OBJECTIVETo observe the effect platelet antigen modification by mPEG-SPA with different molecular masses.

METHODSPlatelet CD42a was modified by 5 kD and 20 kD mPEG-SPA, respectively, and the fluorescence intensity of CD42a was detect by flow cytometry and the three-dimensional structure of CD42a simulated to analyze the distribution of lysine in CD42a molecule.

RESULTSAfter platelet CD42a modification by 5 kD and 20 kD mPEG-SPA, the fluorescence intensity of CD42a decreased sharply by 85.54% and 88.65%, respectively, and multiple lysine regions were identified on the surface of CD42a molecule.

CONCLUSIONBoth 5 kD and 20 kD mPEG-SPA allow useful modification of platelet CD42a, but 20 kD mPEG-SPA is more advantageous than 5 kD mPEG-SPA.

Blood Platelets ; chemistry ; Humans ; Molecular Weight ; Platelet Glycoprotein GPIb-IX Complex ; chemistry ; Polyethylene Glycols ; chemistry ; Succinimides ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of puerarin on the neural function and the histopathological changes after ischemic spinal cord injury in rabbits.

METHODSThirty male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups as follows: puerarin group (n=10) receiving intravenous infusion of 30 mg/kg puerarin for 10 minutes, control group (n=10) receiving intravenous infusion of the same volume of normal saline as puerarin for 10 minutes, and sham operation group (n=10) undergoing only the surgical exposure of the abdominal aorta. Temporary spinal cord ischemia was induced by infrarenal aortic occlusion for 20 minutes and followed by reperfusion. The neural status was scored with the Tarlov criteria at 8, 12, 24 and 48 hours after reperfusion. All the animals were killed at 48 hours after reperfusion and the spinal cords (L5) were removed immediately for histopathological study.

RESULTSThe neural function scores at 8, 12, 24 and 48 hours after reperfusion were higher in the puerarin group and sham operation group than those in the control group (P<0.05). More normal motor neurons in the anterior horn of spinal cord were present in the puerarin group and sham operation group than those in the control group (P<0.01). There was a strong correlation between the final neural function scores and the number of normal motor neurons in the anterior horn of spinal cord (r=0.839, P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONSPuerarin can significantly ameliorate the neural function and the histopathological damages after transient spinal cord ischemia in rabbits.

Animals ; Isoflavones ; pharmacology ; Male ; Motor Neurons ; pathology ; Rabbits ; Spinal Cord Ischemia ; drug therapy ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Vasodilator Agents ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of compositie salviae dropping pill (CSDP) on hyperlipemia patients with phlegm and blood stasis syndrome.

METHODHyperlipemia patients were divided randomly into two groups. One group of 40 patients were treated by CSDP, another group of 41 patients were treated by simvastatin. The TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, ApoA and ApoB levels, ALT, r-GT, IL-6, MDA level and SOD activity were determined before and after being treated.

RESULTAfter 3 months treatment, the TC, TG and LDL-C levels were obviously decreased in two groups (P <0.01, P < 0.05), there is no significant difference between the effective rate of two groups. The ALT, r-GT, IL-8 and MDA levels of treatment group were obviously decreased (P < 0.01, P < 0.05), while the ApoA level and SOD activity increased obviously in those patients (P <0.05, P <0.01, respectively). However, the ALT, r-GT, IL-6, MDA, HDL-C, ApoA level and SOD activity had no significant difference after treatment in control group.

CONCLUSIONOur study suggest that CSDP have the function of falling serum lipid level without damaging liver function, its function of protecting liver function might related to its function of improving of anti-oxidation and decreasing of inflammation, the mechanism of CSDP disparting and removing phlem and blood stasis in the processes lipid metabolism need to be studied further.

Adult ; Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia ; blood ; drug therapy ; Hypertriglyceridemia ; blood ; drug therapy ; Interleukin-8 ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; chemistry ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood ; gamma-Glutamyltransferase ; blood

OBJECTIVE: To determine the pharmacokinetics of erythromycin stinoprate capsules and to provide guidance for clinical research. METHODS: Thirty healthy volunteers (15 men and 15 women) were divided into 3 groups randomly, each including 5 men and 5 women. Single oral doses of 250, 500 and 750 mg were given to each volunteer. The concentrations of erythromycin propionate and erythromycin base in the plasma were determined by HPLC-MS. RESULTS All 30 volunteers completed the experiment without adverse reactions. Using 3P87 we analyzed the model and calculated the pharmacokinetic parameters. Three dose groups taking high, middle and low dose were all single compartment model. The pharmacokinetic parameters of erythromycin propionate after taking erythromycin stinoprate capsules were as follows: Low dose group: Ka (2.007 +/- 1.281 )/h, tmax ( actual value) (1.9 +/- 0.6) h, Cmax (437.0 +/- 295.0) microg/L, AUC0-14 (trapezoid area) (1840.2 +/- 1476.87) microg x h/L, Ke (0.329 +/- 0.119)/h, T1/2 (2.45 +/- 0.9) h. Middle dose group: Ka (1.451 +/- 0.380)/h, tmax (1.7 +/- 0.3) h, Cmax (923.1 +/- 217.5) microg/L, AUC0-14 (4542.44 +/- 1579.4) microg x h/L,Ke (0.237 +/- 0.057)/h, T1/2 (3.1 +/- 1.1) h; High dose group: Ka (2.076 +/- 1.559)/h, tmax (1.7 +/- 0.3) h, Cmax (1336.5 +/- 366.0) microg/L, AUC0-14 (7481.5 +/- 2496.2) microg x h/L, Ke (0.266 +/- 0.051)/h, T1/2 (2.7 +/- 0.5) h. The pharmacokinetic parameters of erythromycin were as follows: Low dose group: Ka (1.410 +/- 0.626)/h, tmax (1.8 +/- 0.5) h, Cmax (197.5 +/- 227.6) microLg/L, AUC0-14 (766.4 +/- 981.0) microg x h/L, Ke (0.519 +/- 0.240)/ h, T1/2 (1.6 +/- 0.8) h. Middle dose group: Ka (1.900 +/- 1.049)/h, tmax (1.6 +/- 0.2) h,Cmax (488.3 +/- 216.7) microg/L, AUC0-14( 488.3 +/- 216.7) microg/L, Ke (0.329 +/- 0.057)/h, T1/2(2.2 +/- 0.4) h; High dose group: Ka (1.934 +/- 0.794)/h, tmax (1.7 +/- 0.3) h, Cmax (749.3 +/- 387.2) microg/L, AUC0-14(3820.1 +/- 1966.4) microg x h/L, Ke (0.373 +/- 0.174)/h, T1/2( 2.2 +/- 0.7) h. AUC of both erythromycin propionate and erythromycin base was linearly correlated to the doses; T1/2 was not correlated to the doses, so they followed the first order processes. The pharmacokinetic parameters of erythromycin The erythromycin stinoprate propionate and erythromycin base had no gender differences. Conclusion was absorbed as erythromycin propionate. Cmax reached at about 1.6 h. T1/2 of elimination was 2.4-3.1 h. The active component of erythromycin propionate was erythromycin. Cmax of erythromycin is 1.8, T1/2 is 2.4-3.1 h. In the range of oral dose of 250 to 750 mg, both erythromycin propionate and erythromycin base accorded the first order processes. The pharmacokinetic parameters were different with those reported in foreign documents while the gender difference did not exist in Chinese adults.
Adult ; Area Under Curve ; Biological Availability ; Capsules ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Erythromycin ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacokinetics ; Female ; Humans ; Male

OBJECTIVESTo determine the prevalence of cancer-related anemia and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in patients with gastric and colorectal cancer in North of China.

METHODSA cross-sectional study of 262 inpatients diagnosed with gastric or colorectal cancer admitted to eight general hospitals in Beijing from August 2009 to December 2009 was performed. The blood samples were took on the day after admission and the seventh day after operation for the tests of hemoglobin, serum iron and ferritin. The morbidity of cancer-related anemia and IDA before and after the surgery was also compared respectively.

RESULTSThe preoperative morbidity of cancer-related anemia was 36.6% in 131 patients with gastric cancer, and the morbidity of IDA was 52.1%. The mean age of the anemic patients was higher than that in cases without anemia [(62 ± 11) yrs vs. (57 ± 12) yrs, P < 0.05]; the postoperative morbidity of IDA increased to 72.6% (P < 0.05). In the 131 cases with colorectal cancer, the preoperative incidence of cancer-related anemia and IDA was 37.4% and 61.2%, respectively. About 45% of the cases with anemia had a tumor in the right colon. Postoperative incidence of IDA was significantly higher than that before the surgery (76.7%, P < 0.05). Only 10.3% of the anemic patients were treated with chalybeate therapy before surgical procedures, and the proportion was 22.7% after the operation. More than 50% of anemic patient received blood transfusion.

CONCLUSIONSCancer-related anemia is a common clinical manifestation in patients with gastrointestinal cancer, and anemia occurs more frequently in elder and patients with right colon tumor. The treatment to cancer-related anemia is insufficient and a systematic therapy is needed to be established.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anemia ; complications ; epidemiology ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; complications ; surgery ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Perioperative Period ; Stomach Neoplasms ; complications ; surgery

Chronic refractory wound (CRW) is one of the most challengeable issues in clinic due to complex pathogenesis, long course of disease and poor prognosis. Experts need to conduct systematic summary for the diagnosis and treatment of CRW due to complex pathogenesis and poor prognosis, and standard guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of CRW should be created. The Guideline forthe diagnosis and treatment of chronic refractory wounds in orthopedic trauma patients ( version 2023) was created by the expert group organized by the Chinese Association of Orthopedic Surgeons, Chinese Orthopedic Association, Chinese Society of Traumatology, and Trauma Orthopedics and Multiple Traumatology Group of Emergency Resuscitation Committee of Chinese Medical Doctor Association after the clinical problems were chosen based on demand-driven principles and principles of evidence-based medicine. The guideline systematically elaborated CRW from aspects of the epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, postoperative management, complication prevention and comorbidity management, and rehabilitation and health education, and 9 recommendations were finally proposed to provide a reliable clinical reference for the diagnosis and treatment of CRW.

Pediatric acute hyperextension spinal cord injury (SCI) named as PAHSCI by us, is a special type of thoracolumbar SCI without radiographic abnormality and highly related to back-bend in dance training, which has been increasingly reported. At present, it has become the leading cause of SCI in children, and brings a heavy social and economic burden. Both domestic and foreign academic institutions and dance education organizations lack a correct understanding of PAHSCI and relevant standards, specifications or guidelines. In order to provide standardized guidance, the expert team formulated this guideline based on the principles of science and practicability, starting from the diagnosis, differential diagnosis, etiology, admission evaluation, treatment, complications and prevention. This guideline puts forward 23 recommendations for 14 related issues.
Child ; Humans ; Spinal Cord Injuries/complications* ; Spinal Cord

BACKGROUND: The placebo response of sham acupuncture in patients with primary dysmenorrhea is a substantial factor associated with analgesia. However, the magnitude of the placebo response is unclear. OBJECTIVE: This meta-analysis assessed the effects of sham acupuncture in patients with primary dysmenorrhea and the factors contributing to these effects. SEARCH STRATEGY: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases were searched from inception up to August 20, 2022. INCLUSION CRITERIA: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using sham acupuncture as a control for female patients of reproductive age with primary dysmenorrhea were included. DATA EXTRACTION AND ANALYSIS: Pain intensity, retrospective symptom scale, and health-related quality of life were outcome measures used in these trials. Placebo response was defined as the change in the outcome of interest from baseline to endpoint. We used standardized mean difference (SMD) to estimate the effect size of the placebo response. RESULTS: Thirteen RCTs were included. The pooled placebo response size for pain intensity was the largest (SMD = -0.99; 95% confidence interval [CI], -1.31 to -0.68), followed by the retrospective symptom scale (Total frequency rating score: SMD = -0.20; 95% CI, -0.80 to -0.39. Average severity score: SMD = -0.35; 95% CI, -0.90 to -0.20) and physical component of SF-36 (SMD = 0.27; 95% CI, -0.17 to 0.72). Studies using blunt-tip needles, single-center trials, studies with a low risk of bias, studies in which patients had a longer disease course, studies in which clinicians had < 5 years of experience, and trials conducted outside Asia were more likely to have a lower placebo response. CONCLUSION Strong placebo response and some relative factors were found in patients with primary dysmenorrhea. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022304215. Please cite this article as: Sun CY, Xiong ZY, Sun CY, Ma PH, Liu XY, Sun CY, Xin ZY, Liu BY, Liu CZ, Yan SY. Placebo response of sham acupuncture in patients with primary dysmenorrhea: A meta-analysis. J Integr Med. 2023; 21(5): 455-463.
Female ; Humans ; Dysmenorrhea/therapy* ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Pain Management ; Needles ; Placebo Effect