Acute retinal necrosis syndrome (ARNS) is a group of eye syndrome.Acute uveitis, retinal artery occlusive vasculitis, fused necrotic retinitis and late stage of retinal detachment is the main clinical manifestation.A part of patients may be associated with increased intraocular pressure.The etiology and pathogenesis is still not clear completely and most people think that may be related to the virus infection, which mainly to reflected to be herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella zoster virus (VZV), EB virus and giant cell virus (CMV) infection.Its diagnosis mainly depends on clinical manifestation, examination and etiological examination.Acute retinal necrosis syndrome is urgent and develops quickly, and it is lack of specific clinical symptoms in early times.By the way, it enjoys high misdiagnosis rate and poor prognosis.It is hard to cure, therefore, it is an important reason for the blindness.Once diagnosed, treatment should be adopted by carrying local and systemic antiviral, preventive laser photocoagulation in time.At the same time, it is essential that vitreous body resection combine with silicone oil tamponade treatment when necessary.The study shows that the effective measures of early treatment will be able to prevent disease progression and improve visual acuity.Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment of acute retinal necrosis syndrome is very important.In this paper, combination of the literature on the diagnosis and treatment of acute retinal necrosis syndrome were reviewed.

OBJECTIVETo discuss the reasons and the treatments for the femoral refracture.

METHODSFrom 2004 to 2008, 10 cases of femoral refracture after plate removal were selected and treated with open reduction and bone nail internal fixation, included 4 males and 6 females ranging from 19 to 48 years with an average age of 33 years old. According to Müller classification, there were 4 cases of type A, 3 of B, 3 of C. The skeletal tissues were taken for pathological analysis.

RESULTSTen patients were followed-up for 10 to 18 months (averaged 14 months). All wound healed at one stage,there were no complications. The fuction of lower limbs walking and weight loading werer recovered. Pathological section showed that part of the lamellar bone tissues were necrotic. The bone architectures were chaotic, micrangium blocked, Haversian canals were atrophy, new vessels and Haversian canals growed in necrotic bone. The tunnel in rigid bone and new Haversian system were formed. The structure was cutting cone. It was the process of new bone substitutting necrotic bone in bony remodeling.

CONCLUSIONThe internal fixation using ordinary plates overwhelmingly destroy blood circulation of bone and cause necrosis of bone. It can also effect bone remodeling and descent mechanical property. Refracture can readily happen after the plate removal. Treatment of open reduction and bone nail internal fixation can achieve excellent and good effect.

Adult ; Bone Plates ; Female ; Femoral Fractures ; pathology ; surgery ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Recurrence

OBJECTIVETo study the expression of P57(kip2) and Maspin in the pathological scar and their possible role in the pathogenesis of abnormal scars.

METHODSImmunohistochemistry integrated image analysis and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-RCR) were performed to detect the expression of P57(kip2) and Maspin in hypertrophic scar, keloid, mature scar and normal skin. Statistics was used to analyze the datas.

RESULTSThe expression of P57(kip2) protein was fixed to fibroblast intranuclear in abnormal scar, and the expression of P57(kip2) protein and P57(kip2) mRNA decreased (P < 0.05). The expression of Maspin protein was fixed to fibroblast cytoplasm and intranuclear in abnormal scar, and the expression of Maspin protein and Maspin mRNA decrease, compared with that in normal group (P < 0.05). There was positive correlation between P57(kip2) protein and Maspin protein expression (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe decreased expression of P57(kip2) and Maspin in abnormal scar shows that they are cicatrix-related genes. There is a positive relationship between the two genes. It may be one of the mechanisms of pathogenesis of abnormal scar. It makes effect through fibroblasts.

Cicatrix ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cicatrix, Hypertrophic ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p57 ; metabolism ; Fibroblasts ; metabolism ; Humans ; Serpins ; metabolism

BACKGROUNDBenign prostate hyperplasia is one of the most common diseases affecting the health of the aging males. Watchful waiting is an acceptable management strategy for benign prostate hyperplasia in which the patient is monitored by the physician but receives no active intervention. The epidemiological data on this are lacking in China. Our study was designed to evaluate the changes of signs and symptoms of patients with benign prostate hyperplasia during management by watchful waiting in China.

METHODSOne hundred and forty-five patients with benign prostate hyperplasia aged > 50 years were enrolled in management by watchful waiting. All the patients were visited every 6 months and were given an International Prostate Symptom Score and Quality of Life questionnaire to complete. They also had uroflowmetry and were assessed using ultrasonography to get the volume of prostate, transition zone and amount of residual urine. The Student's t test, the Chi-square test, and variance analysis were used in the statistical analysis.

RESULTSAll patients were visited after 6 months, the mean volume of transitional zone was found to have increased by 1.6 ml (P < 0.01), International Prostate Symptom Score was increased by 0.8 (P < 0.01) and Quality of Life was increased by 0.2 (P < 0.01), and there was no statistical change in other data. Among these patients, 17.9% (26/145) visited again after 12 months when the data failed to show a statistically significant difference among the three groups (0, 6, and 12 months).

CONCLUSIONSAfter one year's follow-up, the progression of benign prostate hyperplasia was slow and the clinical data did not undergo much change.

Aged ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; psychology ; therapy ; Quality of Life

Adenovirus vectors are one of the most promising gene transfer systems. They are of great value for gene therapy because these vectors achieve temporal high-level transgene expression and high gene transfer efficiency. To meet increasing needs of adenovirus vectors for gene therapy programs, parallel development of efficient, scalable and reproducible production processes is required. Perfusion cultivation of 293 cells is one of the most commonly used methods to produce adenovirus vectors and it is suitable for industrialized production specially. Experimental studies had been carried out to produce recombinant adenovirus containing the green fluorescent protein gene (Ad-GFP) by perfusion cultivation of HEK-293 N3S cells in a 5L stirring bioreactors. Perfusion rate was 1-2 volume/day. To infect the 293 N3S cells with Ad-GFP at the density of (2-4) x 10(6) cells/ ml. The time of collecting cells was 48 hours post infection. After three rounds of freeze/thaw and centrifugation, the crude viral lysates were stored at--80 degrees C until use. Then to get the Ad-GFP products by 2 x CsCl-gradient purification. The purity of the products was determined by the A260/A280 ratio and a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay. The infective titer was determined by a TCID50 assay. The culture term was 10-12 days. The infectious titer, the number of virus particle and the ratio of infectious titer to virus particle for the product were 1.0 x 10(11) IU/mL, 1.68 x 10(12) VP/mL and 6.0% IU/VP respectively. The A260/A280 ratio was 1.33, and the purity determined by HPLC was 99.2%. The cell specific productivity was around 1000 IU/cell. By perfusion cultivation of 293 N3S cells in a 5L stirring bioreactors, we established the production process for Ad-GFP, which paves a way to produce other recombinant adenovirus for gene therapy.
Adenoviridae ; genetics ; growth & development ; isolation & purification ; Bioreactors ; microbiology ; Cell Line ; Gene Transfer Techniques ; Genetic Vectors ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; genetics ; Humans ; Kidney ; cytology ; virology ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Recombination, Genetic ; Virus Cultivation ; instrumentation ; methods

Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Carbon Tetrachloride ; Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Genetic Therapy ; methods ; Hepatocyte Growth Factor ; genetics ; pharmacology ; Hepatocytes ; cytology ; Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental ; therapy ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVETo discuss the mechanisms of electroacupuncture at "Neiguan" (PC 6) on p38 MAPK signaling pathway in rats with cardiac hypertrophy.

METHODSForty SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: a normal group, a model group, a model plus p38 MAPK inhibitor group, a model plus electroacupuncture group, ten rats in each group. The model rats were established by subcutaneous injection 3 mg/(kg x d) of Isoprenaline Hydrochloride; model plus p38 MAPK inhibitor group were injected 0.3 mg/(kg x d) of specific inhibitor SB 203580; model plus electroacupuncture group was treated by electroacupuncture at "Neiguan"(PC 6) with continuous-wave, 2 Hz and 1 mA for 20 minutes, once a day for 14 days. There was no treatment in other two groups. The contents of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta in heart tissue were detected by radioimmunoassay and the p38 MAPK, p-p38 MAPK by western blot.

RESULTSCompared with normal group, the contents of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, p38 MAPK, p-p38 MAPK were significantly increased in model group (all P < 0.01). The contents of TNFalpha, IL-1beta, p38 MAPK, p-p38 MAPK were significantly decreased in model plus p38 MAPK inhibitor group and model plus electroacupuncture group, compared with model group, all P < 0.05; compared with normal group, P < 0.05, P < 0.01; but no significant difference between model plus p38 MAPK inhibitor group and model plus electroacupuncture group (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONElectroacupuncture at "Neiguan" (PC 6) can prevent the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK of myocardial hypertrophy, and the mechanism maybe adjust p38 MAPK signaling pathway by inhibiting the expression of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta.

Acupuncture Points ; Animals ; Cardiomegaly ; metabolism ; therapy ; Electroacupuncture ; Interleukin-1beta ; metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Signal Transduction ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; metabolism

Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is one of major growth factors in the bone marrow microenvironments with which the proliferation, differentiation and migration of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells were closely contacted. However, its roles in the regulation of proliferation, differentiation and migration of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells remain unclear. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of HGF on biological characteristics of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Expression of c-Met, the receptor for HGF was detected by immunohistochemistry assay, cell proliferation was determined by MTT, activity of ALP was quantitatively assayed, cell migration and anoikis-induced MSC apoptosis were analyzed. The results showed that HGF not influenced the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Treatment of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells with recombinant human hepatocyte growth factor resulted in inhibition of anoikis-induced apoptosis. HGF significantly stimulated the migration of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Both PI-3 kinase and MAPK kinase were proved to be involved in HGF-induced migration. It is concluded that HGF/c-Met signal regulates the apoptosis and migration of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
Anoikis ; drug effects ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Cell Movement ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Hepatocyte Growth Factor ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met ; biosynthesis

Background and Objective: Chemotherapy regimen containing anthracyclines has been used as the standard treatment for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This study was to compare the efficacy and toxicity of the chemotherapy regimen containing perarubicin (THP) with that containing mitoxantrone (MIT) for young patients with newly diagnosed AML. Methods: A total of 129 patients with newly diagnosed AML, aged 16 to 60 years olds, were assigned for induction chemotherapy containing one to two courses with standard-dose cytarabine (Ara-C) and an anthracycline antibiotic, THP or MIT. When complete remission was achieved after induction therapy, the patients received two courses of consolidation therapy identical to the induction regimen. From then, the patients were alternately given four courses of consolidation therapy consisting of Ara-C/I-HP or Ara-C/MIT every three weeks. Maintenance treatment continued for three years when patients were in continuous complete remission (CCR). Results: Twenty-six out of 42 patients (61.90%) receiving THP therapy, and 48 out of 73 patients (65.75%) treated by MIT achieved CR (P>0.05). Nine (34.61%) and 11 (22.92%) out of CR patients treated by THP and MIT, respectively, relapsed within one year (P= 0.28). Moreover, the incidences of toxicities, such as infection, nausea/ vomiting and cardiac events, were similar in these two groups (P>0.05) except for alopecie, which was 26.19% in the THP group compared to 42.47% in the MIT group (P<0.01). Conclusions: Regimen containing THP plus Ara-C can be used for young adults with newly diagnosed AML for remission induction, but it is not superior to the regimen with MIT. Consolidation chemotherapy with THP or MIT is feasible for young adults with AML after CR.

OBJECTIVETo compare the differences of the efficacy and different therapeutic drugs on the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in order to ensure the optimal indication for different BPH patients.

METHODSA randomized, parallel-controlled, multicenter clinical trial was conducted. From September 2002 to December 2003 906 BPH patients were enrolled into 7 therapeutic groups, including selective-adrenoceptor antagonist (terazosin, doxazosin tamsulosin and naftopidil), 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor (finasteride and epristeride) and natural product (cernilton). International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and Quality of Life (QOL), uroflowmetry, total prostatic volume (TPV) and transitional zone volume and residual urine were used as efficacy criteria.

RESULTSAccording to the baseline, the IPSS and Qmax were significantly correlated to the prostatic volume and transitional zone volume (P < 0.01). At average follow-up of 6 months, significant improvements in IPSS, QOL, Qmax and residual urine volume were observed in each therapeutic group, and no difference in IPSS improvement was found among the groups. Prostatic volume and transitional zone volume were significant decreased in 5alpha-reductase inhibitor groups (P < 0.05). In patients with baseline TPV greater than 35.5 cm3, the improvement of Qmax was more significant than that in patients with TPV less than 35.5 cm3 in finasteride group (P < 0.01) (5.7 ml/s and 2.2 ml/s respectively), and more significant symptomatic improvements were also found in cernilton, doxazosin and naftopidil group. In each group, the improvement of symptom were more significant in patients with IPSS higher than 20 points (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSEach drug observed in this study can improve the subjective and objective symptoms significantly for BPH patients, especially for patients with higher IPSS baseline. When using 5alpha-reductase inhibitor, prostatic volume can be decreased significantly and more obviously subjective and objective improvement can be found in the patients with TPV greater than 35.5 cm3.

5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors ; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists ; therapeutic use ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Androstadienes ; therapeutic use ; Double-Blind Method ; Doxazosin ; therapeutic use ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Finasteride ; therapeutic use ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Naphthalenes ; therapeutic use ; Piperazines ; therapeutic use ; Plant Extracts ; therapeutic use ; Prazosin ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Prostate ; drug effects ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; drug therapy ; Quality of Life ; Secale ; Sulfonamides ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome