OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Kanglaite injection(KLT) on the proliferation and telomerase activity of mesangial cells in rats.

METHODMTT, telomere repeat amplification protocal (TRAP), ELISA, PAGE and silver-stain were applied to detect the growth rate and telomerase activity of MC after stimulation of KLT and IL-1.

RESULTThe growth rate of MC was enhanced by IL-1 stimulation, which was accompanied with a redection of the activity of telomerase. Adversely, the growth rate of MC was reduced by KLT, which was accompanied with an enhancement of activity of telomerase. Moreover, the growth rate of MC and the activity of telomerase were both inhibited by the combinative use of IL-1 and KLT without any influence from the sequence of their administration.

CONCLUSIONKLT could inhibit proliferation and telomerase activity of MC with or without pre-stimulation with IL-1. KLT might be useful to prevent and treat glomerular nephritis related to MC proliferation.

Animals ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Coix ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Glomerular Mesangium ; cytology ; enzymology ; Injections ; Plant Oils ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rats ; Seeds ; chemistry ; Telomerase ; metabolism

OBJECTIVE: To explore the inhibitive effects of 1,3,8-trihydroxy-5-methoxyxanthone (TMX) on cytochrome P450s (CYP450s) in human liver microsomes. METHODS: Probe drugs were incubated with and without adding TMX to determine the changes of enzyme activities. The concentration ratio of metabolites to probe drugs was used to present enzyme activities. Concentrations of the probe drugs and their metabolites in the incubated mixture were detected by high performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS: The variations (mean, 95%CI) of the activities of CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2E1 and CYP3A4 were 2.95 x 10(-3) (2.03 x 10(-3), 3.88 x 10(-3)), 3.14 x 10(-2) (1.87 x 10(-2), 4.42 x 10(-2)), 2.27 x 10(-3) (-1.4 x 10(-2),1.81 x 10(-2)), 7.72 x 10(-2) (-0.83 x 10(-2), 0.2374), and -0.2548 (-2.9802, 2.4707), respectively. The activities of CYP1A2 and CYP2C9 were significantly reduced in the present of TMX. CONCLUSION TMX (10 micromol/L) has significant inhibitive effect on the activities of CYP1A2 and CYP2C9, but no significant inhibitive effect on the activities of CYP2C19, CYP2E1 and CYP3A4.
Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System ; metabolism ; Humans ; Microsomes, Liver ; drug effects ; enzymology ; Xanthones ; pharmacology

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous kyphoplasty is an effective treatment method for senile degenerative thoracic osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. However, its clinical long-term effect is controversial among scholars both inside and outside China. The poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) bone cement commonly used in percutaneous kyphoplasty has good plasticity and formability, but its biocompatibility is not yet clear. Injectable artificial bone is a novel filling material to induce bone formation, but its long-term efficacy remains to be verified. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of OSTEOPAL?Plus PMMA bone cement and GeneX? injectable artificial bone graft in the treatment of senile degenerative thoracic osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures at 24 months postoperatively. METHODS: This is a prospective, single-center, open-label, randomized controlled clinical trial. A total of 378 patients with senile degenerative thoracic osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures will be recruited from the Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University, China. The patients will be randomized into two groups and undergo percutaneous kyphoplasty. The PMMA group (n=189) will be treated with OSTEOPAL?Plus PMMA bone cement. The artificial bone group (n=189) will be treated with GeneX? injectable artificial bone. Follow-ups will be conducted at 1 week and at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months. The primary outcome measure will be the vertebral body height restoration rate at 24 months postoperatively to evaluate the repair effect of the damaged thoracic vertebra. The secondary outcome measures will be the vertebral body height restoration rate at 1 week and 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively; the incidence of bone cement leakage at 1 week and 3, 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively; the visual analog scale score, Oswestry Disability Index, compression rate of the anterior vertebral height, and thoracic morphology revealed by computed tomography preoperatively and at 1 week and 3, 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively; and the incidence of adverse reactions at 1 week and 3, 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively. DISCUSSION: Our results will verify whether OSTEOPAL?Plus PMMA bone cement and GeneX? injectable artificial bone graft are effective and safe for treating senile degenerative thoracic osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in the short-term and at the 2-year follow-up. This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Affiliated Hospital of Qinghai University of China in November 2017 (approval number: 2017-11). The study protocol will be conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, formulated by the World Medical Association. Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants who will be fully informed of study protocol and process. This trial was designed in December 2017. The recruitment of subjects and data collection will begin in July 2018. Outcome measures will be analyzed in September 2020. This trial will be completed in October 2020. The results of the trial will be reported in a scientific conference or disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal. This trial had been registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (registration No:ChiCTR1800015411). The version of this study protocol is 1.0.

Objective:To improve the genetic stability of HBV gene in transgenic mice.Methods:HBV transgenic mice were bred by backcross and double cross.The HBV gene expression and replication were studied with real-time PCR,ELISA and chemiluminescence.Results:The HBV transgenic mice have stably bred to 23rd generation.The serum HBsAg level is 4122.31?2044.74IU/ml;The rate of HBV transgenic mice whose serum HBV DNA reach 104~106copies/ml was 93.93%.The HBV replication and expression were improved markedly.There is no difference between male and female mice about serum HBsAg level.Conclusion:After breeding the HBV gene was expressed stably with high-level in transgenic mice.

0.05) and the two methods had good correlation(r=0.822).CONCLUSIONS The method of FCST established by as in this study is simple,repeatable,with high accuracy and easy to determine MIC and has good application prospects in clinical antifungal susceptibility testing.

Objective:To explore that if the weak central coherence cognitive characteristic exist in metaphor semantic integration and how does it change through the familiarity of metaphor in the adults with high functioning autism (HFA).Methods:Totally 20 adults with HFA from a service institution of autistic disorder and their 20 typically developing (TD) peers from ordinary schools were recruited into present study who were matched on intelligence quotient (IQ).Priming task was used in present study,in which were set two groups of metaphor sentences (novel-metaphor sentences,conventional-metaphor sentences) as priming sentences and four groups of word (metaphor-relationship-explaining word,vehicle-relevance word,irrelevant word,pseudo words) as target words.A recognition task was used to support the results of priming task.Results:HFA adults showed the highest processing efficiency of vehicle-relevance word in the novel-metaphor and conventional-metaphor priming conditions,the reaction time were (960.7 ±9.7) ms and (747.5 ± 12.8) ms,and the accuracies were 94.8％ and 98.4％.TD adults showed the highest processing efficiency of metaphor-relationship-explaining word in the novel-metaphor and conventional-metaphor priming conditions,the reaction time were (817.4 ± 9.0) ms and (619.5 ± 9.9) ms,and the accuracies were 93.3％ and 98.2％.In recognition tasks,HFA adults showed the highest recognition efficiency of vehicle-relevance word in the novel-metaphor and conventional-metaphor conditions,the reaction time were (732.2 ±11.9) ms and (788.8 ± 11.7) ms,and the accuracies were 78.9％ and 81.8％.TD adults showed the highest recognition efficiency of metaphor-relationship-explaining word in the novel-metaphor and conventional-metaphor conditions,the reaction time were (694.0 ± 10.8) ms and 696.1 ± 11.2)ms,and the accuracies were 76.7％ and 84.2％.Conclusion:It suggests that HFA adults have weak central coherence cognitive processing characteristic on the deep semantic processing level such as metaphor,and this kind of characteristic would get more obvious from conventional-metaphor to novel-metaphor.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the criminal characteristics of alcohol-related offence in forensic psychiatric practice. METHODS: Ninety cases were collected according to our research criteria and were divided into two groups, ordinary drinking (OD) (63 cases) and chronic alcoholic (CA) (27 cases). Descriptive and comparative studies were conducted between the two groups. RESULTS: 54.0% OD group had induced incident compare with 22.2% CA group; 58.7% of OD group had a motive while 55.6% of CA group were with no clear motive; 66.6% of OD group had a chosen target, 51.8% of CA group with no clear target; 19.0% of OD group chose criminal time while only 3.7% of CA group did; 61.9% of OD took certain anti-detection means while 59.3% of CA group stayed at the scene. 98.4% of OD group was found guilty and only 3.7% of CA was found guilty. CONCLUSION OD group tends to have induced events, criminal motive, often are found to be guilty; CA group tends to be older, lacks awareness of self-protection during and after committing the crime, and usually is found not guilty or only partially responsible.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Alcoholism/psychology* ; Crime/statistics & numerical data* ; Criminal Psychology ; Female ; Forensic Psychiatry ; Homicide/statistics & numerical data* ; Humans ; Liability, Legal ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study hepatic NF-κB level following endotoxemic liver injury, and its relationship with hepatic TNF-α and IL-6 levels in young rats.

METHODSForty 18-day-old rats were randomly assigned to a normal control and an endotoxemia group. Endotoxemia was induced by lipopolysaccharide injection (LPS, 5 mg/kg). The endotoxemia group was subdivided into four groups sampled at 2, 6, 12 and 24 hrs after LPS injection (n=8 each). Pathological changes in liver cells were observed under a light microscope. TNF-α and IL-6 levels in liver tissue homogenates were measured using ELISA. Reitman-Frankel was used to measure serum ALT concentrations. NF-κB activation level in liver tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSLiver tissue injury was the most obvious 6 hrs after LPS injection under the light microscope, and the damage rating of liver tissues was significantly higher in the endotoxemia group than that in the normal control group at all time points (P<0.05). ALT levels in the endotoxemia group were significantly higher than those in the normal control group 6, 12 and 24 hrs after LPS injection (P<0.05). NF-κB p65 protein expression in liver cells (percentage of nuclear positive cells) in the endotoxemia groups was significantly higher than that in the normal control group (P<0.05). TNF-α and IL-6 levels in liver tissue homogenates in the endotoxemia groups were significantly higher than those in the normal control group 6 and 12 hrs after LPS injection (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSEndotoxemia can cause liver injury, resulting in liver cell damage and changes in liver function. NF-κB activation is involved in endotoxemic liver injury which may be mediated by inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 synthesis.

Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; Endotoxemia ; complications ; Female ; Interleukin-6 ; analysis ; Liver ; chemistry ; pathology ; Liver Diseases ; etiology ; metabolism ; Male ; NF-kappa B ; analysis ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; analysis

OBJECTIVE: To explore the criminological characteristics of mental retardation (MR) in forensic psychiatry. METHODS: The record scale of forensic psychiatric assessment designed by ourselves was used to analyse the criminological characteristics of 83 offenders with MR, and to compare the criminological characteristics of mild MR with that of moderate and severe MR. RESULTS: The mild MR accounted for 62.7%, moderate and severe MR was 22.9%. The percentage of sex offenders in MR was 37.3%, manslaughter 34.7%, property offences 28.0%, respectively. Additionally, 96.1% cases with MR have definite criminal motives, and the criminal history was established in 34.7% cases. Significant differences of criminal premeditation (X2chi-squared l11,P=0.001), criminal aim(x2chi-squared 7.531, P=0.006), criminal motive(X 2chi-squared . 920, P= 0.019) and criminal types(s 2chi-squared .855, P=0.02) were found between the mild MR and the moderate, severe MR. CONCLUSIONS The criminal offenders were mostly found in mild MR. The sex offenders and manslaughter were in outright majority, and most of them had definite criminal motives. The proportion of offenders in mild MR who had criminal premeditation and criminal aim was higher significantly than which in the moderate, severe MR. The proportion of offenders in moderate, severe MR whose criminal motive was for sex was higher than that in mild MR.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Crime/statistics & numerical data* ; Expert Testimony ; Female ; Forensic Psychiatry/statistics & numerical data* ; Homicide/statistics & numerical data* ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability/psychology* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors ; Severity of Illness Index ; Sex Offenses/statistics & numerical data* ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate whether the titrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5 (ACP5) gene polymorphisms were associated with the occurrence or curve severity of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

METHODSThere were 372 AIS patients from January 2006 to December 2008 and 239 normal controls from March 2005 to August 2006 were recruited. The Cobb angles were ≥ 10° in all AIS patients. Using the haplotype data of Han population from the Hapmap Project, two tag SNPs (rs2229531, rs2071484) were defined for ACP5 gene. PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism was used for the genotyping.

RESULTSNo polymorphism in rs2229531 was found in this study. The genotype and allele frequency distribution in rs2071484 were similar between AIS patients and normal controls (χ(2) = 3.336 and 1.438, P > 0.05). The mean maximum Cobb angles of different genotypes of rs2071484 in ACP5 gene were 38° ± 19° in AA, 34° ± 14° in AG and 38° ± 21° in GG, which were similar with each other among AIS patients who reached skeletal maturity or received surgery treatment (P = 0.157).

CONCLUSIONThe ACP5 gene is neither associated with the occurrence nor the curve severity of AIS.

Acid Phosphatase ; genetics ; Adolescent ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Isoenzymes ; genetics ; Male ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Scoliosis ; genetics ; Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase