occupational rights and interests of workers and provide assistance for occupational health work in the new era.

BACKGROUNDIntramedullary nails have been widely used in treating femoral shaft fractures. However, end caps falling into soft tissue intraoperatively may cause trouble to surgeons, prolong operative time and increase radiation exposure. Additionally, difficulties may be encountered when removing nails because of callus formation over the nail tip. We performed a prospective study to compare two types of nails in managing femoral shaft fractures.

METHODSGroup I consisted of seventy-four patients with unilateral femoral shaft fractures treated with cannulated interlocking anatomical femoral intramedullary nails. Group II consisted of seventy-eight patients treated with cannulated interlocking anatomical femoral intramedullary nails with tail wires. The patients' ages, fracture severity, duration of operation, fluoroscopy time, blood loss and falls of end caps into soft tissue were recorded. Nails were removed after fracture healing. The duration of operation and blood loss during nail removal were recorded.

RESULTSThere were no significant differences between groups with respect to age and fracture severity (P > 0.05). End caps fell into soft tissue 17 times in 15 cases in group I and 21 times in 16 cases in group II. An average of seven minutes was spent recovering a lost cap in group I. In group II, all lost caps were recovered immediately. The duration of operation and fluoroscopy time in group II was significantly less than in group I (P < 0.05). Asymptomatic palpable nodules were detected in 4 cases in group II. Nail removals were performed on 58 patients in group I and 69 patients in group II. The duration of operation, blood loss and complications in group II were less than in group I (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONIntramedullary nails with tail wires facilitate both fracture fixation and nail removal, which can be used to treat femoral shaft fractures with less radiation exposure, shorter surgical time and fewer complications.

Adult ; Aged ; Bone Nails ; Female ; Femoral Fractures ; surgery ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; methods ; Humans ; Internal Fixators ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

This article summarized the clinical experience of professor QIN Yue-hao in treatment of sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease. Professor QIN believes that the main pathogenesis of sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease is "stagnation" and "stasis", "regulating qi, promoting blood circulation and alleviating pain" should be used. Therefore, based on modified Dangbao Zhitong Formula, professor Qin adds it with medicine combinations and insect medicine, which have achieved significant efficacy.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the correlation between helicobacter pylori L-form (Hp-L) infection in human esophageal carcinoma (EC) and tumor angiogenesis, and study the effect of Hp-L on the malignant biological behaviors of EC.

METHODSHp-L was examined in 98 patients with EC and 30 controls by Gram stain, electronmicroscopic technique and immunohistochemical stain (ABC method). VEGF, p53 protein and microvessel density (MVD) were examined by immunohistochemical stain (SP method) with their relationship with the clinicopathologic factors analyzed.

RESULTSThe positive rate of Hp-L was 60.2% in EC group. Two types of Hp-L were detected in the tissue of EC by electronmicroscopic technique, which lay in the outer or inner carcinoma cells. The positive rates of Hp-L, MVD, VEGF and p53 in the cancer group were significantly higher than those in control group (P < 0.005-0.001). The positive rates of MVD, VEGF and p53 in the Hp-L positive group of EC were significantly higher than those in Hp-L negative group (P < 0.005-0.001). The positive rate of Hp-L was correlated with MVD (r = 0.46, P < 0.01) and the expression of VEGF and p53 (r = 0.31, P < 0.01). The positive rate of Hp-L in the EC group was correlated with vessel invasion, depth of invasion, metastasis to the para-esophageal and distant lymph nodes except tumor size.

CONCLUSIONHp-L infection in EC is closely related with tumor angiogenesis and may be an important promoting factor in esophageal carcinoma growth, invasion and metastasis.

Adult ; Aged ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; complications ; Female ; Helicobacter Infections ; complications ; Helicobacter pylori ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; complications

Objective To examine the evolution of TCM patterns from Non-atrophic gastritis ( CSG) to atrophic gastritis ( CAG) .Methods We analyzed TCM patterns in 400 cases of chronic gastritis.χ2 test was used to compare the evolution of TCM patterns from CSG to CAG.Results There were nine essential pattern elements for chronic gastritis, namely, Qi deficiency, Qi stagnation, dampness, heat, Yin deficiency, Yang deficiency, blood stasis, food accumulation, and cold.Eight basic pattern categories for chronic gastritis were liver-stomach disharmony, liver-stomach constraint heat, spleen cold and stomach heat, retention of heat in the interior, spleen-stomach weakness ( including Qi deficiency and yang deficiency) , phlegm obstructing the stomach collaterals, food accumulation, and stomach-Yin deficiency, respectively.Chi-square test showed that CSG was closely related to Qi deficiency, Qi stagnation, heat, Yang deficiency, blood stasis, food accumulation and coldness while CAG was related to dampness, particularly to Yin deficiency.The correlation between nine essential pattern elements and Hp-positive CSG were:food accumulation >Heat >Yin deficiency;food accumulation >Qi stagnation>Yin deficiency; indigestion >coldness >Yin deficiency; food accumulation >dampness; blood stasis >dampness;Qi deficiency >Yin deficiency;Yang deficiency>Yin deficiency;blood stasis >Yin deficiency.Hp-positive CAG was just the opposite.Chi-square test also showed that stomach-Yin deficiency pattern was related to CAG and that CSG was related to other six basic pattern types except the pattern of heat retention in the interior.The correlation between the eight basic pattern categories and Hp-positive CSG were:food accumulation >liver-stomach constraint heat >stomach-Yin deficiency; food accumulation >pattern of spleen-stomach weakness >stomach-Yin deficiency; food accumulation >accumulation of damp-heat; stasis obstructing stomach collateral >pattern of heat retention in the interior;liver-stomach disharmony >stomach-Yin deficiency; stasis obstructing stomach collaterals >stomach-Yin deficiency.Hp-positive CAG was just the opposite.Conclusion Food accumulation is the earliest TCM pattern in chronic gastritis, thereafter dampness, heat, and blood stasis.Pattern of heat retention in the interior and deficiency of Healthy Qi is present throughout the development of chronic gastritis.In CSG stage, excess of pathogenic factors is often dominant.Sometimes, deficiency and excess patterns may coexist.In CAG stage, deficiency of Healthy Qi is dominant.

Objective Qi-tonifying toxin-removing Chinese medicinals can tonify qi and remove toxin. This research studied its protective effects against acute radiation injury in mice.Methods There were six groups, including blank group, model group, high dose group of qi-tonifying toxin-removing Chinese medicinals, low dose group of qi-tonifying toxin-removing Chinese medicinals, amifostine group, and anduolin group.All of the above groups were administered for 14 days.At day 14 after drug administra-tion, all groups of mice, except the blank group, were given 4 Gy 60 Co gamma ray for total body irradia-tion to induce acute radiation injury.At day 3,7, and 14 after irradiation, the mice’ s white blood cell count, thymus index, spleen index, spleen pathological section, the ratio of CD4 +/CD8 +T lymphocyte of peripheral blood, SOD activity and MDA content of liver were examined respectively.Results After gamma ray irradiation in the model group, a significant reduction in white blood cell count were detected. Immune organ index of model group mice decreased significantly.There were also significant pathological changes in the spleen, and marked increase of CD4 +/CD8 +ratio, indicating impaired immunity.SOD activity decreased while MDA content increased significantly.At day 7 after irradiation, SOD activity and MDA content returned to normal level; At day 14 after irradiation, the spleen index returned to normal level.Compared with the model group, the spleen pathological changes of treatment groups were less severe.At day 3 after irradiation, the activity of SOD in liver of low dose group was significantly enhanced (p<0.01);hepatic MDA content significantly decreased (p<0.05).At day 7 after irradia-tion, the spleen index in low dose group and high dose group mice significantly increased (p<0.05), and the ratio of CD4 +/CD8 +T lymphocyte in peripheral blood of low dose group significantly reduced ( p<0.05 ); At day 14 after irradiation, thymus index of low dose group significantly increased ( p <0.05 ) .Conclusion Low dose of formula has protective effects against sublethal doses of gamma ray induced acute radiation injury in mice.